Kodak Module 9 specifications Process ECP-2E Steps, Alternative Ferricyanide or UL Bleach Sequence

Process ECP-2E Steps

Table 9-1 Persulfate Bleach Sequence

Step	Function
1. Developer	Reduces exposed silver halide grains in all three light-sensitive layers. The developing agent
	is oxidized by the exposed silver halide, and the oxidation product couples with the particular
	dye coupler incorporated within each layer to produce dye images. A silver image is formed
	simultaneously at the exposed silver-halide sites.
2. Stop	Stops the development of silver-halide grains and washes Color Developing Agent CD-2
	from the film.
NOTE: The film can now be handled in white light.
3. Wash	Removes excess acid stop.
4. Accelerator	Prepares the metallic silver present for the action of the persulfate bleach.
5. Bleach (persulfate)	Converts the metallic silver from both the sound track image and picture image that was
	formed during color development, to silver-halide compounds that can be removed by the
	fixer. In the sound track, the silver image formed during color development is converted to
	silver halide by the bleach. It is then redeveloped to a silver image by a black-and-white
	developer solution.
6. Wash	Removes residual bleach from the film, preventing contamination of the following solution.
7. Fixer	Converts the silver-halide compounds formed in the picture area during bleaching to soluble
	silver thiosulfate complex salts that are removed from the film in this fixer and subsequent
	wash.
8. Wash	Removes unused fixer and the residual soluble silver thiosulfate complex salts formed during
	fixing.
9. Final Rinse	Prepares the film for drying.
10. Dryer	Dries film for subsequent handling.
11. Lubrication	Promotes longer print projection life. It may be an in- or off-line operation. See Module 2,
	Equipment and Procedures.

If a customer wishes to retain the first fix and the first fix wash from Process ECP-2D, the sound application may still be skipped by threading the film directly from the bleach wash into the second fix.

Alternative Ferricyanide or UL Bleach Sequence

The steps and their functions are the same as in the recommended process, except the 20-second accelerator and 40-second persulfate bleach is replaced with a 60-second ferricyanide or UL bleach.

Safelights for Darkroom Illumination

When film is handled in a darkroom, whether printer room or processing room, safelights are used to provide enough light for working without fogging the film.

KODAK VISION Color Print Film / 2383, KODAK VISION Premier Color Print Film / 2393 and KODAK VISION Color Teleprint Film / 2395 / 3395 can be handled under illumination provided by standard safelight fixtures fitted with the KODAK No. 8 Safelight Filter / dark yellow. A sodium- vapor lamp fitted with KODAK WRATTEN Gelatin Filters No. 23A and 53 or 57, plus a neutral density filter to reduce the illumination intensity, can also be used. Conduct a careful safelight test before production work is started. The processing steps after the stop bath can be carried out in normal room light.

Film Storage and Handling

Ideally, processed film should be stored at 21°C (70°F) or lower, and 40 to 50 percent relative humidity for short- term or active storage. For long-term storage conditions, store at 2°C (35°F) or lower at a relative humidity of 20 to 30 percent. In general, dye stability during long-term storage improves significantly with reduced temperature. See KODAK Publication No. H-23, The Book of Film Care, for more information.

Care must be exercised in the handling of print film to avoid scratches and/or dirt that will be noticeable on the projected print. Film handlers should use lint-free nylon or polyester gloves and handle the film by the edges as much as possible. Suggestions on film handling during processing are presented in Module 2, Equipment and Procedures.

Other Film Characteristics

For information on the physical characteristics of Kodak motion picture films (including edge identification, antihalation backing, perforations, and dimensional change characteristics), as well as cores, spools, winding, and packaging, refer to KODAK Publication No. H-1, KODAK Motion Picture Film.

9-2 Process ECP-2E Specifications