Sharp EL-501W BINARY, OCTAL, DECIMAL, Hexadecimal Operations N-BASE, Complex Number Calculations

Coordinate Conversions

•Before performing a calculation, select the angular unit.

Y		P (x,y)	Y		P (r,θ)
				r
			↔
y				θ
0		X	0		X
	x

Rectangular coord. Polar coord.

BINARY, OCTAL, DECIMAL, AND

HEXADECIMAL OPERATIONS (N-BASE)

This calculator can perform the four basic arithmetic opera- tions, calculations with parentheses and memory calcula- tions using binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal num- bers.

When performing calculations in each system, first set the calculator in the desired mode before entering numbers.

It can also perform conversions between numbers expressed in binary, octal, decimal and hexadecimal systems. Conversion to each system is performed by the following keys:

Ïê : Converts to the binary system. “BIN” appears.

Ïî : Converts to the octal system. “OCT” appears.

Ïì : Converts to the hexadecimal system. “HEX” appears.

Ïí : Converts to the decimal system. “BIN”, “OCT”,

and “HEX” disappear from the display.

Conversion is performed on the displayed value when these keys are pressed.

Note: In this calculator, the hexadecimal numbers A – F are

ABCDE

entered by pressing E, Ñ, ⁄, ´, I,

F

and l, and displayed as follows:

A → å, B → ∫, C → ç, D → ∂, E → é, F → ƒ

In the binary, octal, and hexadecimal systems, fractional parts cannot be entered. When a decimal number having a fractional part is converted into a binary, octal, or hexadeci- mal number, the fractional part will be truncated. Likewise, when the result of a binary, octal, or hexadecimal calculation includes a fractional part, the fractional part will be trun- cated. In the binary, octal, and hexadecimal systems, nega- tive numbers are displayed as a complement.

COMPLEX NUMBER CALCULATIONS

To carry out addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division using complex numbers, press @πto select the com- plex number mode.

•A complex number is represented in the a + bi format. The “a” is the real part while the “bi” is the imaginary part. When inputting the real part, after inputting the number press a. When inputting the imaginary part, after in- putting the number press b. To obtain the result press

=.

•Immediately after completing calculation, you can recall the value of the real part with a, and the value of the imaginary part with b.

•If the complex numbers are represented as polar coordi- nates, press @}after they are input with a and b.

STATISTICAL CALCULATIONS

Press @Æto select statistics mode.

The following statistics can be obtained:

	x	Mean of samples (x data)
sx		Sample standard deviation (x data)
σx		Population standard deviation (x data)
n		Number of samples
Σx		Sum of samples (x data)
Σx2		Sum of squares of samples (x data)

Data Entry and Correction

Entered data are kept in memory until @Æor F are pressed. Before entering new data, clear the memory contents.

[Data Entry]

Data k

Data *frequency k(To enter multiples of the same data)

[Data Correction]

Correction prior to pressing k: Delete incorrect data with ª.

Correction after pressing k:

Reenter the data to be corrected and press @J.

•The number displayed after pressing kor @J during data entry or correction is the number of samples (n).

Statistical Calculation Formulas

In the statistical calculation formulas, an error will occur when:

•the absolute value of the intermediate result or calculation result is equal to or greater than 1 ⋅ 10100.

•the denominator is zero.

•an attempt is made to take the square root of a negative number.

ERROR AND CALCULATION RANGES

Errors

An error will occur if an operation exceeds the calculation ranges, or if a mathematically illegal operation is attempted. In the case of an error, the display will show “E”.

An error can be cleared by pressing ª.

Calculation Ranges

•Within the ranges specified, this calculator is accurate to ±1 of the least significant digit of the mantissa. However, a calculation error increases in continuous calculations due

to accumulation of each calculation error. (This is the same for yx, x¿ , ex, ln, etc., where continuous calculations are performed internally.)

Additionally, a calculation error will accumulate and become larger in the vicinity of inflection points and singular points of functions.

•Calculation ranges

±10-99~ ±9.999999999⋅1099 and 0.

If the absolute value of an entry or a final or intermediate result of a calculation is less than 10–99, the value is consid- ered to be 0 in calculations and in the display.