HP 30s Scientific manual

HP 30S

Scientific Calculator

Basic operation

On and Off Oturns the calculator on; $[OFF] turns it off.

The calculator automatically turns off if no key is pressed for 9 minutes. Press Oto reactivate the calculator. The display, memory, and settings are retained.

Display The display comprises the entry line, the result line, and indicators.

Entry Line You can enter±up to 80 characters. Your entry scrolls to the left—and the indicator is displayed—when you enter 11 or more characters.

By default, the calculator is in overwrite mode. In overwrite mode the cursor is the underscore character (_) and any digit you enter appears at the cursor’s position. If there is a digit below the cursor, that digit is replaced by your new entry.

System Memory

Previous Entries The HP 30S keeps a record of all the entries you make (up to a maximum of 320 characters). These entries are retained even if you turn off the calculator.

Press nor oto scroll through the entries. You can reuse or edit a previous entry when it is on the entry line.

Last answer The last answer is stored automatically in memory. It is kept even if you turn the calculator off.

To retrieve the last answer, press $[ANS]. Ans appears on the entry line. Press \to see the value of the last answer.

You can also use the last answer in a new calculation by first pressing an operator key (+, -, etc). Ans appears on the entry line followed by the operator. You then complete the entry as you would normally.

Linear Solutions The results of solving a set of linear equations are stored in the variables X and Y.

Quadratic Solutions The results of solving a quadratic equation are stored in the variables X1 and X2, or Y1 and Y2.

User Memory

One-Off Change To override the default angle setting:

1.Enter the value.

2.Press $[DMS].

3.Select the unit you want.

4.Press \.

The units you can select are degrees(º), minutes ('), seconds (''), radians (r), grads (g), and degrees–minutes–seconds (¶DMS).

Angle Conversions

1.Change the default angle setting to what you want to convert to.

2.Enter the value of the unit to convert.

3.Press $[DMS].

4.Choose the units you are converting from.

5.Press \twice.

Rectangular and Polar Arithmetic

To find the polar attributes (r or θ) of a rectangular system (x,y) or vice versa, press $[H] and select an option. You can find r or θ by specifying x and y, or x or y by specifying r and θ.

Trigonometry

The Solutions menu appears with the x-value displayed on the result line. Press pto see the corresponding y-value. These solutions are stored in the variables X and Y. You can use these variables in further calculations.

You can also select a previous equation to reuse or edit. Press Ununtil that equation is on the entry line.

Quadratic Equation Solver

To solve a quadratic equation with real solutions:

1.Press !3.

2.Enter the equation. Express it in the form ax2 + bx + c=0. You can solve a quadratic equation in x or in y. If you are entering an equation in x, press $[@] to enter x; otherwise press $[]] to enter y. In both cases, press vto enter the second-order exponent.

3.Press \.

The Solutions menu appears with the first root (X1 or Y1) displayed on the result line. Press pto see the second root (X2 or Y2). These roots are stored in the variables X1 and X2, or Y1 and Y2. You can use these variables in further calculations.

You can also select a previous equation to reuse or edit. Press Ununtil that equation is on the entry line.

