Citrix Systems 4.2 manual Cloud Infrastructure Concepts

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Chapter 3. Cloud Infrastructure Concepts

The benefit of organizing infrastructure into zones is to provide physical isolation and redundancy. For example, each zone can have its own power supply and network uplink, and the zones can be widely separated geographically (though this is not required).

A zone consists of:

One or more pods. Each pod contains one or more clusters of hosts and one or more primary storage servers.

(Optional) If zone-wide primary storage is desired, a zone may contain one or more primary storage servers, which are shared by all the pods in the zone. (Supported for KVM and VMware hosts)

Secondary storage, which is shared by all the pods in the zone.

Zones are visible to the end user. When a user starts a guest VM, the user must select a zone for their guest. Users might also be required to copy their private templates to additional zones to enable creation of guest VMs using their templates in those zones.

Zones can be public or private. Public zones are visible to all users. This means that any user may create a guest in that zone. Private zones are reserved for a specific domain. Only users in that domain or its subdomains may create guests in that zone.

Hosts in the same zone are directly accessible to each other without having to go through a firewall. Hosts in different zones can access each other through statically configured VPN tunnels.

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Contents Page Page Getting More Information and Help Upgrade InstructionsInstallation ConceptsInstalling XenServer for CloudPlatform 101 User InterfaceSteps to Provisioning Your Cloud Infrastructure Installing KVM for CloudPlatform 111 Installing VMware for CloudPlatform 117Bare Metal Installation 135 Installing Oracle VM OVM for CloudPlatform 155 Network Setup 161Choosing a Deployment Architecture 157 Amazon Web Service Interface 177 Additional Installation Options 183Viii Citrix Knowledge Center Contacting Support Getting More Information and HelpAdditional Documentation Available ChapterPage What Can CloudPlatform Do? What Is CloudPlatform?Concepts Multiple Hypervisor SupportDeployment Architecture Overview Management Server Overview Cloud Infrastructure OverviewNetworking Overview More InformationFor more details, see , Network Setup Page Cloud Infrastructure Concepts About RegionsAbout Zones Cloud Infrastructure Concepts About Pods About Clusters About Hosts About Primary StorageAbout Secondary Storage About Physical NetworksBasic Zone Network Traffic Types Basic Zone Guest IP Addresses Advanced Zone Network Traffic TypesAdvanced Zone Guest IP Addresses All zones Advanced Zone Public IP AddressesSystem Reserved IP Addresses A zone that uses advanced networkingPage Upgrade Instructions Upgrade from 3.0.x toHypervisor Description Systemvmtemplate-2013-06-12-master-kvm.qcow2.bz2 Upgrade from 3.0.x to # service cloud-usage stop Copy the *.rpmnew file to create a new file. For example Iii. Update the existing password with the encrypted one Vii. Confirm that the table is updated Start the agent XenServer or KVM Upgrade from 2.2.x to Hypervisor Description Systemvmtemplate-2013-06-12-master-kvm.qcow2.bz2 Upgrade Name=rhel63 Baseurl=url-of-your-rhel6.3-repo Upgrade the host operating system from Rhel 6.0 to Copy the *.rpmnew file to create a new file. For example Update the agent software Restart libvirtd XenServer or KVM Upgrade from 2.1.x to Upgrading and Hotfixing XenServer Hypervisor HostsUpgrading to a New XenServer Version Upgrade Instructions Applying Hotfixes to a XenServer Cluster Command displays the Uuid of the update file Page Page Installation Overview of Installation StepsWho Should Read This Minimum System Requirements Host/Hypervisor System RequirementsHypervisor Compatibility Matrix CloudPlatformRhel Management Server Installation Management Server Installation OverviewPrepare the Operating System Edit the NTP configuration file to point to your NTP server Install the Management Server on the First Host Install and Configure the Database Install the Database on the Management Server NodeRestart the MySQL service Install the Database on a Separate Node # yum install mysql-server # chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on About Password and Key Encryption Changing the Default Password Encryption Using a Separate NFS Server Prepare NFS SharesUsing the Management Server As the NFS Server Edit the /etc/sysconfig/nfs file Prepare and Start Additional Management Servers Perform the steps in .4.2, Prepare the Operating SystemManagement Server Load Balancing Prepare the System VM Template Source Port Destination Port Protocol Persistence Required?Setting Configuration Parameters Installation Complete! Next StepsAbout Configuration Parameters Field Value Setting Global Configuration Parameters Setting Local Configuration ParametersGranular Global Configuration Parameters Between 0 and 1, of allocated Allocators will disable that pool Field Value Page Log In to the UI User InterfaceSupported Browsers End Users UI OverviewRoot Administrators UI Overview Logging In as the Root AdministratorUsing SSH Keys for Authentication Changing the Root PasswordCreating an Instance from a Template that Supports SSH Keys Output is something similar to what is given below Creating the SSH KeypairLogging In Using the SSH Keypair Resetting SSH KeysCreating an Instance Page Steps to Provisioning Your Cloud Infrastructure Overview of Provisioning StepsFirst Region The Default Region Adding Regions optionalAdding a Region Adding Third and Subsequent Regions Deleting a Region Adding a Zone Create a Secondary Storage Mount Point for the New ZoneSteps to Add a New Zone Basic Zone Configuration Network Offering DescriptionPage Steps to Provisioning Your Cloud Infrastructure Advanced Zone Configuration Steps to Provisioning Your Cloud Infrastructure Page Steps to Provisioning Your Cloud Infrastructure NFS Adding a Pod VmfsAdding a Cluster Add Cluster KVM or XenServerAdd Cluster