Cisco Systems uBR7200 manual Tag Switching, Netflow Switching, MC-527

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Configuring Headend Broadband Access Router Features

QoS Features

Source and destination TCP/UDP port numbers

IP protocol type

Type of Service (ToS) field

TCP flags

Source and destination autonomous system numbers

Source and destination subnet masks

Tag Switching

Tag switching is a Cisco-developed technology that implements a next-generation architecture for the Internet backbone and large intranets. Tags placed on the fronts of packets contain forwarding information used for making switching decisions and applying network services.

Tag switching has become the foundation for flexible Layer 3 virtual private networks (VPNs), QoS handling, and traffic engineering. It also forms the basis for the emerging Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard for Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS).

A tag switching infrastructure combines with advanced routing protocol capabilities to define IP VPNs by selectively advertising IP reachability information to just those subscribers within the same VPN or extranet, thus keeping different VPN traffic logically separate. The subscribers are then all connected via tag switch paths (TSPs).

Forwarding is based entirely upon the assigned tag values (rather than IP destination prefixes), eliminating the requirement for uniqueness in the IP addresses that are used. This feature means subscribers to different VPNs need not concern themselves with the problems that would otherwise occur when connecting networks with different subnetworks into an integrated network.

Netflow Switching

NetFlow switching is a high-performance, network-layer switching path that provides network administrators with access to “call detail recording” information from their data networks; this information includes details such as user, protocol, port, ToS information, and the duration of the communication. This data can be used for a variety of purposes, including billing, enterprise accounting, network planning and performance analysis, QoS bandwidth management, security policies, and data warehousing/mining for marketing purposes.

The collected NetFlow data is sent out via UDP packets to a workstation running the Netflow Flowcollector server, which can collect data from multiple routers for later analysis by a user running the Netflow Flowanalyzer application. Through the NetFlow Data Export feature, traffic information can also be passed to external applications that perform functions such as billing or network performance analysis.

NetFlow also provides a highly efficient mechanism that can process security access lists without incurring the same performance penalty as other available switching methods. In conventional switching at the network layer, each incoming packet is handled on an individual basis with a series of functions to perform access list checks, capture accounting data, and switch the packet. In contrast, after NetFlow switching identifies a flow and processes the access list for the first packet of the flow, all subsequent packets are handled on a “connection-oriented” basis as part of the flow. This process avoids further access list checks on the flow, and packet switching and statistics capture are performed in tandem.

