BIOS (Basic Input/Output System). BIOS is a set of routines that control how the computer transfers data between computer components, such as memory, disks, and the display adapter. The BIOS instructions are built into the computer’s read-only memory. BIOS parameters are configurable through the BIOS Setup program. You can update the BIOS using the AFLASH utility by copying a new BIOS file into the EEPROM.

Bit (Binary Digit). Represents the smallest unit of data used by the computer. A bit can have one of two values: 0 or 1.

Boot. Boot means to start the computer operating system by loading it into system memory. When the manual instructs you to “boot” your system (or computer), it means to turn ON your computer. “Reboot” means to restart your computer. When using Windows 95 or later, selecting “Restart” from “Start Shut Down...” will reboot your computer.

Bus Master IDE. PIO (Programmable I/O) IDE requires that the CPU be involved in IDE access and waiting for mechanical events. Bus master IDE transfers data to/from the memory without interrupting the CPU. Bus master IDE driver and bus master IDE hard disk drives are required to support bus master IDE mode.

Byte (Binary Term). One byte is a group of eight contiguous bits. A byte is used to represent a single alphanumeric character, punctuation mark, or other symbol.

Cache Memory. A type of RAM that allows a faster from the CPU than a regular RAM. The cache memory eliminates the CPU wait state. When the CPU reads data from the main memory, a copy of this data is stored in the cache memory. The next time the same address, the data is transferred from the cache memory instead of from the main memory.

CODEC (Compressor/Decompressor). A software component that translates video or audio between its uncompressed form and the compressed form in which it is stored.

COM Port. A connector with the accompanying circuitry that supports serial devices such as printers, mice, modems, and infrared modules. Each COM port is configured to use a different IRQ and address assignment. COM port is short for communication port, and is also called a serial port.

CPU (Central Processing Unit). The CPU, also called “Processor,” actually functions as the “brain” of the computer. It interprets and executes program commands and processes data stored in the system memory.

G-2Glossary