You can also set the calculator to insert mode. In insert mode			Memory variables There are five memory variables: A, B,
the cursor appears as ´		and any digit you enter is inserted to				EQN. You can store real numbers in variables A–D,
the left of the cursor. To activate insert mode, place the cursor			C,		D, and
			and store an expression in EQN.
where you want to insert a character and press $[INS]. To			You can also store real numbers in X, Y, X1, X2, Y1, and Y2;
deactivate insert mode, press an arrow key or $[INS] again.
Press por	/to move the cursor through an entry. To go		however, the values in these variables are replaced with linear
			equation and quadratic solutions.
directly to the first character, press $/. To go directly to the
			You store a number or expression in a variable by entering it,
last character, press $p. To delete a digit, press e(or, in
			pressing ?, selecting the variable from the Variables menu,
overwrite mode, just type over the digit).
			and pressing \.
Negative Numbers To enter a negative number, press
			Constant expression [K] A constant expression is any
Fbefore entering the digits.
Result Line The result of a calculation is displayed on the			combination of operators, functions, variables, and numbers
			that can be added to the end of an entry and be evaluated. A
result line (the bottom line of the display). Up to 10 digits can be			constant expression is useful if you want to apply the same
displayed, as well as a negative sign, decimal point, the ×10
			operation many times to different inputs.
indicator, and a positive or negative exponent. Calculation			To define (or modify) the constant expression, press $[K],
accuracy is up to 24 decimal places.
			enter the operators, functions, and numbers that you need, and
Indicators	These are displayed to indicate certain
			press \.
selections, states, or settings (see table below).			To use the constant expression, the K indicator needs to be
Indicator	Meaning		displayed. (If it is not displayed, press $[K].) Pressing \
			will now attach the constant expression to your input and
2nd	2nd set of function keys is active (see below).
			evaluate the result. For example, if your constant expression is
MODE	Mode selection is active.		“+ sin(30)”, entering 2 and pressing \yields 2.5, that is,
STAT	Statistics mode is active.		2 + sin(30).
			To return to normal operation, press $[K] again. The constant
ENG	Numbers are displayed in engineering notation.
			expression is retained for later use.
SCI	Numbers are displayed in scientific notation.
			Running memory Press #to add a result to running
DEG, RAD,	Angle setting is degrees, radians, or gradians
			memory. Press ;to subtract the value on the result line from
or GRAD	respectively.		running memory. To recall the value in running memory, press
FIX	Number of decimal places displayed is fixed.		:. To clear running memory, press :twice.
HYP	Hyperbolic trig function will be calculated.
				Recalling and Reusing Variables
LSOLV	Linear equation solver is active.
QSOLV	Quadratic equation solver is active.		You can recall, and reuse, the variables A, B, C, D, EQN, X, Y,
±	There are digits to the left or right of the display.		X1, X2, Y1, and Y2, or the values in these variables.
	°		n To recall the value of a variable, press $[RCL] and p
²³	There are earlier or later results that can be				until the variable is underlined.
	displayed.		n To recall the variable, press <and puntil the variable is
M	A number is stored in running memory.				underlined.
			To copy the variable or value to the entry line, press \.
–	Result is negative, or the entry line is full.
K	A constant expression can be defined or used.			Expressions
×10	Result is displayed in scientific or engineering
			You can create an expression using the variables A, B, C, D, X,
	notation. Exponent is displayed above indicator.
			X		, X , Y, Y , and Y —for example, 3A2 + 4B—and store that
'	Thousands separator (for numbers >= 1000).
			1		2	1	2
			expression in the variable EQN.

The HP 30S provides standard trigonometric functions—S, Z, b—inverse trigonometric functions—$[SIN–1], $[COS–1], $[TAN–1]—and hyperbolic functions—$HYP[ ] together with S, Z, b, $[SIN–1], $[COS–1], and $[TAN–1].

Fractions

nTo enter a fraction, enter the numerator, press V, and enter the denominator.

nTo enter a mixed fraction, enter the integer part, press V, enter the numerator, press V, and enter the denominator.

nTo convert between a decimal and fractional result, or vice versa, press $[_] and \.

nTo convert a mixed fraction to an improper fraction, or vice versa, press $[^] and \.

Probability

Pressing Pdisplays the Probability menu, with the following functions:

nPr	Calculates the number of possible permutations
	of n items taken r at a time.
nCr	Calculates the number of possible combinations
	of n items taken r at a time.

!Calculates the factorial of a specified positive integer n, where n <= 69.

RANDM Creates a random real number between 0 and 1.

RANDMI Creates a random integer between (and possibly including one of) two specified integers.

Statistics

Press !1to display the Statistics menu. The menu options are 1-VAR(for analyzing data in a single dataset), 2-VAR(for analyzing paired data from two datasets) and CLR-DATA(for clearing all datasets).

To enter data for statistical analysis:

1.From the Statistics menu, choose 1-VAR or 2-VAR.

2.Press *.

3.Enter an x-value and press o.

4.Enter the frequency of the x-value (in 1-VARmode) or the corresponding y-value (in 2-VARmode) and press o.

5.To enter more data, repeat from step 3.

