Maxtor D540X-4K manual Glossary

Page 88

Glossary

the sides of a disk drive mounted in an IBM AT and compatible computers so that the drive easily slides into place.

H

HALF HEIGHT – Term used to describe a drive that occupies half the vertical space of the original full size 5 1/4-inch drive. 1.625 inches high.

HARD DISK – A type of storage medium that retains data as magnetic patterns on a rigid disk, usually made of an iron oxide or alloy over a magnesium or aluminum platter. Because hard disks spin more rapidly than floppy disks, and the head flies closer to the disk, hard disks can transfer data faster and store more in the same volume.

HARD ERROR – A repeatable error in disk data that persists when the disk is reread, usually caused by defects in the media surface.

HEAD – The tiny electromagnetic coil and metal pole piece used to create and read back the magnetic patterns (write and read information) on the media.

HIGH-CAPACITY DRIVE – By industry conventions typically a drive of 1 gigabytes or more.

HIGH-LEVEL FORMATTING – Formatting performed by the operating system’s format program. Among other things, the formatting program creates the root directory and file allocation tables. See also low-level formatting.

HOME – Reference position track for recalibration of the actuator, usually the outer track (track 0).

HOST ADAPTER – A plug-in board that forms the interface between a particular type of computer system bus and the disk drive.

I

INITIALIZE – See low level formatting.

INITIATOR – A SCSI device that requests

another SCSI device to perform an operation. A common example of this is a system requesting data from a drive. The system is the initiator and the drive is the target.

INTERFACE – A hardware or software protocol, contained in the electronics of the disk controller and disk drive, that manages the exchange of data between the drive and computer.

INTERLEAVE – The arrangement of sectors on a track. A 1:1 interleave arranges the sectors so that the next sector arrives at the read/write heads just as the computer is ready to access it. See also interleave factor.

INTERLEAVE FACTOR – The number of sectors that pass beneath the read/write heads before the next numbered sector arrives. When the interleave factor is 3:1, a sector is read, two pass by, and then the next is read. It would take three revolutions of the disk to access a full track of data. Maxtor drives have an interleave of 1:1, so a full track of data can be accessed within one revolution of the disk, thus offering the highest data throughput possible.

INTERNAL DRIVE – A drive mounted inside one of a computer’s drive bays (or a hard disk on a card, which is installed in one of the computer’s slots).

J

JUMPER – A tiny box that slips over two pins that protrude from a circuit board. When in place, the jumper connects the pins electrically. Some board manufacturers use Dual In-Line Package (DIP) switches instead of jumpers.

K

KILOBYTE (K) – A unit of measure consisting of 1,024 (210) bytes.

