Perle Systems P840 manual Icmp Messages, Unreachable, Redirect, Quench

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Introduction

Source Routing

Source routing is used to predetermine the path that the IP frame must travel through the network. There are two types of source routing: strict source routing and loose source routing.

Strict source routing will contain a list of IP addresses of routers that must be used when the IP frame is sent through the network. Strict source routing is used mainly to provide some type of data security. Once the IP frame has reached the destination station, the destination station will take the list of IP addresses from the options field, reverse them, and use them for a strict route back to the originating station.

Loose source routing will also contain a list of IP address of routers to be used on the path to the destination station. However, the IP frame may pass through other intermediate routers to get to the next IP address in the loose source routing list.

Route Recording

Route recording simply keeps a list of all the IP addresses of the routers that the IP frame has passed through on its way to the destination station.

Time Stamps

The time stamp option is used to record the time at which the IP frame passed through each router on its way to the destination station.

ICMP Messages

Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) messages are used to perform station and router protocol participation. ICMP messages are passed between routers, or between routers and stations. There are several different messages, as discussed below.

Unreachable

The “unreachable” message is sent back to the originating station when the path to the destination network has disappeared. A destination network may be unreachable because of a broken link, a downed router, a downed station, or other reasons.

Redirect

The “redirect” message is sent to the originating station when there is a better router to use to reach the destination network. Because the routers share routing tables, each router has the ability to determine whether it is the best router to use for network traffic. Once a station receives a redirect, all future IP frames destined for the particular destination network will be sent to the new router.

Quench

The “quench” message is sent to the originating station when the path to the destination network has become congested. The originating station will slow down the rate of transmission of frames for an internally (to the station) predetermined period of time upon receiving a quench message.

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Contents Perle P840 Introduction P840 RouterARP-Address Resolution Protocol IP Routing and the P840 RouterProxy ARP Complete IP Connection IP Header Details Redirect Icmp MessagesUnreachable QuenchPing Update MechanismRIP-Routing Information Protocol Time and Mask serverBridging and the P840 Router Initial Bridging ProcessStation Address Learning Aging Timer Filled Address Table Address PurgingAging Exception P840 Router Feature Definitions TelnetLink Compression Typical Compression Ratios by File Type Multilink WAN TopologiesBandwidth On Demand MultipointOperating Software Upgrades Time of Day Connect ApplicationP840 Isdn Connection Management Wide Area Network Topologies SupportedCall Establishment Methods Isdn Connection Management Auto-Call Time-of-Day ConnectionsAddress Connect Manual CallConnection Process CombinationSuspension Process Idle TimerProtocol Awareness Interesting TrafficP840 Session Participation Spoofing Suspended ServerIP Address Connect IP SpecificsTermination Process Suspension of TCP/IP SessionsConsole Connector Pinout InformationEvent Logs Event logsEvent Logs Event Logs Event Logs Event Logs Event Logs Alarm logs Event Logs Event Logs Event Logs Code Description Code Event Logs Event Logs Event Logs Event Logs Event Logs PPP Security logs MAC Address Filtering SecurityFiltering Security-Filter if DestinationSecurity-Filter if Source Security-Forward if Destination Filtering Security-Forward if SourceFiltering Pattern Filter Operators Bridge Pattern FilteringProtocol Discrimination Filter all IP Packets Protocol Type FieldInternet Protocol IP IP, and no moreFiltering Filter all IP without TCP traffic Transport Control Protocol / Internet Protocol TCP/IPFilter only TCP/IP Filter all except TCP/IPEthernet Broadcasting Bandwidth ConservationFilter all DEC Ethernet MulticastingGeneral Restrictions Internet AddressesEthernet Station Addresses Mask Combinations Mask would be 6-010203040506&12-0800&23-06 ExampleIP Router Pattern Filtering Frame Formats Ethernet Type Codes Octet Locations on an IP Routed TCP/IP Frame Octet Locations on a Bridged XNS Frame

P840 specifications

Perle Systems is renowned for its high-performance networking hardware, and the Perle P840 model exemplifies this reputation with its advanced features and technologies. Designed for small to medium-sized enterprises, the P840 serves as a versatile and reliable solution for connectivity needs.

One of the main features of the Perle P840 is its robust network performance, supporting both Ethernet and serial connectivity. With support for RS-232, RS-422, and RS-485 interfaces, the P840 enables seamless integration of legacy devices into modern network architectures, allowing businesses to leverage existing infrastructure without the need for extensive upgrades.

The P840 also boasts advanced security features to protect sensitive data during transmission. It supports SSL encryption and VPN capabilities, ensuring that data travels securely across the network. Additionally, it implements strong authentication protocols, providing organizations with peace of mind knowing that their communications are safeguarded against potential threats.

Another standout characteristic of the P840 is its flexibility in configuration. It offers multiple port configurations, allowing for customization based on specific user needs. With options for both managed and unmanaged modes, the device can easily adapt to various network environments. This flexibility makes it suitable for diverse applications, including industrial automation, process control, and telecommunications.

The Perle P840 is designed for durability and reliability, featuring a rugged enclosure that can withstand demanding environments. Its solid-state components reduce the risk of failure, contributing to increased uptime and lower maintenance costs. Furthermore, the compact design allows for easy installation in tight spaces, making it a practical choice for various deployment scenarios.

In terms of management and monitoring, the P840 includes an intuitive web-based interface, enabling administrators to configure settings and monitor network performance effortlessly. SNMP support further enhances management capabilities, allowing for integration into larger network management systems.

Overall, the Perle P840 stands out as a powerful solution for enterprises seeking seamless connectivity, robust security, and flexibility in configuration. Its combination of advanced features and durable design makes it an ideal choice for industries requiring reliable serial and network connectivity in challenging environments. With the P840, businesses can build a resilient networking infrastructure that supports their growing demands while safeguarding their critical data.
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