Cisco Systems IOS XR manual RC-10

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Implementing BGP on Cisco IOS XR Software

Information About Implementing BGP on Cisco IOS XR Software

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router# show bgp neighbors 192.168.2.2

BGP neighbor is 192.168.2.2, remote AS 1, local AS 140, external link

Remote router ID 0.0.0.0

BGP state = Idle

Last read 00:00:00, hold time is 180, keepalive interval is 60 seconds

Received 0 messages, 0 notifications, 0 in queue

Sent 0 messages, 0 notifications, 0 in queue

Minimum time between advertisement runs is 15 seconds

For Address Family: IPv4 Unicast

BGP neighbor version 0

Update group: 0.1

eBGP neighbor with no inbound or outbound policy; defaults to 'drop' Route refresh request: received 0, sent 0

0 accepted prefixes

Prefix advertised 0, suppressed 0, withdrawn 0, maximum limit 524288

Threshold for warning message 75%

Connections established 0; dropped 0

Last reset 00:02:03, due to BGP neighbor initialized

External BGP neighbor not directly connected.

4.Otherwise, the default value is used. In the example that follows, neighbor 10.0.101.5 has the minimum time between advertisement runs set to 30 seconds (default) because the neighbor is not configured to use the neighbor configuration or the neighbor group configuration:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# router bgp 140

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config-bgp)# neighbor-group AS_1

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config-bgp-nbrgrp)# remote-as 1

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config-bgp-nbrgrp)# exit

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config-bgp-nbrgrp)# neighbor-group adv_15

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config-bgp-nbrgrp)# remote-as 10

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config-bgp-nbrgrp)# advertisement-interval 15

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config-bgp-nbrgrp)# exit

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config-bgp)# neighbor 10.0.101.5

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config-bgp-nbr)# use neighbor-group AS_1

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config-bgp-nbr)# exit

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config-bgp)# neighbor 10.0.101.10

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config-bgp-nbr)# use neighbor-group adv_15

The following output from the show bgp neighbors command shows that the advertisement interval used is 30 seconds:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router# show bgp neighbors 10.0.101.5

BGP neighbor is 10.0.101.5, remote AS 1, local AS 140, external link

Remote router ID 0.0.0.0

BGP state = Idle

Last read 00:00:00, hold time is 180, keepalive interval is 60 seconds

Received 0 messages, 0 notifications, 0 in queue

Sent 0 messages, 0 notifications, 0 in queue

Minimum time between advertisement runs is 30 seconds

For Address Family: IPv4 Unicast

BGP neighbor version 0

Update group: 0.2

eBGP neighbor with no inbound or outbound policy; defaults to 'drop' Route refresh request: received 0, sent 0

0 accepted prefixes

Prefix advertised 0, suppressed 0, withdrawn 0, maximum limit 524288 Threshold for warning message 75%