Cisco IOS Multiservice Applications Configuration Guide

MC-527

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Contents MC-519 Configuring Headend Broadband Access Router FeaturesMC-520 Headend OverviewTopology of a Typical Broadband Network Voice over IP Services MC-523 Telco ReturnTOD MC-524Service Class Profiles QoS FeaturesMultiple Service IDs MC-525TAG/NetFlow Switching QoS Profile EnforcementMC-526 Tag Switching Netflow SwitchingMC-527 Weighted Random Early Detection Security FeaturesWeighted Fair Queueing Committed Access Rate CARDocsis Baseline Privacy Cable Modem and Multicast Authentication Using RadiusUpstream Address Verification MC-529Operations and Provisioning Features Traffic Shaping FeaturesDynamic Ranging MC-530Burst Profile Configuration Downstream Channel ID ConfigurationDownstream Frequency Override CPE LimitationSpectrum Management MC-533 Headend Broadband Access Router Configuration PrerequisitesMC-534 Headend Broadband Access Router Configuration TasksCMTS01# configure terminal Configuring the Downstream Cable InterfaceCMTS01config# interface cable 6/0 Activating the Downstream CarrierTroubleshooting Tips Setting the Downstream Center FrequencyVerifying the Downstream Carrier MC-536CMTS01config-if#cable downstream frequency Verifying the Downstream Center FrequencyMC-537 Setting the Downstream Mpeg Framing Format Annex B Setting the Downstream Channel IDVerifying the Downstream Channel ID MC-538Verifying the Downstream Mpeg Framing Format Setting the Downstream ModulationVerifying the Downstream Modulation MC-539CMTS01config-if#cable downstream interleave-depth Setting the Downstream Interleave DepthVerifying the Downstream Interleave Depth MC-540Setting the Downstream Helper Address Verifying the Downstream Helper AddressMC-541 MC-542 Setting Downstream Rate LimitingConfiguring the Upstream Cable Interface Verifying Downstream Rate LimitingMC-543 MC-544 Setting the Upstream FrequencyVerifying the Upstream Frequency MC-545CMTS01# show controllers cable 6/0 u0 Verifying Upstream Channel Width Setting the Upstream Channel WidthMC-546 Channel-width widthMC-547 Setting the Upstream Input Power LevelActivating Upstream Admission Control Verifying the Upstream Input Power LevelVerifying Upstream Admission Control MC-548MC-549 Activating Upstream FECSpecifying Upstream Minislot Size Router# more systemrunning-configVerifying Upstream FEC MC-550Activating the Upstream Scrambler Verifying Upstream Minislot SizeMC-551 CMTS01# more systemrunning-config CMTS01config-if#cable upstream usport scramblerVerifying the Upstream Scrambler MC-552Activating Upstream Rate Limiting Activating Upstream Differential EncodingVerifying Upstream Differential Encoding MC-553CMTS01config-if#no cable upstream usport rate-limit Verifying Upstream Rate LimitingMC-554 Activating Upstream Frequency Adjustment Frequency-adjust averaging percentageMC-555 Activating Upstream Power Adjustment Verifying Upstream Frequency AdjustmentMC-556 Verifying Upstream Power Adjustment Activating Upstream Timing AdjustmentMC-557 Continue secondsVerifying Upstream Timing Adjustment Activating the Upstream PortsMC-558 Setting Upstream Backoff Values Verifying the Upstream PortsMC-559 MC-560 CMTS01config-if#cable upstream usport rangeData-backoff start end Data-backoff automaticConfiguring and Activating Baseline Privacy Verifying Upstream Data Backoff AutomaticMC-561 Configuring KEK Privacy CMTS01config-if#cable privacy kek grace-timeMC-562 Verifying KEK Privacy Configuring TEK PrivacyVerifying TEK Privacy MC-563Activating Baseline Privacy Configuring and Activating Frequency AgilityVerifying Baseline Privacy MC-564MC-565 Combiner GroupsMC-566 Frequency Management PolicyMC-567 Determining the Upstream Ports Assigned to a Combiner GroupCreating Spectrum Groups Configuring and Activating Spectrum GroupsVerifying Spectrum Groups MC-568MC-569 Command PurposeMC-570 Verifying Spectrum Group Configuration Verifying Frequency HoppingMC-571 MC-572 Configuring Spectrum Group CharacteristicsCMTS01config# cable spectrum-group groupnum hop Verifying Spectrum Group CharacteristicsMC-573 Threshold percentAssigning the Spectrum Group and the Upstream Ports Activating IP Address Resolution ProtocolActivating Cable ARP Requests Verifying Spectrum Group and Upstream Port AssignmentsActivating Host-to-Host Communication Proxy ARP Verifying ARP RequestsMC-575 Activating Cable Proxy ARP Requests Configuring Dhcp OptionsActivating Cable Relay Agent Verifying Cable Proxy ARP RequestsActivating Dhcp giaddr Verifying Dhcp giaddr ActivationMC-577 Setting Optional IP Parameters Setting Service OptionsConfiguring ToD Service Verifying ToD ServiceActivating IP Broadcast Echo Activating IP Multicast EchoVerifying IP Multicast Echo MC-579Configuring Cable Modulation Profiles Configuring Cable ProfilesVerifying IP Broadcast Echo MC-580MC-581 Number profileConfiguring QoS Profiles Verifying Cable Modulation ProfilesMC-582 MC-583 Verifying QoS ProfilesEnforcing a QoS Profile Assignment Setting QoS PermissionVerifying QoS Permission MC-584Managing Cable Modems on the HFC Network Verifying a QoS Profile AssignmentMC-585 Configuring Telco Return Configuring Sync Message IntervalActivating Cable Modem Authentication Verifying Sync Message IntervalVerifying Cable Modem Authentication Activating Cable Modem Upstream Address VerificationMC-587 Activating Cable Modem Insertion Interval CMTS01config-if#cable source-verify dhcpVerifying Cable Modem Upstream Address Verification MC-588CMTS01config-if#cable insertion-interval automatic Verifying Cable Modem Insertion IntervalMC-589 Configuring Cable Modem Registration Timeout Verifying the Maximum Number of HostsMC-590 Clearing and Resetting Cable Modems Verifying Registration TimeoutMC-591 Verifying Cable Modem Clearing and Resetting Clearing Cable Modem CountersMC-592 Verifying that Cable Modem Counters are Cleared Using Ping DocsisVerifying Ping Docsis MC-593MC-594 Spectrum Management Configuration ExampleMC-595 Virtual Private Network Configuration ExampleMC-596 MC-597 Ip http server Ip http authentication local No cdp runMC-598 VoIP Configuration ExampleIp subnet-zero No ip domain-lookup MC-599MC-600 Telco Return Configuration ExampleMC-601 Cable telco-return enableCable Modem all reset QoS Profile Enforcement Configuration ExampleMC-602 Cable RegSetting Cable Flap List Aging Troubleshooting Using Cable Flap ListsCMTS01config# cable flap-list aging days MC-603Setting Cable Flap List Power Adjustment Threshold Setting Cable Flap List Insertion TimeVerifying Cable Flap List Aging Verifying Cable Flap List Insertion TimeVerifying Cable Flap List Power Adjustment Threshold Setting Cable Flap List Miss ThresholdCMTS01config# cable flap-list miss-threshold misses Verifying Cable Flap List Miss ThresholdClearing Cable Flap List Setting Cable Flap List SizeVerifying Cable Flap List Size MC-606
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