Terminology and Abbreviations

3GPP	3rd Generation Partnership Project.
API	Application Programming Interface.
Bearer	The method for accessing WAP from the phone, for example GSM
	Data (CSD) and SMS.
Bookmark	A URL and header/title stored in the phone.
Browsing session	From the first access of content until the termination of the connection.
Calling Line
Identification (CLI)	Shows the number of the person calling you in your mobile phone dis-
	play. You can then make an informed choice as to whether or not to
	take the call. Bear in mind that not all numbers can be displayed. To
	use this service, it must be supported by your network.
Card	A single WML unit of navigation and user interface. May contain informa-
	tion to present to the user, instructions for gathering user input, etc.
CGI	Common Gateway Interface.
CS	Circuit Switched.
CSD	Circuit Switched Data.
Deck	A collection of WML cards.
DTMF or Touch Tone	Dual Tone Multi-Frequency signal – codes sent as tone signals. Used
	for telephone banking, accessing an answering machine, etc.
e-GSM	Extended GSM, e-GSM, are new frequencies specified by the Euro-
	pean Radio communications Committee (ERC) for GSM use when
	additional spectrum is needed (Network-dependent). It allows opera-
	tors to transmit and receive just outside GSM’s core 900 frequency
	band. This extension gives increased network capability, which favours
	both the user and the operators.
EFR	Enhanced Full Rate, speech coding.
EMS	Enhanced Messaging Service, an enhancement of the SMS standard.
	This makes it possible to include pictures, melodies, sounds and ani-
	mations in messages, and also to receive and edit new pictures and
	melodies on the phone.
ETSI	European Telecommunications Standards Institute.
FR	Full Rate, speech coding.
Gateway	A WAP Gateway typically includes the following functions:
	- A Protocol Gateway – the protocol gateway translates requests from
	the WAP protocol stack to the WWW protocol stack (HTTP and TCP/
	IP).
	- Content Encoders and Decoders – the content encoders translate Web
	content into compact encoded formats to reduce the size and number of
	packets traveling over the wireless data network.
GIF	Graphics Interchange Format.
GSM	Global System for Mobile Communications. GSM is the world’s most
	widely-used digital mobile phone system, now operating in over 100
	countries around the world, particularly in Europe and Asia-Pacific.
GSM 900	The GSM systems family includes GSM 900, GSM 1800 and GSM
	1900. There are different phases of roll-out for the GSM system and

TERMINOLOGY AND ABBREVIATIONS

API

CSD

EMS

ETSI

GSM