Connections established 0; dropped 0

Cisco IOS XR Routing Configuration Guide

RC-10

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Contents Cisco IOS XR Routing Configuration Guide Corporate HeadquartersCisco IOS XR Routing Configuration Guide N T E N T S Enabling BGP Routing RC-ivStandards RC-80 MIBs MIBs Cisco IOS XR for Ospf Version 2 Configuration Example RC-viiOutput of show route backup Command Example RC-201 RC-viiiRecursive Static Routes RC-249 RC-ixRC-x Document Revision History Revision Date Change SummaryProduct Documentation DVD Obtaining DocumentationCisco.com Ordering DocumentationCisco Product Security Overview Reporting Security Problems in Cisco ProductsDocumentation Feedback XiiiXiv Obtaining Technical AssistanceCisco Technical Support & Documentation Website Obtaining Additional Publications and Information Submitting a Service RequestDefinitions of Service Request Severity Xvi Contents Implementing BGP on Cisco IOS XR SoftwareBGP Functional Overview RC-2RC-3 BGP Default LimitsBGP Router Identifier BGP Validation of Local Next-Hop Addresses BGP ConfigurationConfiguration Modes RC-4Neighbor Configuration Mode Router Configuration ModeGlobal Address Family Configuration Mode Neighbor Address Family Configuration ModeConfiguration Templates RC-6Template Inheritance Rules RC-7RC-8 RC-9 RC-10 RC-11 Template InheritanceShow bgp neighbors Show bgp af-group RC-12Show bgp session-group RC-13Show bgp neighbor-group RC-14No Default Address Family RC-15Routing Policy Enforcement RC-16RC-17 BGP Update Group Update GroupsBGP Update Generation and Update Groups Table PolicyComparing Pairs of Paths RC-19Order of Comparisons RC-20RC-21 Multiprotocol BGPBest Path Change Suppression RC-22 Incongruent Unicast and Multicast RoutesRoute Dampening RC-23Minimizing Flapping BGP Routing Domain ConfederationBGP Route Reflectors RC-24RC-25 Three Fully Meshed iBGP SpeakersRC-26 More Complex BGP Route Reflector ModelRC-27 How to Implement BGP on Cisco IOS XR SoftwareDefault Address Family for show Commands RC-28 Enabling BGP RoutingPrerequisites Example Command or Action PurposeRestrictions RC-29As a BGP peer RC-30Configuring a Routing Domain Confederation for BGP RC-31RC-32 Resetting eBGP Session Immediately Upon Link Failure RC-33RC-34 Adjusting BGP TimersLogging Neighbor Changes Changing the BGP Default Local Preference Value RC-35Configuring the MED Metric for BGP RC-36RC-37 Configuring BGP Weights RC-38Tuning the BGP Best Path Calculation RC-39Path the least desirable path RC-40Indicating BGP Backdoor Routes RC-41RC-42 Configuring Aggregate Addresses RC-43Redistributing iBGP Routes into IGP RC-44RC-45 Redistributing Prefixes into Multiprotocol BGP RC-46To be redistributed into BGP RC-47Configuring BGP Route Dampening RC-48RC-49 RC-50 RC-51 Applying Policy When Updating the Routing Table RC-52Setting BGP Administrative Distance RC-53RC-54 Configuring a BGP Neighbor Group RC-55RC-56 Bytes for the BGP buffer RC-57Configuring a BGP Neighbor RC-58RC-59 Configuring a Route Reflector for BGP RC-60RC-61 Configuring BGP Route Filtering by Route Policy RC-62RC-63 Disabling Next Hop Processing on BGP Updates RC-64Configuring BGP Community and Extended-Community Filtering RC-65RC-66 Configuring Software to Store Updates from a Neighbor RC-67RC-68 Disabling a BGP Neighbor RC-69RC-70 RC-71 Resetting Neighbors Using BGP Dynamic Inbound Soft ResetResetting Neighbors Using BGP Outbound Soft Reset Resetting Neighbors Using BGP Hard Reset RC-72RC-73 Clearing Caches, Tables and DatabasesDisplaying System and Network Statistics Performance-statistics keyword displays RC-74Monitoring BGP Update Groups RC-75Enabling BGP Example RC-76Displaying BGP Update Groups Example RC-77RC-78 BGP Neighbor Configuration ExampleBGP Confederation Example RC-79 Where to Go NextBGP Route Reflector Example Standards Additional ReferencesRelated Documents MIBsDescription Link Technical AssistanceRFCs RC-81RC-82 Implementing IS-IS on Cisco IOS XR Software RC-83RC-84 RC-85 IS-IS Configuration GroupingIS-IS Functional Overview IS-IS Interfaces Multitopology ConfigurationIPv6 Routing and Configuring IPv6 Addressing Limit LSP FloodingMaximum LSP Lifetime and Refresh Interval Overload Bit Configuration During Multitopology OperationMesh Group Configuration Single-Topology IPv6 SupportRC-88 Multitopology IPv6 SupportNonstop Forwarding Overload Bit on Router Multiprotocol Label Switching Traffic EngineeringMulti-Instance IS-IS RC-89Attached Bit on an IS-IS Instance Default RoutesMulticast-Intact Feature RC-90RC-91 How to Implement IS-IS on Cisco IOS XR SoftwareEnabling IS-IS and Configuring Level 1 or Level 2 Routing RC-92 Configuring Single Topology for IS-IS RC-93Ipv4 address address mask or RC-94Specifying the ipv6 address ipv6-prefix /prefix-length RC-95See the Single-Topology IPv6 Support section on RC-96Level-2-only adjacencies RC-97Configuring Multitopology for IS-IS RC-98RC-99 RC-100 RC-101 Controlling LSP Flooding for IS-IS RC-102Max-lsp-lifetime command RC-103LSP was not received and subsequently resends RC-104RC-105 Configuring Nonstop Forwarding for IS-IS RC-106RC-107 Configuring Authentication for IS-IS RC-108RC-109 RC-110 Configuring Mpls Traffic Engineering for IS-ISPrerequisite RC-111 RC-112 Tuning Adjacencies for IS-IS on Point-to-Point Interfaces RC-113To all interfaces RC-114RC-115 Command or Action Purpose RC-116RC-117 RC-118 Enabling Multicast-Intact for IS-ISSummary Steps Customizing Routes for IS-IS RC-119RC-120 Instance 2 routes into its Level 1 area RC-121Configuring Single-Topology IS-IS for IPv6 Example RC-122Configuring Multitopology IS-IS for IPv6 Example RC-123RC-124 RC-125 RC-126 Implementing Ospf on Cisco IOS XR Software RC-127Information About Implementing Ospf on Cisco IOS XR Software RC-128Ospf Functional Overview RC-129RC-130 Ospf Hierarchical CLI and CLI Inheritance Comparison of Cisco IOS XR OSPFv3 and OSPFv2Importing Addresses into OSPFv3 RC-131RC-132 Ospf Routing ComponentsAutonomous Systems Stub Area AreasBackbone Area Not-so-Stubby Area NssaArea Border Routers ABR Ospf Process and Router IDRouters Autonomous System Boundary Routers AsbrMD5 Authentication Route Authentication Methods for Ospf