Cisco Systems 3.5 manual Understanding Replication, Replication Overview

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C H A P T E R 4

Understanding Replication

This chapter describes Cisco Access Registrar's configuration replication features, functions, limitations and operation.

Replication Overview

Cisco Access Registrar replication feature can maintain identical configurations on multiple machines simultaneously. When replication is properly configured, changes an administrator makes on the primary or master machine are propagated by Cisco Access Registrar to a secondary or slave machine.

Replication eliminates the need to have administrators with multiple Cisco Access Registrar installations make the same configuration changes at each of their installations. Instead, only the master's configuration need be changed and the slave is automatically configured eliminating the need to make repetitive, error-prone configuration changes for each individual installation. In addition to enhancing server configuration management, using replication eliminates the need for a hot-standby machine.

Using a hot-standby machine is a common practice to provide more fault-tolerance where a fully-installed and configured system stands ready to takeover should the primary machine fail. However, a system setup for hot-standby is essentially an idle machine only used when the primary system fails. Hot-standby or secondary servers are expensive resources. Employing Cisco Access Registrar's replication feature, both servers may perform RADIUS request processing simultaneously, eliminating wasted resources.

The replication feature focuses on configuration maintenance only, not session information or installation-specific information such as Administrator, Interface, Replication or Advanced machine-specific configuration changes. These configuration items are not replicated because they are specific to each installation and are not likely to be identical between master and slave. While changes to Session Managers, Resource Manager, and Remote Servers are replicated to the slave and stored in the slave's configuration database, they are not hot-configured on the slave (see Hot Configuration Detailed below for more information)

Changes should be made only on the master server. Making changes on a slave server will not be replicated and may result in an unstable configuration on the slave. Any changes made using replication will not be reflected in existing aregcmd sessions. aregcmd only loads its configuration at start up; it is not dynamically updated. For example, if aregcmd is running on the slave, and on the master aregcmd is used to add a client, the new client, while correctly replicated and hot-configured, will not be visible in the slave's aregcmd until aregcmd is exited and restarted.

Cisco Access Registrar 3.5 Concepts and Reference Guide

 

OL-2683-02

4-1

 

 

 

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Contents Corporate Headquarters Cisco Access Registrar 3.5 Concepts and Reference GuideCisco Access Registrar 3.5 Concepts and Reference Guide Iii N T E N T SSession-Service Service Step and Radius-Session Service Replication’s Impact on Request Processing IPAddress Port Understanding Snmp Vii Accounting Start Data FlowViii World Wide Web Obtaining DocumentationCisco.com Obtaining Technical AssistanceOrdering Documentation Documentation FeedbackContacting TAC by Using the Cisco TAC Website Technical Assistance CenterContacting TAC by Telephone Xii Radius Protocol OverviewPacket Exchange Between User, NAS, and Radius Steps to ConnectionTypes of Radius Messages Packet ContentsAttribute Dictionary Proxy ServersProxying to an Ldap Server for Authentication Basic Authentication and AuthorizationOverview Basic Authentication and Authorization Cisco Access Registrar Hierarchy Understanding Cisco Access RegistrarScripts ServicesUserLists and Groups ProfilesSession Management Using Resource Managers Cisco AR Directory Structure Program FlowSubdirectory Description Action Explanation Scripting PointsClient or NAS Scripting Points Cisco AR Server Action ExplanationRadius/Advanced/RequireNASsBehindProxyBeInClie Authentication and/or Authorization Scripting PointsFailover by the NAS and Session Management Session ManagementAuthentication/Authorization Scripts Script Processing HierarchyIncoming Scripts Cross Server Session and Resource Management OverviewOutgoing Scripts Configuring a Front Line Cisco Access Registrar Session-Service Service Step and Radius-Session ServiceConfigure Central AR OL-2683-02 Using Cisco AR Scripts ACMEOutgoingScriptAltigaIncomingScript AscendIncomingScript AuthorizeServiceAltigaOutgoingScript ANAAAOutgoingCiscoIncoming AuthorizeTelnetCabletronIncoming CabletronOutgoingExecNASIPRule ExecTimeRuleExecDNISRule ExecFilterRuleParseAAASRealm LDAPOutageMapSourceIPAddress ParseAAARealmParseServiceAndAASRealmHints ParseServiceAndAAARealmHintsParseServiceAndAAASRealmHints ParseServiceAndAARealmHintsParseTranslationGroupsByRealm ParseServiceHintsParseTranslationGroupsByCLID ParseTranslationGroupsByDNISUSROutgoingScript Replication Overview Understanding ReplicationHow Replication Works Replication Data FlowMaster Server Slave Server SecurityReplication Archive Ensuring Data IntegrityTransaction Data Verification Transaction OrderAutomatic Resynchronization Replication’s Impact on Request Processing Replication Configuration SettingsUnderstanding Hot-Configuration Full ResynchronizationMaster RepTypeRepTransactionSyncInterval RepTransactionArchiveLimitRepIPMaster RepIPAddressRepPort RepSecretIPAddress Rep Members SubdirectoryRep Members/Slave1 NameSupported MIBs OverviewRADIUS-AUTH-SERVER-MIB Snmp TrapsCarInputQueueFull Supported TrapsCarServerStart CarServerStopCarOtherAuthServerNotResponding CarOtherAuthServerRespondingCarOtherAccServerNotResponding Directories Searched Configuring TrapsCarOtherAccServerResponding CarAccountingLoggingFailureSwitching Configuration Files in Mid-File Configuration File TypesCommunity String OL-2683-02 Prepaid Billing Solution Measurements and Component Actions Configuring Prepaid Billing Call Flow Details Generic Call FlowAttribute Number Attribute Name Description Access-Request AuthenticationAccess-Accept Authentication Access-Request AuthorizationAccess-Accept Authorization Accounting Start Data FlowAttribute Number Attribute Name Accept-Accept Quota Depleted Access-Request Quota DepletedAccounting Response Final Status Accounting Stop Session EndSource VSA Name Type Call Flow Description Vendor-Specific AttributesTotal Volume quota received by Crbprivate GL-1 O S S a R YGL-2 Scalable wholesale access/open access solutionGL-3 GL-4 GL-5 GL-6 GL-7 GL-8 GL-9 GL-10 IN-1 RadiusIN-2 RFCIN-3 IN-4
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3.5 specifications

