Application, Tools, Setting the input levels

3. APPLICATION

3.1 Tools

The following tools are indispensable for a perfect system alignment. You should by all means try to obtain the speaker specifications from the manufacturer, in order to operate the systems in their proper frequency and level ranges. Use the manufacturer’s documentation to adjust the operating mode and crossover frequencies.

+BEHRINGER does not assume any responsibility for speaker damage caused by improper handling of the SUPER-X PRO.

3.1.1 Measuring microphone

For making measurements you need a high-grade microphone with a frequency response that should be as linear as possible over the entire frequency range (e.g. BEHRINGER measuring microphone ECM8000), or at least between 90 Hz and 15 kHz. Place the microphone about 5 m in front of the speaker system to be measured, in a height where it is on axis with the drivers of the two frequency bands you wish to measure. When setting the levels for the individual frequency bands, delay times and crossover frequencies by means of a measuring microphone, you should operate only one speaker stack each. Usually, the measuring microphone needs to be repositioned between two specific measurements.

3.1.2 Generator/Analyzer

In combination with a measuring microphone and a generator producing pink noise that is fed into a channel of your P.A. console, an analyzer gives you a graph that shows how the acoustic energy is distributed among the various frequency bands (usually, 1/3 of an octave). The equalizer/analyzer BEHRINGER ULTRA-CURVE PRO DSP8024 is the ideal tool for this application.

3.1.3 Your ears

When you listen to the overall sound of your system, you should walk around in the audience area and try to detect resonance frequencies or cancellations. The sound should be optimized for the position where most of the audience will be gathered, however, without neglecting other areas. This often means that the system must be operated in mono. Whenever you use technical aids such as analyzers, measuring microphones, etc., you should check the results with your ears.

3.2 Setting the input levels

Both inputs provide a gain boost/cut of up to 12 dB. Normally, the output level of the mixing console and the input sensitivity of the power amp are the same, i.e. 0 dB in the console correspond to 0 dB in the amplifier. In this case, the power amp is fully driven and the SUPER-X PRO should have no influence on the system level, as all input/output controls are set to 0 dB. However, in a home recording or discotheque environment using operating levels of -10 dBV, the power amp would still need +4 dBu, which requires some additional gain of 12 dB. If so, the SUPER-X PRO’s INPUT control must be set to maximum.

3.3 Setting the output levels

The output levels of the single bands can be raised/lowered by as much as 6 dB. To achieve a linear frequency response in the system, all output levels should be adjusted with the help of an analyzer. Then, mute all outputs except for one to check the crossover frequencies and levels, play back pink noise over the system at an appropriate volume level. Now, when you switch on the adjacent band, the level measured around the crossover frequency should go up by 3 dB. Repeat this process for all crossover frequencies.

14	3. APPLICATION

CX3400 specifications

The Behringer CX3400 is a versatile and highly regarded crossover that has become a staple in professional audio setups. This unit is designed to ensure optimal sound quality by efficiently distributing frequencies to appropriate loudspeakers, making it an essential component in sound reinforcement systems, PA setups, and live performances.

One of the standout features of the CX3400 is its three-way or four-way crossover topology, which allows the user to manage sound frequencies with precision. It’s equipped with independent adjustable output controls for each of its outputs, enabling users to tailor the audio experience to fit the specific requirements of any venue or application. The ability to adjust the crossover frequency range from 50 Hz to 6 kHz makes it suitable for various configurations, whether for subwoofers or high-frequency drivers.

Another significant aspect of the CX3400 is its built-in low-pass and high-pass filters. This functionality ensures that low frequencies are directed to subwoofers while high frequencies are sent to tweeters, thus maximizing the efficiency and clarity of each speaker in the system. The filters operate at a steep 24 dB per octave slope, which aids in maintaining the integrity of sound reproduction and minimizes overlap that can lead to distortion.

In terms of technology, the CX3400 features independent audio signal processing capabilities, allowing for more refined control over the audio output. The unit includes a high-quality 24-bit A/D converter and a 24-bit D/A converter, which significantly contribute to the overall audio fidelity and dynamic range. The CX3400 also features balanced XLR inputs and outputs, ensuring that the audio signal is transmitted with minimal interference and noise.

The build quality of the Behringer CX3400 is also noteworthy. It’s designed to withstand the rigors of live performance environments, with a durable chassis that ensures reliability. The user interface is straightforward, with clear, intuitive controls that make it easy to set the desired parameters quickly.

In summary, the Behringer CX3400 crossover is a powerful tool for audio professionals, offering precise frequency distribution, advanced filtering technologies, and solid construction. Its combination of versatility, performance, and user-friendly design makes it an excellent choice for those looking to enhance their sound systems, whether in live settings or recorded applications. The CX3400 continues to be a trusted device for audio engineers, ensuring that every musical element reaches its full potential.