VersionPlain Text Authentication Supported Ospf Network TypesDesignated Router DR for Ospf Authentication StrategiesNeighbors and Adjacency for Ospf Key RolloverLink-State Advertisement Types for OSPFv3 Default Route for OspfLink-State Advertisement Types for Ospf Version RC-137Virtual Link and Transit Area for Ospf RC-138RC-139 Route Redistribution for OspfOspf Shortest Path First Throttling Nonstop Forwarding for Ospf Version RC-140RC-141 Load Balancing in Ospf Version 2 and OSPFv3Graceful Restart for OSPFv3 RC-142 Helper ModeModes of Graceful Restart Operation Graceful Restart Requirements and Restrictions RC-143How to Implement Ospf on Cisco IOS XR Software RC-144Enabling Ospf RC-145RC-146 Configuring Stub and Not-so-Stubby Area Types RC-147RC-148 Default-information-originate, and no-summary RC-149Configuring Neighbors for Nonbroadcast Networks RC-150RC-151 RC-152 RC-153 RC-154 RC-155 Message-digest-key key-idmd5 key clear key encrypted key RC-156RC-157 Ospf RC-158Default is 1 second RC-159RC-160 RC-161 Section on page RC-138 RC-162RC-163 RC-164 Summarizing Subnetwork LSAs on an Ospf ABRExamples RC-165 Redistributing Routes from One IGP into Ospf RC-166RC-167 Another routing domain RC-168RC-169 Configuring Ospf Shortest Path First Throttling RC-170RC-171 RC-172 Configuring Nonstop Forwarding for Ospf Version RC-173RC-174 Configuring Ospf Version 2 for Mpls Traffic Engineering RC-175Mpls traffic-eng area area-id RC-176RC-177 RC-178 RP/0/RP0/CPU0router# show route ospf 1Sample Output for the show ospf mpls traffic-eng Command RC-179Verifying Ospf Configuration and Operation RC-180Configuring OSPFv3 Graceful Restart RC-181RC-182 Configuring the Maximum Lifetime of a Graceful RestartEnabling Graceful Restart Configuring the Minimum Time Required Between Restarts RC-183Configuring the Helper Level of the Router RC-184RC-185 Displaying the State of the Graceful Restart FeatureDisplaying Information About Graceful Restart Enabling Multicast-Intact for OSPFv2 RC-186RC-187 RC-188 Cisco IOS XR for Ospf Version 2 Configuration ExampleCisco IOS XR Software Configuration CLI Inheritance and Precedence for Ospf Version 2 Example RC-189ABR Stub Area for OSPFv3 Example Mpls TE for Ospf Version 2 ExampleABR with Summarization for OSPFv3 Example RC-190Route Redistribution for OSPFv3 Example Virtual Link Configured Through Area 1 for OSPFv3 ExampleABR Totally Stub Area for OSPFv3 Example RC-191RC-192 MIBs RC-193RC-194 Implementing and Monitoring RIB on Cisco IOS XR Software RC-195RIB Data Structures in BGP and Other Protocols Information About RIB ConfigurationOverview of RIB RC-196RIB Support for IPv4 and IPv6 RIB Administrative DistanceProtocol Administrative Distance Default RC-197Verifying Networking and Routing Problems How to Deploy and Monitor RIBVerifying RIB Configuration Using the Routing Table RC-198RC-199 RC-200 Configuration Examples for RIB MonitoringOutput of show route Command Example Output of show route connected Command Example Output of show route backup Command ExampleOutput of show route best-local Command Example Output of show route local Command ExampleRC-202 Output of show route longer-prefixes Command ExampleOutput of show route next-hop Command Example Cisco IOS XR Multicast Command Reference, Release RC-203RC-204 Implementing Routing Policy on Cisco IOS XR Software RC-205Routing Policy Language Prerequisites for Implementing Routing PolicyInformation About Implementing Routing Policy Routing Policy Language OverviewSets Routing Policy Language StructureNames RC-207Inline Set Form As-path-setNamed Set Form RC-208Named Form Community-setExtcommunity-set RC-209RC-210 Prefix-setInline Form Pass policy Routing Policy Language ComponentsRouting Policy Language Usage RC-211Set local preference based on community Ignore routes with specific AS numbers in the pathSet community based on MED RC-212Persistent Remarks Routing Policy Configuration BasicsPolicy Definitions RC-213Parameterization RC-214RC-215 Semantics of Policy ApplicationBoolean Operator Precedence RC-216 When Attributes Are ModifiedMultiple Modifications of the Same Attribute RC-217 Default Drop DispositionControl Flow Incomplete Policy and Set References Policy VerificationRange Checking RC-218Attached Policy Modification Policy StatementsRemark Verification of Attribute Comparisons and ActionsDisposition RC-220Action RC-221Boolean Conditions RC-222RC-223 Attach PointsApply RC-224 BGP Policy Attach PointsAggregation RC-225 Default OriginateDampening RC-226 Neighbor ExportNeighbor Import RC-227 NetworkRedistribute Show bgp RC-228RC-229 Table PolicyBGP Attributes and Operators Attribute Match Set RC-230Set med igp-cost Ospf Policy Attach PointsImport Export Aggregation Redistribution Prepend as-path SuppressRC-232 OSPFv3 Policy Attach PointsOspf Attributes and Operators OSPFv3 Attributes and Operators RC-233RC-234 IS-IS Policy Attach PointsIS-IS Attributes and Operators Nonattached Policy Modification Editing Routing Policy Configuration ElementsAttached Policy Modification RC-235Editing Routing Policy Configuration Elements Using the CLI RC-236RC-237 How to Implement Routing PolicyDefining a Route Policy Attaching a Routing Policy to a BGP Neighbor RC-238Enters address family configuration mode RC-239Modifying a Routing Policy Using the Microemacs Editor RC-240Routing Policy Definition Example RC-241Simple Inbound Policy Example RC-242Modular Inbound Policy Example RC-243Routing Policy Language Commands on Cisco IOS XR Software RC-244RC-245 RC-246 Software RC-247RC-248 Default Administrative DistanceStatic Route Functional Overview RC-249 Directly Connected RoutesRecursive Static Routes Floating Static Routes Configuring a Static RouteFully Specified Static Routes RC-250Configuring a Floating Static Route RC-251RC-252 Changing the Maximum Number of Allowable Static Routes RC-253RC-254 Configuring a Fixed Default Route Example Configuration ExamplesConfiguring Traffic Discard Example Configuring a Floating Static Route ExampleRC-256 D E RC-257RC-258 RC-259 RC-260 IS-IS RC-90 RC-261MD5 RC-262RFC 2328, Ospf Version RC-263RC-264 RC-265 RC-266
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IOS XR specifications