Data is retained until you overwrite it or clear it. You clear data

Physical Constants

You can use a number of common physical constants in your calculations. To insert a constant at the cursor position:

1.Press cto display the Physical Constants menu.

2.Press puntil the constant you want is underlined (see table below).

3.Press \.

c	speed of light	299792458m.s–1
g	acceleration of gravity	9.80665m.s–2
G	gravitational constant	6.673 × 10–11m3kg–1s–2
V	molar volume of ideal gas	22.413996 × 10–3m3mol–1
m
N	Avogadro’s number	6.02214199	× 1023 mol–1
A
e	elementary charge	1.602176462 × 10–19C
m	electron mass	9.10938188	× 10–31kg
e
m	proton mass	1.67262158	× 10–27kg
p
m	neutron mass	1.67492716	× 10–27kg
n
R	molar gas constant	8.314472 J.mol–1K–1
h	Plank’s constant	6.62606876	× 10–34J.s
k	Boltzmann’s constant	1.3806503 × 10–23J.K–1

Source: National Institute of Standards and Technology, http://physics.nist.gov

Unit Conversion

1.Enter the value of the measurement you want to convert.

2.Press h.

3.Press oto scroll to the appropriate units menu. (There are menus covering distances, area, mass, volume, capacity, temperature, energy, and pressure.)

4.Press puntil the units you are converting from are underlined; then press \.

5.Press puntil the units you are converting to are underlined.

Error Messages

DIVIDE BY 0	Attempt to divide by zero.
DOM	Input is outside allowable limits.
OVERFLOW	Result is outside the calculator’s display limits.
STAT	Statistics key pressed but not in statistics mode.
SYN	Syntax error.
ARG	Inappropriate argument.

Order of Entry You enter numbers and operators in the same order as you write them in traditional arithmetic.

2nd Functions Functions represented by the labels on the faceplate are selected by first pressing $and then the key below the label. For example, to select the % function, press $-. (In this guide, labels are enclosed in square brackets. For example, an instruction to select the % function is indicated by $[%].)

Menus Many functions and settings are available on menus. A menu is a list of options displayed across the entry line. For example, pressing $[SCI/ENG] displays the menu for choosing the number display.

Choose an item from a menu by pressing por /until the item is underlined, and then press \.

To cancel a menu without choosing an item, press U. Modes There are four modes (or operating environments):

n0. Home (the default mode, used for common calculations)

n1. Statistics (STAT)

n2. Linear equation solver (L SOLV)

n3. Quadratic equation solver (Q SOLV).

Press !to display the Modes menu. To select a mode, press the number of the mode. Alternatively, press por /until the mode you want is underlined and then press \.

Contrast To change the display contrast, press !and then nor oas many times as is necessary. Press Uto close the Modes menu.

Order of Operations

1st	Expressions inside parentheses.
2nd	Conversion of coordinate notation.
3rd	Functions that are entered before their argument
	(such as LN, cos).
4th	Functions that are entered after their argument (such
	as x2).
5th	Roots ( x ) and exponentiation (^).
6th	Fractions.
7th	π, random numbers, and physical constants.
8th	+/–
9th	Implied multiplication preceding functions that are
	entered before their argument.
10th	Combinations (nCr) and permutations (nPr).
11th	Multiplication, other implied multiplication, and
	division.
12th	Addition and subtraction.
13th	All other conversions.

You store an expression in the same way that you store a value, but always store it in the variable named EQN.

To evaluate a stored expression, press </\\. You are prompted to specify a value for each variable in the expression. Enter a value and press \.The expression is evaluated and the answer displayed on the result line.

Clearing Data and Settings

Un Clears the entry line.

n Clears an error message. n Clears a menu.

$[CL-VAR]	Clears all memory variables
	except EQN.
$[CL-EQN]	Clears the contents of EQN.
!1/\	Clears statistics data.

$[RESET] p\ Returns calculator to its default settings. Clears variables, EQN, pending operations, running memory, constant expression, statistical data, and Ans.

Notation

Decimal Places Press $[FIX] to display the Decimal Places menu. Press puntil the number of decimal places you want to see displayed is underlined, and then press \. (The default setting is F: floating point notation.)

