White 1570 manual From bottom, Horizontally, Stitch Forma, Better, Improve, Ment, But, Iockstitch

THIS	INSTRUCTION		MANUAL			IS	DESIGNED TO
							UNDERSTAND
GIVE	BASIC	INFORMATION,				TO
								MACHINE,
THE	FUNCTIONS		OF	A	SEWING
THREAD, AND		NEEDLES.

A

B

For

sewing

a

normal

seam,

the

material

must

be

fed

regularly

for

the

formation

of

each

stitch.

The feed dog

does

the

conveying,

together

with

the

presser

bar

on

.

which a presser foot

has been

fastened

Feed

Dog

cloth

on

for a

The

task

of

the

feed

dog

is

to move

the

certain

distance

after

each

stitch.

This

distance,

called

adjusted

by means

of

stitch

length,

can

be

accurately

.

a lever

or a

knob,

which

acts on

the feed mechanism

The

feed

dog

is

equipped

with

small,

sharp

teeth.

Fig. 1

shows the most common types

of

feed

dogs.

A.

B.

			Fig.		2
A thread	is	-twist if,			when		held	horizontally,	the
		left							to
individual	strands		slant		to	the	left	from bottom
top.
A thread	is	-twist if,			when		held	horizontally,	the
		right						from bottom	to
individual	strands		slant	to		the	right
top.

A.

The “L” common

				F
		Fig.	1
shaped	feed		dog	is the	oldest	type	and
							.
to sewing		machines		with	vibrating
						shuttles

A.

Parts

Necessary

for Forming a Stitch

-—Stitch

Forma

tion.

1.

The

Needle:

Aim:

To

become

acquainted

with the

structure

of

the

sewing

machine needle

in

detail,

so

as

later

on

to

be

able

to

understand

better

how

the

stitch

is

formed.

Different systems and

sizes.

As has

already

been

mentioned,

needles

have

existed

since

horn,

the

most

ancient

times. They

were made

of

thorns,

were

fish-bones,

gold

and

ivory.

The

first steel

rteedles

.

made in Germany

The

needle with

the

eye

near

the point became

more

It

has

the disadvantage

that

it

does not

feed

all

kinds

evenly.

of

work,

such

as

f ii.

collar points,

on

B.

The

“H”

shaped

feed

dog,

with

a row

of

teeth

either

side

of

the

needle

plate hole, is

an

improve

ment

on

the

former,

but

does

not feed

narrow strips

or

hems well.

the

C.

The

“M”

and

“0”

shaped

feed

dogs

guarantee

uniform

feed

of

any kind

of

work

or

material

.

Twist of

the

Thread

twist

of

the

Depending

on

the

kind

of

shuttle

used,

the

thread

is

of

a certain

importance.

If

thread

with

a

right

-hand

twist

is

used,

it

will unravel

to

the

direction

slightly,

when

the

stitch

is

formed,

due

of

rotation

of

the

shuttle.

This

naturally

reduces

the

tensile

strength

of

the thread

.

For sewing,

the

question,

of

lesser

whether

left-

or

right-

hand

twist

is used,

is

to use

importance.

t

is

strongly recommended, however,

left-twist

thread

for

darning

with fine

thread.

is

best

The difference

between

the

two

kinds

of

twist

determined

in

the following

manner:

widely

used

with

the

introduction

of

the

Iockstitch

sewing

machine.

At

first,

each

manufacturer used a needle

which

could

only be

used

on his

own

models.

The differ

ent

kinds

of

needles

have

since

been

standardized by an

International

Agreement,

2000 rliffer

Needle

Systems

There

exist

approximately

ent

types

of

needles,

amongst

which

system

705 (U.S.A.:

style 15

x

1) is

the

most

frequently

used

for

household

sewing

.

This

needle

is

also

used

for

the ELNA!

machines

WHITE and

is described

below

in

detail:

S

A

D

C

F

G

Fig. 3

A)

eye

C)

body

E)

short

groove

B)

point

0) shaft

F)

long

groove

G)

flat

—5—