Anritsu S251B manual Chapter Measurements, Measurement Functions

Page 47

Chapter 4

Measurements

Introduction

This chapter provides a description of the Site Master measurement functions and examples of frequency domain, distance domain, and two-port (insertion gain or loss) measurements.

Measurement Functions

Site Master operation is divided into four measurement modes: frequency domain, distance domain, two-port, and power monitor.

￿ Frequency domain measurements consist of Return Loss (RL), Standing Wave Ratio (SWR), and Cable Loss (CL) made over a selectable frequency range. SWR and RL char- acterize the magnitude of reflections present in a device or transmission line. CL mea- surements display the insertion loss of a transmission line over frequency.

￿ Distance domain measurements—commonly known as distance-to-fault (DTF)—are made over a selectable distance range. They include RL or SWR, but they also return in- formation that can help locate discontinuities in a transmission line. CL cannot be meas- ured in the distance domain.

￿ Two-port transmission gain or loss measurement is commonly known as S21 or through

 

measurement. The gain or loss measurement is made over a selectable frequency range

 

and the magnitude in dB characterizes the performance of the device under test. Gain and

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loss measurement includes Tower Mount Amplifier (TMA) verification, an-

tenna-to-antenna isolation, and duplexer filter rejection and isolation.

￿ Power monitor measurements can be either absolute or relative to some base power level,

and can be displayed in either dBm or Watts. To allow measurement and display of power levels above the unit's specified input, the user may attenuate the signal and enter the corresponding offset. The offset is added to the measured input power prior to dis- play. Finally, a zero adjust function is provided to allow subtraction of an inherent “noise” level prior to display.

CAUTION: The measurement system MUST be calibrated at the ambient tem- perature prior to making a measurement. You must calibrate when the setup frequency is changed. Calibrations are stored with each of the setups.

It is recommended that the appropriate calibration, (open-short-load or open-short-load-thru) be performed on the Site Master prior to measurements. This gives confidence to the operator that the measurement performed is accurate and system uncer- tainties have been minimized.

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Contents Site Master Model S251B Antenna Cable Analyzer Warranty Page Table of Contents Cable Loss Measurement Iii/iv Description Standard AccessoriesIntroduction Options Optional AccessoriesPerformance Specifications Description Site Master Performance Specifications 2 Preventive Maintenance Annual Verification CalibrationAnritsu Service Centers Charging the Battery in the Optional Charger Charging a New BatteryCharging the Battery in the Site Master Getting Started Battery Charge IndicatorImportant Battery Information Discharging the NiMH BatteryBattery Life Getting Started Front Panel Overview Chapter Functions and OperationsRF Out Test Connector PanelClear Keypad ControlsPrint Sweep FREQ/DIST Amplitude Sweep Soft KeysMODE=POWER Monitor Softkeys FREQ/DIST Amplitudesweep ON/OFF Edit SYS Functions and Operations Back Returns to the Distance Menu Rectangular Windowing Example 11. Low Side Lobe Windowing Example Amplitude RUN/HOLD button Functions and Operations Clock Tions are Power Monitor Menu Printing a Screen PrintingPrinter Printer Switch SettingsSelf Test SymbolsSelf Test Errors Error CodesERRORD2 Range ErrorsInput Signal 16. Maximum Distance and Resolution vs Frequency Span 17. Using the Site Master Soft Carrying Case Using the Soft Carrying CaseMeasurement Functions Chapter MeasurementsCalibration Procedure Power On ProcedurePerforming a Calibration Selecting the Frequency RangeRecalling a Setup Setting the Amplitude ScaleSaving the Setup Recalling a Display From Memory Saving a Display to MemoryMeasurements Measurements Measurements SWR Return Loss and Cable Loss Measurement Device-Under-Test SpecificationProcedure Selecting the Measurement ModePerforming a Calibration Set the Amplitude Scale and Limit Line SWR or Return Loss MeasurementMeasurements 10. Cable SWR Measurement Results Setting the MarkersCable Loss Measurement Setting the Segment Limit LInes12. Cable Loss Measurement Results Loss DTF MeasurementPerforming a Calibration DTF Measurement Determining the Length of the Cable Setting the Marker13. DTF SWR Measurement Results cable length DTF Measurement Determining the quality of the cable 15. DTF SWR Measurement Results cable quality Selecting the Measurement Insertion Gain Amplifier Measurement17. Two-Port Measurement Calibration Setup Test Port Cable Optional RF in Test Port RF OUT Test Port Amplifier Gain Measurement21. Measurement Display Showing Bypass Condition Activating the Bias TeePress the Marker key to display the marker value Making Power Measurements Requirements Communication Port SettingChanging COM Port Settings-Windows 95/98/NT Software Tools Program Plot Capture Software InstallationCapture single or multiple traces to PC screen Capture multiple traces to a databaseSaving a Custom Cable List Custom Cable List Uploading and DownloadingProgram Operation Fault Location SoftwareSmith Chart Software Drag-n-Drop Pasting a Plot in Graphic or Spreadsheet For- matSaving Data to a Database Printing Appendix a Reference Data Coaxial Cable Technical DataAppendix a Reference Data

S251B specifications

The Anritsu S251B is a state-of-the-art handheld spectrum analyzer designed for wireless communication applications. This compact yet powerful device is engineered to provide engineers and technicians with versatile and reliable measurements in both field and laboratory environments. Its lightweight design, weighing under 1.5 kilograms, allows for easy portability, making it an ideal solution for on-site testing.

One of the standout features of the S251B is its frequency range, which spans from 100 kHz to 6 GHz. This broad coverage is essential for monitoring various wireless technologies, including LTE, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and many others. The exceptional resolution bandwidth options from 1 kHz to 1 MHz help in detecting weak signals and interference, ensuring that users can analyze signals with precision.

The S251B utilizes advanced digital signal processing (DSP) technology, which significantly enhances measurement accuracy and speed. This allows for real-time spectrum analysis, ensuring that users can quickly identify and troubleshoot issues. The device supports a range of measurement applications, including spectrum analysis, interference analysis, and channel power measurements, making it a versatile tool for many scenarios.

For ease of use, the analyzer features a bright, color display that provides clear visibility in various lighting conditions. The intuitive graphical user interface enables quick navigation through settings and configuration options. Additionally, the S251B is equipped with a long-lasting battery that provides hours of continuous operation, further enhancing its suitability for field applications.

Connectivity is another key area where the Anritsu S251B excels. It offers USB and Ethernet ports for easy data transfer and remote control capabilities. This feature is particularly useful for engineers who need to integrate the analyzer into automated testing setups or require remote access for more profound analysis.

Moreover, the S251B is designed with ruggedness in mind. It is built to withstand the challenges of field use, including dropping and exposure to various environmental conditions, ensuring reliable performance even in demanding situations.

In conclusion, the Anritsu S251B handheld spectrum analyzer combines portability, advanced measurement techniques, and durability. With its wide frequency range, user-friendly interface, and connectivity options, it is a vital tool for professionals involved in the testing and deployment of wireless communication systems. Its robust capabilities make it an impressive asset for troubleshooting, maintenance, and installation tasks in the field.
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