Yamaha PSR-A1000 - page 141

Using Your PSR-A1000 with Other Devices

141

PSR-A1000

■Example Keyboard Data

Panel operations on the PSR-A1000, such as playing the

keyboard and selecting voices, are processed and stored

as MIDI data. The auto accompaniment styles and songs

also consist of MIDI data.

MIDI is an acronym that stands for Musical Instrument

Digital Interface, which allows electronic musical

instruments to communicate with each other, by sending

and receiving compatible Note, Control Change, Program

Change and various other types of MIDI data, or

messages.

The PSR-A1000 can control a MIDI device by transmitting

note related data and various types of controller data.The

PSR-A1000 can be controlled by incoming MIDI

messages which automatically determine the tone

generator mode, select MIDI channels, voices and effects,

change parameter values and of course play the voices

speciﬁed for the various parts.

MIDI messages can be divided into two groups: Channel

messages and System messages.

■Channel Messages

The PSR-A1000 is an electronic instrument that can

handle 16 channels (or 32 channels, when using the TO

HOST terminal). This is usually expressed as “it can play

16 instruments at the same time.” Channel messages

transmit information such as Note ON/OFF, Program

Change, for each of the 16 channels.

MIDI channels

MIDI performance data is assigned to one of sixteen

MIDI channels. Using these channels, 1 - 16, the

performance data for sixteen different instrument parts

can be simultaneously sent over one MIDI cable.

Think of the MIDI channels as TV channels. Each TV

station transmits its broadcasts over a speciﬁc

channel.Your home TV set receives many different

programs simultaneously from several TV stations and

you select the appropriate channel to watch the desired

program.

MIDI operates on the same basic principle. The

transmitting instrument sends MIDI data on a speciﬁc

MIDI channel (MIDI Transmit Channel) via a single

MIDI cable to the receiving instrument. If the receiving

instrument’s MIDI channel (MIDI Receive Channel)

matches the Transmit Channel, the receiving instrument

will sound according to the data sent by the

transmitting instrument.

For example, several tracks (channels) can be

transmitted simultaneously, including the style data (as

shown below).

Example: Recording the auto accompaniment of the PSR-A1000 to

an external sequencer

Voice number (with what voice) 01 (grand piano)

Note number (with which key) 60 (C3)

Note on (when was it pressed)

and

note off (when was it released)

Timing expressed numerically

(quarter note)

Velocity (about how strong) 120 (strong)

Message Name PSR-A1000 Operation/Panel Setting

Note ON/OFF Messages which are generated when the

keyboard is played. Each message includes

a speciﬁc note number which corresponds

to the key which is pressed, plus a velocity

value based on how hard the key is played.

Program Change Voice selecting (control change bank select

MSB/LSB setting)

Control Change Volume, panpot (Mixing Console), etc.

MIDI data has the following advantages over audio data:

•The amount of data is much less, letting you easily store MIDI

songs to ﬂoppy disk.

•The data can be effectively and easily edited, even to the point of

changing voices and transforming the data.

The performance data of all songs and styles is handled as MIDI

data.

Weather Report

News

MIDI transmit channel 2 MIDI receive channel 2

MIDI

cable

The PSR-A1000’s keyboard and internal tone generator are also

connected by MIDI (page 129).

MIDI cable or

serial cable

PSR-A1000 track (channnel)

MAIN

LAYER

LEFT

STYLE instrument

External sequencer

Track 1

Track 2

Track 3

Track 4

Track 5

Track 6

Track 7

Track 8

Track 9

Track 10

Track 11

Channel 1

Channel 2

Channel 3

Channel 4

Channel 5

Channel 6

Channel 7

Channel 8

Channel 9

Channel 10

Channel 11