OVM Add Cluster vSphere VMware Cluster Size LimitAdding a vSphere Cluster Page Steps to Provisioning Your Cloud Infrastructure Adding a Host Adding a Host XenServer, KVM, or OVMRequirements for XenServer, KVM, and OVM Hosts Warning Adding a XenServer, KVM, or OVM Host KVM Host Additional RequirementsAdding Primary Storage Adding a Host vSphereAdding Secondary Storage Adding an NFS Secondary Staging Store for Each Zone Initialize and Test Page 100 Installing XenServer for CloudPlatform System Requirements for XenServer HostsInstalling XenServer for CloudPlatform XenServer Installation StepsConfigure XenServer dom0 Memory Username and Password Time SynchronizationInstall CloudPlatform XenServer Support Package CSP LicensingGetting and Deploying a License Primary Storage Setup for XenServer ISCSI Multipath Setup for XenServer Optional Physical Networking Setup for XenServer Configuring Multiple Guest Networks for XenServer OptionalSeparate Storage Network for XenServer Optional NIC Bonding for XenServer OptionalPublic Network Bonding Management Network BondingCreating a Private Bond on the First Host in the Cluster Creating a Public Bond on the First Host in the ClusterComplete the Bonding Setup Across the Cluster Adding More Hosts to the Cluster110 Supported Operating Systems for KVM Hosts Installing KVM for CloudPlatformSystem Requirements for KVM Hypervisor Hosts System Requirements for KVM HostsInstall and configure the Agent Installing the CloudPlatform Agent on a KVM HostInstalling KVM for CloudPlatform Physical Network Configuration for KVM Primary Storage Setup for KVM Optional Time Synchronization for KVM HostsPage 116 Software requirements Installing VMware for CloudPlatformSystem Requirements for vSphere Hosts Hardware requirementsInstalling VMware for CloudPlatform VCenter Server requirementsOther requirements Networking Checklist for VMware Preparation Checklist for VMwareVCenter Checklist VCenter Requirement ValueConfigure Virtual Switch VSphere Installation StepsESXi Host setup Physical Host NetworkingConfigure vCenter Management Network Configure NIC Bonding for vSphereIncreasing Ports About Cisco Nexus 1000v Distributed Virtual Switch Prerequisites and GuidelinesNexus vSwitch Requirements Value Nexus 1000v Virtual Switch PreconfigurationPreparation Checklist Network Requirements ValueVSM Configuration Value Parameters Value Notes Creating a Port ProfileAssigning Physical NIC Adapters Adding Vlan RangesEnabling Nexus Virtual Switch in CloudPlatform Configuring Nexus 1000v Virtual Switch in CloudPlatformParameters Description Removing Nexus Virtual Switch About VMware Distributed Virtual SwitchPrerequisites and Guidelines Preparation Checklist Fields Name Description Enabling Virtual Distributed Switch in CloudPlatform Vmware.use.dvswitchVmware.use.nexus.vswitch Configuring Distributed Virtual Switch in CloudPlatform ParametersEnable iSCSI initiator for ESXi hosts Storage Preparation for vSphere iSCSI onlyAdd iSCSI target Add Hosts or Configure Clusters vSphere Create an iSCSI datastoreMultipathing for vSphere Optional 134 Bare Metal Installation About Bare Metal Kickstart InstallationBare Metal Host System Requirements Bare Metal Installation Limitations of Kickstart Baremetal InstallationSet Up Ipmi Provisioning a Bare Metal Host with KickstartEnable PXE on the Bare Metal Host Install the PXE and Dhcp ServersSet Up a File Server Output should show the following services running Create a Bare Metal Image Create a Bare Metal Compute OfferingSet Up the Security Group Agent Optional Create a Bare Metal Network OfferingFor example, if the RPMs are in the following directory Optional Set Bare Metal Configuration Parameters Add a Bare Metal ZoneAdd a Bare Metal Cluster Add a Bare Metal HostAdd the PXE Server and Dhcp Server to Your Deployment Create a Bare Metal Template Test Bare Metal Installation Provision a Bare Metal InstanceExample CentOS 6.x Kickstart File Example Fedora 17 Kickstart File Example Ubuntu 12.04 Kickstart File 150 Using Cisco UCS as Bare Metal Host CloudPlatform Registering a UCS ManagerAssociating a Profile with a UCS Blade Disassociating a Profile from a UCS Blade 154 Installing OVM on the Hosts Installing Oracle VM OVM for CloudPlatformOVM Installation Overview System Requirements for OVM HostsPrimary Storage Setup for OVM Set Up Hosts for System VMsInstalling Oracle VM OVM for CloudPlatform Choosing a Deployment Architecture Small-Scale DeploymentLarge-Scale Redundant Setup Choosing a Deployment ArchitectureSeparate Storage Network Multi-Node Management ServerMulti-Site Deployment 160 Network Setup Networking Feature Basic Network Advanced NetworkBasic and Advanced Networking Vlan Allocation Example Example Hardware ConfigurationNetwork Setup DellLayer-2 Switch CiscoHardware Firewall Generic Firewall ProvisionsExternal Guest Firewall Integration for Juniper SRX Optional Ge-0/0/3 unit External Guest Firewall Integration for Cisco Vnmc Optional GuidelinesPrerequisites Using Cisco ASA 1000v Services Adding a Vnmc InstanceAdding an ASA 1000v Instance Creating a Network Offering Using Cisco ASA Reusing ASA 1000v Appliance in new Guest NetworksExternal Guest Load Balancer Integration Optional Topology Requirements Security RequirementsRuntime Internal Communications Requirements Guest Network Usage Integration for Traffic Sentinel Setting Zone Vlan and Running VM Maximums Guest.vlan.bits Maximum Running VMs per Maximum Zone VLANs176 Amazon Web Service Interface Amazon Web Services EC2 Compatible InterfaceAWS API User Setup Steps Soap Only Amazon Web Service InterfaceAWS API User Registration AWS API Command-Line Tools Setup EC2 command Soap / Rest call CloudPlatform API callSupported AWS API Calls Architecture, use Keys Pairs EC2 command Soap / Rest call CloudPlatform API call Requirements for Installing the Usage Server Additional Installation OptionsInstalling the Usage Server Optional Steps to Install the Usage ServerAdditional Installation Options Database Replication OptionalRestart MySQL Failover
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4.2 specifications

