North Star 10000 PPG Installation, Load Application, Starting Electric Motors, 120V, 60 Hz Motors

INSTALLATION

OUTDOORS: Choose a location where the generator will not be exposed to rain, snow or direct sunlight. Position the generator on secure, level ground so it will not tip or slide down a hill. Place the generator so that the exhaust fumes will not be directed towards people.

The installation site must be free from water, moisture, or dust. All electrical components should be protected from excessive moisture or the insulation system will deteriorate and result in grounding or shorting out the generating system.

Foreign matters, such as dust, dirt, sand, lint, or abrasive materials can cause damage to the generator head and engine if allowed into its cooling system.

NEVER install your generator inside confined areas. Inside installation can cause health hazards or death.

DANGER Remember, exhaust fumes are deadly carbon monoxide gas, and must be vented to the outside where there are no people. Cooling air of sufficient amounts must be allowed to flow in and exhausted out to ensure proper cooling of the engine and generator head.

LOAD APPLICATION

It is important to determine the total electrical load before it is connected to the generator. The two major factors in determining the life of a generator head are: heat build up, caused by overloading the generator; and corrosive contaminants that attack the wiring insulation. If the generator is overloaded, the wires become excessively hot and cause the insulation to break down, reducing its ability to resist corrosive contaminants. Over time the effectiveness of the insulation is eliminated and a dead short can result.

Always compare the generator nameplate data with that of the equipment to be used to ensure that watts, volts, amperage, and frequency requirements are suitable for operating equipment. The wattage listed on the equipment nameplate is its rated output. However, some equipment may require three to ten times more wattage than its rating on the nameplate, as the wattage is influenced by the equipment efficiency, power factor and starting system. NOTE: If wattage is not given on equipment nameplate, approximate wattage may be determined by multiplying nameplate voltage by nameplate amperage.

VOLTS	X AMPS	= WATTS
Example: 120V	X 5A	= 600W
When connecting	a resistive load such as

incandescent lights, heaters or common electric power

tools, a capacity of up to the generator full rated wattage output can be used.

When connecting a resistive-inductive load such as a fluorescent or mercury light, transformers or inductive coils, a capacity of up to 0.6 times the generator’s full rated output can be used.

Always allow the generator to reach operating speed before a load is applied.

STARTING ELECTRIC MOTORS

Electric motors require much more current (amps) to start than to run. Some motors, particularly low cost split-phase motors, are very hard to start and require 5 to 7 times more current to start than to run. Capacitor motors are easier to start and usually require 2 to 4 times as much current to start as to run. Repulsion Induction motors are the easiest to start and require

1.5to 2.5 times as much to start as to run.

Most fractional motors take about the same

amount of current to run them whether they are of Repulsion-Induction (RI), Capacitor (Cap), or Split- Phase (SP) type. The following chart shows the approximate current required to start and run various types and sizes of 120 volt 60 cycle electric motors under various conditions.

120V, 60 Hz Motors			Starting Amps
Hp motor	Running	RI type		Cap type	SP type
	Watts
1/6	525	7-11		9-18	16-22
1/4	700	9-15		12-23	22-32
1/3	875	11-18		14-29	26-35
1/2	1175	15-25		20-40	NA
1	1925	24-40		32-64	NA
1 1/2	2400	30-50		40-80	NA
2	2900	36-60		48-96	NA
3	4075	51-85		68-136	NA
5	6750	84-140		112-224	NA

The figures given above are for an average load such as a blower or fan. If the electric motor is connected to a hard starting load, such as an air compressor, it will require more starting current. If it is connected to a light load, such as a power saw, it will require less starting current. The exact requirement will also vary with the brand or design of the motor.

Generators respond to severe overloading differently than the power line. When overloaded, the engine is not able to supply enough power to bring the electric motor up to operating speed. The generator responds to the high initial starting current, but the engine speed drops sharply. The overload may stall the engine. If allowed to operate at very low speeds, the electric motor starting winding will burn out in a short time. The generator head winding might also be damaged.

6