To round a number to the number of decimal places you have fixed, press $[RND], enter the number (or expression that evaluates to a number), and press \.

Number Display Press $[SCI/ENG] to display the Number Display menu. The items on this menu are FLO (for floating point), SCI (for scientific), and ENG (for engineering). Press puntil the type of display you want is underlined, and then press \.

You can also enter a number in mantissa-and-exponent format (that is, as a number and a power of 10). Enter the number, press E, enter the power of 10, and press \.

Angle Settings

Changing the Default Setting Angle units can be degrees, radians, or grads. The initial default setting is degrees. To change this to another setting, press X, select the unit you want, and press \. The angle setting becomes the new default and remains until you change it again.

by selecting CLR-DATAfrom the Statistics menu. To analyze data you have entered:

1.Press J. A range of statistical variables (see table below) is displayed on the Statistical Results menu. The first variable (n) is underlined and its value is on the result line.

2.Press pto scroll through the Statistical Results menu (skipping any error messages that appear). The value of each variable is displayed on the result line.

3.To use a value in a calculation, press \when the value is displayed. The variable is copied to the entry line.

4.In 2-VARmode, to predict a value for x (or y) given a value for y (or x), select the x' (or y') variable, press \, enter the given value, and press \again.

VariableMeaning

nNumber of x values or x–ypairs entered.

x or y	Mean of the x values or y values.
Sx or Sy	Sample standard deviation.
¸x or ¸y	Population standard deviation.
∑x or ∑y	Sum of all x values or y values.
∑x2 or ∑y2	Sum of all x2 values or y2 values.
∑xy	Sum of (x × y) for all x–ypairs.

aLinear regression y-intercept.

bLinear regression slope.

rCorrelation coefficient.

x'	Predicted x value given a, b, and a y value.
y'	Predicted y value given a, b, and an x value.

To view or change data:

1.Press *.

2.Press oto scroll through the data you have entered.

3.To change an entry, display it and enter the new data. The new data you enter overwrites the old entry. Press oor \to save the change.

To exit the statistics application, press !and choose another option.

Linear System Solver

To solve a set of linear equations:

1.Press !2.

2.Enter the first equation (pressing $[@] and $[]] to enter x and y respectively).

The equation can be entered as ax +by =c or y = mx + b.

3.Press $[,] to separate the two equations.

4.Enter the second equation (as ax + by = c or y = mx + b).

5.Press \.

SAVE Cannot store variable or EQN in current mode.

FREQ DOMAIN Frequency is not 0 or a positive integer.

MULTI SOLS There is more than one solution.

NO SOLUTION There is no solution.

NO REAL SOL There is no real solution.

EQU LENGTH Input plus constant expression is greater than 80 characters.

Troubleshooting

If the calculator will not turn on, press #ctogether. If the calculator still doesn’t turn on, replace the batteries.

If the calculator is on but you get unexpected results, press

$[RESET]p\. If problems persist, run the self-test.

Self-testPress $[RESET], and hold down $Fand e. When the Test menu appears, press 1and then press

\three times. If error messages are displayed during the test, the calculator needs a service. Press X\\to cancel the test.

Replacing batteries Push down on the battery compartment cover and slide it off. Replace the two button-cell batteries with new batteries. Use LR44 silver oxide batteries. (Equivalent batteries are G13 and 357.) Do not use

rechargeable batteries.

If problems persist after you have replaced the batteries, the calculator needs a service. For service information, refer to the warranty statement enclosed with this product.

Faceplates

To install a faceplate, insert the top locating lugs into the holes provided beneath the !and Okeys, and press down.

To remove a faceplate, press on the snap visible through the opening on the bottom edge of the calculator.

Disclaimer

This manual and any examples contained herein are provided as-is and are subject to change without notice. Except to the extent prohibited by law, Hewlett-Packard Company makes no express or implied warranty of any kind with regard to this guide and specifically disclaims the implied warranties and conditions of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and Hewlett-Packard Company shall not be liable for any errors or for incidental or consequential damage in connection with the furnishing, performance or use of this manual and the examples herein.

© Copyright 1999-2000 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.

Part Number F1900-90001 English

Printed in China Revision 1.1