Citrix Systems, a leading provider of virtualization solutions and cloud computing technologies, released version 4.2 of its popular software, Citrix XenApp, which was previously known as Presentation Server. This version marked a significant evolution in providing users with remote access to applications and desktops, emphasizing simplicity, performance, and security.

One of the standout features of Citrix XenApp 4.2 is its improved application streaming capabilities. This technology allows applications to be delivered to users in real-time, reducing the need for extensive local installations and enhancing the user experience. With application streaming, administrators can efficiently manage applications on a central server while ensuring that users have immediate access to the necessary tools.

Another highlight of this version is the enhanced security measures put in place to protect sensitive data. Citrix XenApp 4.2 includes support for SSL encryption, providing a secure communication channel for data transmitted between the server and clients. This is particularly crucial for businesses that need to comply with strict data protection regulations. Additionally, the integration of endpoint security features ensures that unauthorized access to applications is minimized.

Performance enhancements are also a critical focus in this release. Citrix optimized the delivery of applications over various network conditions, ensuring that users experience minimal latency regardless of their location. This was achieved through the incorporation of SmartAccess and SmartControl technologies, which allow administrators to set policies based on user roles, device types, and network conditions. This level of granularity enables organization-wide security without compromising on usability.

The user experience was further improved with a revamped interface, making it easier for end-users to access their applications and data. Simplified menus, clear navigation paths, and the ability to customize user settings contributed to a more efficient workflow, allowing users to focus on their tasks rather than struggling with the software.

Finally, Citrix XenApp 4.2 was designed to be highly scalable. Organizations of all sizes could deploy this solution to deliver applications efficiently, adapting to their specific needs as their user base grows or changes. This flexibility is crucial for businesses looking to future-proof their IT investments while maintaining optimal performance.

In summary, Citrix XenApp 4.2 stands out with its enhanced application streaming, robust security features, improved performance under varying conditions, user-friendly interface, and scalability, making it an ideal choice for organizations seeking to leverage virtualization for remote access to applications and desktops.