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PROBlEM POSSIBlE CAUSES
No crema Coffee grind is too coarse
Not enough coffee in the filter
Incorrect quantity of coffee
Not firmly tamped
Coffee is not fresh
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No steam is generated Machine is not turned on
Water tank is empty
Selector control not in ‘Steam’ position
Steam wand is blocked (see Care and Cleaning)
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Milk is not frothing Not enough steam
Milk is not fresh and cold
Incorrect technique (refer to How to texture Milk)
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CAPPUCCINO
A cappuccino has one-third espresso, one-third
milk and one-third foam. It is traditionally drunk
before noon. For added finesse, dust with
chocolate.
ESPRESSO
Intense and aromatic, an espresso or short
black as it’s also known. It is served in a small
cup or glass to a level of approximately 30mL.
CAFé lATTé
Served in a glass, a café latté consists of one-
third espresso, topped with steamed milk and
about 10mm of foam.
MACChIATO
Traditionally served short, the macchiato is also
poured as a long black with a dash of milk or a
dollop of foam.
lONG BlACK
Add hot water first, then a shot of espresso
(single or double) is added so that crema
is maintained.
RISTRETTO
Meaning restricted, a ristretto is an extremely
short espresso of approximately 15mL,
distinguished by its intense flavour
and aftertaste.