Sine wave control | Mitsubishi Electronics MSZ-ANA, MS-AWA, MUZ-ANA

2-7-3. Sine wave control

In these air conditioners, compressor equips brushless DC motor which doesn't have Hall element.

In short, the motor is sensorless. However, it's necessary to locate the polar direction of rotor in order to drive brushless DC mo- tor efﬁciently. The general detection method of the polar direction for such a DC motor is to locate it from the voltage induced by unenergized stator.

Therefore, it is necessary to have a certain period of time in which the stator is being unenergized for the rotor position detection when the voltage of supplied power is impressed.

So the motor has been driven by square wave control (the conventional motor drive system) which energizes the motor only when the range of electrical angle is within 120° because it is forced to be unenergized within 30° at start & end of one heap in one waveform cycle (180°) when the voltage is impressed.

However, torque pulsation occurs at rotation in this method when the current-carrying phases are switched over to other phases in sequence. Therefore, sine wave control system is adopted for these air conditioners because it can make the phase-to-phase current waveform smoother (sine wave) in order to drive the motor more efﬁciently and smoothly.

2-7-4. Characteristics of sine wave control in case of brushless DC motor

●Although ordinary three-phase induction motor requires energy to excite the magnetic ﬁeld of rotor, brushless DC motor doesn't need it. So, higher efﬁciency and torque are provided.

●This control provides the most efﬁcient waveform corresponding to the rotation times of compressor motor.

●The rotation can be set to higher compared to the conventional motor drive system. So, the time in which air conditioner can be operated with energy saved is longer than conventional models. This can save annual electric consumption.

●Compared to square wave control, the torque pulsation is reduced at rotation so that the motor operates more quietly.

●Since response and efﬁciency of motor are enhanced in sine wave control, ﬁner adjustment can be provided.

	DC Motor	AC Motor

Rotor	Permanent magnet is embedded	Excited by magnetic ﬁeld of stator

Rotor Position Signal	Necessary	Unnecessary

In brushless DC motor, permanent magnet is embedded in the rotor. Therefore, it doesn't require energy to excite the rotor like AC motor does. However, it's necessary to control the frequency of three-phase AC current supplied to the stator accord- ing to the polar direction of magnet embedded in the rotor so as to drive the motor efﬁciently. Controlling 3 phase AC current frequency also means controlling the timing to switch the polarity of stator. Therefore, the polar direction of rotor needs to be detected.

2-7-5. Control Method of Rotation Times

Sine wave control makes the current transformers conduct real time detection of the value of the current running into the mo- tor, locates the rotor position from the detected value, and decides if voltage should be impressed and if frequency should be changed.

Compared to the conventional control and rotor position detection method, sine wave control can provide ﬁner adjustment of the voltage of supplied power. The value of the current running into the motor is determined by each motor characteristic.

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