Given the system case in Figure 1.4 (Principles of Operation):

Average Concentration (Cavg) =

 

(Cf) 100 mg/L + (Cc) 146.9 mg/L

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Cavg) = 123.5 mg/L TDS

Rejection

=

 

(Cavg) 123.5 - (Cp) 6.2 x 100 = 95%

 

 

 

 

(Cavg) 123.5

 

 

 

 

Passage

=

 

(Cp) = 6.2

x 100 = 5.0%

 

 

 

(Cavg)

=

123.5

 

 

 

 

 

Recovery

=

 

(Qp) 2 gpm x 100 = 33%

 

 

 

 

(Qf) 6 gpm

 

 

 

 

 

Flow Description - The feed water passes through a replaceable 5-micron cartridge pre-filter which removes bulk suspended solids. Filtered water then flows to the inlet control valve. This solenoid-controlled diaphragm valve is wired to the ON/OFF switch and opens when the machine is turned ON, allowing water to flow to the pump inlet. When the machine is turned off, the valve closes, preventing non-turbulent flow through the membrane elements, which would lead to shortened membrane element life.

The pump feeds water to the membrane element housings arranged in parallel and serial combinations. The direction of water flow is indicated by an arrow on each membrane element housing. Water is separated by the membrane elements within the membranes and leaves the membrane element housings in two streams: permeate and concentrate.

Permeate from each membrane element housing is collected in a common manifold. The permeate then flows through a flow meter and to the outlet point of the machine.

The concentrate leaves the last membrane element housing and flows to the flow control center (recycle/concentrate manifold). At this point, the recycle valve channels a predetermined amount of concentrate into the pump inlet. Recycle increases recovery while maintaining adequate cross flow through the membrane elements. The other two ports of the flow control center lead to the concentrate valve and final pressure gauge. The concentrate valve has three functions: It controls the amount of concentrate flowing to the drain; it controls the pressure within the machine; and it helps control the system recov- ery. An Autoflush solenoid is added to the flow control center with an additional tee. The concentrate then flows through a flow meter and to the outlet point of the machine.

1.2Machine Nomenclature

GE Osmonics E-Series water purification machines are numbered in such a way as to indi- cate the permeate flow and quality you can expect from the machine.

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