ELSA Cable manual 80-C7-6D-A4-6E, Easy as possible, That is processed by all computers in the LAN

58Technical basics

MAC address	Specific LAN addresses hardwired into the interfaces by their manufacturers are used to
	manage the transfer in the LAN. Since the LAN addresses are used for communication
	via the MAC protocol, they are called MAC addresses. They can be thought of as the
	fingerprint of the interface hardware. MAC addresses can look like this, for example: 00-
	80-C7-6D-A4-6E.
	MAC addresses are independent of IP addresses. An IP host whose interface works
	through a LAN has an IP and a MAC address. Whereas the structure of IP addresses with
	its similarity to postal addresses is supposed to simplify routing in enormous IP networks,
	the fingerprint-like MAC addresses are designed to make the connection to a LAN as
	easy as possible.
	Transfer in LAN is also packet-oriented. Every MAC packet contains the MAC addresses
	of the source and of the recipient. Although every packet is received by all computers, it
	is processed only by the target computer. There is an additional MAC broadcast address
	that is processed by all computers in the LAN.
IP in the LAN	Every LAN packet contains an entry with the type of the network protocol. An IP packet
	can be transferred through a LAN by packing it in a LAN packet and adding the 'IP'
	protocol type to it. Because of the IP entry, the LAN interface at the receiving host
	recognizes that the LAN packet contains an IP packet, extracts it and processes it as an
	ordinary IP packet. In this way, IP packets and packets of other network protocols like
	IPX can be transferred simultaneously through the same LAN without conflicts (this is
	why a LAN is called multiprotocol-capable).
	To an IP host, a LAN behaves as if it were an independent network with a router. The
	hosts gives the packets to the LAN which handles the further distribution of the data
	packets. This is why only IP addresses from the numerical space of the specific network
	should be used for the internal communication of the hosts in a LAN through the IP
	protocol.

IP host	IP host
in the LAN	in the LAN
	IP host
	in the
	LAN
LAN with router function:
distributes the LAN packets

To a router in the LAN, a host in its own LAN seems to be located behind another router. So the task for the router is very simple: all it has to know for operating in the IP network are the IP addresses

Kof the directly connected hosts and

Kof the available networks and subnets,

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