Cisco Systems 3.5 is an advanced version of Cisco's renowned networking and security solutions. This iteration showcases significant enhancements in performance, scalability, and security, making it a preferred choice for enterprises aiming to optimize their network operations and bolster their cybersecurity posture.

One of the main features of Cisco Systems 3.5 is its enhanced network automation capabilities. Automation streamlines network management, allowing organizations to apply consistent policies across their infrastructure while minimizing human error. This version employs advanced algorithms and machine learning to predict and rectify network issues proactively. With automation tools, network administrators can configure, monitor, and troubleshoot their networks with unprecedented efficiency.

Another notable characteristic of Cisco Systems 3.5 is its integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning into networking processes. The incorporation of AI enhances decision-making by analyzing vast amounts of network data, identifying patterns, and offering insights that help ensure optimal performance. This predictive analytics capability allows organizations to predict potential disruptions before they impact operations.

Security is a major focus in Cisco Systems 3.5. The platform introduces advanced threat detection and response systems that utilize deep learning to identify and mitigate emerging threats in real-time. Enhanced encryption protocols ensure that data transmitted over the network remains secure, protecting sensitive information from cyber threats. The integrated security features ensure compliance with various regulatory standards, a crucial requirement for businesses across multiple sectors.

The platforms' support for Software-Defined Networking (SDN) allows for dynamic resource allocation and traffic management. This flexibility enables organizations to adjust their network resources quickly in response to changing demands, leading to improved efficiency and reduced operational costs. Cisco Systems 3.5 also supports multicloud environments, facilitating seamless integration with cloud services such as AWS, Google Cloud, and Microsoft Azure.

Moreover, Cisco Systems 3.5 offers robust telemetry features, providing detailed real-time insights into network performance and health. This data-driven approach allows organizations to make informed decisions regarding capacity planning and resource optimization.

In summary, Cisco Systems 3.5 combines cutting-edge technologies such as AI, machine learning, and SDN to deliver a comprehensive networking solution. With its focus on automation, enhanced security, and multicloud support, this version is well-suited for modern enterprises looking to enhance their network infrastructure and security measures. As organizations continue to evolve in a digital-centric world, Cisco Systems 3.5 stands out as a critical tool to achieve connectivity and security goals effectively.
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