G-4 Maxtor D540X-4K 20.0/40.0/60.0/80.0 GB AT

Image 88
Contents CZVQT&-2TQFWEV/CPWCN$#6 UL/CSA/VDE/TUV Cottonwood Drive Milpitas, California Tel Fax Miller Drive Longmont, Colorado Tel FaxPage Combination Connector J1 Terminology and ConventionsHardware Requirements Unpacking InstructionsTechniques in Drive Configuration System Startup and OperationEnvironmental Conditions Shock and Vibration Handling the DriveSmart Read Attribute Thresholds EndecMaxtor D540X-4K AT Hard Disk Drive Block Diagram Accessing the SET Configuration Without KUVQH6CDNGU3-5Table of Contents Asic InstallationApplication-specific integrated circuit ATA DPSSPS ECCMaxtor D540X-4K 20.4/40.0/60.0/80.0 GB AT About This Manual Standards With the ATA interfaceHigh-reliability drives D540X-4K drives an attractive choice for most CE usersGeneral Description General Description General Description Kiwtg Remove the drive from the packing assembly InstallationKiwtg Kiwtg X2+0 Installation =16,383#% ,7/24 To the adapter board Kiwtg Following subsectionsMaxtorKIWTGD540X%#76+10-4K 20.4/40.0/60.0/80.0 GB AT Minimum of 1.25 mm 0.05 inches At any point along the drive form factor envelope07/$4 You need a third-party IDE-compatible adapter board Drive Power Supply and ATA Bus Interface Cables Kiwtg Installation Maxtor D540X-4K 20.4/40.0/60.0/80.0 GB AT LogicalAddressingFormat Capacity&5%4+26+10 Ms $ #6 +10 4idle spin Down6CDNG$# /#614&$#-$#6$#6 ChapterMand Spindown Time, Power loss Nominal conditions are as follows+5 V &%81.6# 1700 &KUM $ 124#Bel = 10dBA 6CDNG 6CDNG Specifications 6CDNG 4414#76+10 Hard Disk Drive Exploded View 6145 # 4# 3680481.78 System Data 400Basic Principles of Operation Maxtor D540X-4K AT Hard Disk Drive Block Diagram TTQTfirmware%QTTGEVKQP. %QFG%%%QPVTQN On the drive Endec PLLBasic Principles of Operation Basic Principles of Operation Latency time and thus increases data throughput Head Skew Switch time is calculated on the basis of the normal wedge= Head number TS = Head Skew Offset 0QVG Basic Principles of Operation Maxtor D540X-4K 20.4/40.0/60.0/80.0 GB AT ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Download Microcode NOP Read Buffer Write BufferRead DMA Write DMA ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands 6CDNG ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Read Defect List Read Configuration SET Configuration 6CDNGSector4+564 Sector Variable Length in Sectors Number 6CDNG Bytes 4 7 will be set to FFh for bad track entriesCommand6CDNG 0QVG KEY$+6 All fields marked Reserved or N/A should be set to zeroATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands #46COMMAND4#&CODE#664+-$B0h766*45*1.&5 $VGUQTOCV 2 binary $VGU1 #46COMMAND46740CODE56#675- B0h Sector4GIKUVGT Number na 4GIKUVGT Features ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Maxtor D540X-4K 20.4/40.0/60.0/80.0 GB AT G-1 More hard disks, usually installed in a slot in the computer Maxtor D540X-4K 20.0/40.0/60.0/80.0 GB AT G-3 Glossary Maxtor D540X-4K 20.0/40.0/60.0/80.0 GB AT G-5 Glossary Maxtor D540X-4K 20.0/40.0/60.0/80.0 GB AT G-7 Glossary Hardware*options 3-4headstack assembly 5-5Humidity Low-level format $tampering with the HDA 5-1temperature Index

D540X-4K specifications

The Maxtor D540X-4K is a notable hard disk drive that has made its mark in the world of computer storage solutions. Launched in the early 2000s, this drive was known for its high capacity and reliable performance, making it a popular choice among consumers and businesses alike.

One of the main features of the D540X-4K is its generous storage capacity. With a range of models available, users could select from configurations starting at 40GB to larger sizes, accommodating a wide variety of storage needs. This capacity was particularly advantageous during an era when digital media was rapidly expanding, allowing users to store everything from documents and photos to videos and applications without running out of space.

The D540X-4K utilizes an IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics) interface, also known as PATA (Parallel ATA), which ensures compatibility with a broad spectrum of computers. This interface was standard at the time, making the drive accessible to a wide user base. The drive also supports ATA-100, providing data transfer rates of up to 100 MB/s, which was impressive for its time.

In terms of performance, the drive operates at a speed of 5400 RPM, which, while not the fastest in comparison to modern solid-state drives, provided a suitable balance of speed and efficiency for the average user’s needs. This rotational speed ensured decent read and write times for everyday applications, making it a reliable option for personal computing.

Another characteristic of the D540X-4K is its advanced data protection features. The drive was equipped with Maxtor's unique Shock Protection Technology, which helps protect the drive’s internal components from damage due to shocks or drops. This feature contributed to increased reliability, especially for users in mobile or high-traffic environments.

The Maxtor D540X-4K also incorporates a Cache Buffer, which enhances performance by temporarily storing frequently accessed data. The cache sizes varied across models, with options of 2MB or more, aiding in quicker data retrieval and overall improved system responsiveness.

In summary, the Maxtor D540X-4K is a hard drive that stands out for its storage capacity, compatibility, and protective features. Even today, it serves as a reminder of the evolution of data storage technologies, as it laid the groundwork for the high-capacity drives we utilize in modern computing. Its legacy continues to influence new technologies while reflecting the needs of the early digital era.