Cisco Systems IOS XR is an advanced operating system designed specifically for high-performance routers and service provider networks. It serves as the backbone for many of Cisco's high-end routing platforms, enabling service providers to manage their networks with increased efficiency, flexibility, and scalability.

One of the main features of IOS XR is its modular architecture. This allows for the independent operation of various components within the OS, facilitating the deployment of new features and updates without affecting the overall stability of the system. This modularity ensures that service providers can implement rapid changes and enhancements while maintaining service continuity.

Another characteristic of IOS XR is its support for 64-bit architecture, which provides enhanced performance and the ability to manage larger amounts of data. This is particularly beneficial for service providers that deal with high traffic volumes and require robust data processing capabilities. The utilization of 64-bit technology also enables the operating system to utilize memory more efficiently, allowing for greater scalability.

IOS XR incorporates advanced technologies such as Distributed System Architecture (DSA) and Multiple Routing Instances (Merging Routes). DSA allows for the distribution of routing processes across multiple hardware resources, maximizing performance and redundancy. Multiple Routing Instances enable operators to create separate logical routing tables for different services, improving isolation and efficiency in managing network traffic.

The operating system also focuses heavily on security, featuring extensive encryption methods and access controls to safeguard network resources. IOS XR supports various authentication protocols, ensuring secure access to routers and switches. In addition, the OS includes comprehensive logging and monitoring capabilities, allowing network administrators to track activities and respond quickly to potential threats.

Another critical aspect of IOS XR is its adherence to the principles of service-oriented architecture (SOA). This approach permits the development of applications and services that can operate independently, fostering innovation and enabling service providers to tailor their offerings based on customer demands.

Ultimately, Cisco IOS XR is a powerful, reliable operating system that meets the complex needs of modern telecommunications networks. With its focus on modularity, performance, security, and scalability, it enables service providers to deliver high-quality, resilient services to their customers while efficiently managing network resources. As the industry continues to evolve, IOS XR remains a vital tool for those aiming to stay competitive in the ever-changing landscape of networking.