Sony S9000ES manual High Accuracy Film Detection with Ffrf

1.High accuracy film detection with FFRF.

2.Dedicated microprocessor for motion detecting.

3.Separate 3-2 reverse conversion algorithms for video and film- originated DVDs.

4.Full 3-2 reverse conversion.

Together, these advances enable the Sony DVP-S9000ES to deliver more consistent, more satisfying, more seamless 525P output with a wider variety of discs. Flicker, motion artifacts and 3-2 cadence glitches are controlled. The visibility of scanning lines is minimized. Connect the DVP-S9000ES to a 525P- compatible television, monitor or projector and prepare to be amazed. You’ll approach the full glory of high definition picture quality — from today’s standard DVDs!

High Accuracy Film Detection with FFRF

Smooth 525P output depends on proper 3-2 reverse conversion. To accomplish this, the player must accurately reconstruct the 3- 2 cadence of the original master videotape. The key to achieving this is the sequence of First Field Repeat Flags (FFRFs) on the DVD. Most DVDs contain a complete set of FFRFs. But inconsistencies in videotape editing, MPEG encoding and DVD authoring can result in irregularity in the FFRF signal. As reviewers have already noticed, this can cause even highly regarded players to stumble, producing visible motion artifacts.

Sony’s DVP-S9000ES overcomes the problem. The player performs high-speed detection of missing flags, with flag look- ahead and non-contiguous point detection. The player then reconstructs missing flags, for smooth, uninterrupted playback of DVD movies.

Dedicated Microprocessor with Motion Detection

The FFRF signal is designed to be present in all film-originated DVDs — and absent from all video-originated DVDs. Yet even in the most extreme case, where a film-originated DVD contains no FFRFs at all, Sony’s dedicated microprocessor with motion detection can elicit full performance. The microprocessor can judge the correlation between fields very accurately, supplementing the FFRF detection system. As a result, the Sony DVP-S9000ES can read and reproduce even this worst-case disc in beautiful, stable 525P.

Separate Algorithms for Video and Film Originated DVDs

“A” and “B” fields originated on film represent a single slice of time and have no motion between them. “A” and “B” fields originated on video represent different slices of time and can have significant motion. For this reason, film and video require substantially different algorithms in Interlace-to-Progressive conversion. Conversion of film-originated DVDs can use relatively simple de-interlacing. Conversion of video-originated DVDs requires a more complex motion-adaptive algorithm.

The correct application of the video algorithm requires the precise identification of motion between pairs of video fields. The DVP-S9000ES accomplishes this with the motion detection microprocessor. It uses the external graphics memory of the I-to- P conversion circuit to read pixel-level motion of each field at high speed. Then the microprocessor instantly selects the appropriate conversion algorithm for video, for film or for still scenes with no motion.

	Fig. 3: At the top are the original
3-2 Reverse Conversion	film frames, showing a car
	moving down the street. Next
	comes the original 3-2
	pulldown. Simple frame
	memory reverse conversion
	results in a motion blur every
	time fields from different film
	frames are combined. (This
	occurs for two out of every five
	frames — or 40% of the time!)
	Sony’s DVP-S9000ES, bottom,
	uses full 3-2 reverse conversion,
	to preserve the integrity of the
	original film frames.

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