Proportional-Q principle

Operation

General Advice

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Low-, Mid- and High filters operate to the proportional-Q principle. This means that maximum possible boost and cut is dependant upon the selected bandwidth. If the bandwidth is increased the measure of boost or cut (=amplitude) decreases automatically with the setting of the Cut/Boost control. Obversely the amplitude increases automatically as the bandwidth decreases.

This has two practical advantages: a large bandwidth is automatically treated more sensitively than a narrower bandwidth. This is in line with human hearing sensitivity and allows efficient processing. In addition further adjustment of the Cut/Boost control is no longer necessary when the bandwidth is varied. With other common, constant-Q EQs an increase of the bandwidth leads to magnification of the overall volume so that the processed band sounds unnatural and unmusical.

Recommendations for the setting of bandwidth (Q)

To some degree the bandwidth shown on the unit relates in inverse proportion to the octave bandwidth displayed, which is often used to describe the bandwidth. The maximum adjustable Q-value 5 (narrowest bandwidth) relates to approximately 0.2 octaves on the Stereo Q; the minimum Q-value 0.5 (greatest bandwidth) is approximately 2 octaves.

Bandwidth adjustment is always dependant on the program or instruments to be used. It is not possible to lay down hard and fast rules but the following recommendations are provided:

Q-values between 1 and 2 are as a general rule most suitable for proces- sing of voices, keyboards or acoustic instruments with inbuilt microphones.

High Q-values between 3 and 5 are often used for processing of extremely high frequency spectrums to enable accurate correction. Larger bandwidths are utilized in the high tonal range when, for instance, refinement of muffled material over a broad bandwidth is required. Nevertheless the air band filter of the Stereo-Q already produces excellent results in this respect so that the high band filter can be used to achieve even further accurate correction.

In the bass range larger bandwidths (approx. Q 0.5 to 0.8) are more frequently selected to provide even processing of the deep tonal ranges. However the possibility of a combination of Sub Bass and Low filters should be considered because this permits broad band processing with the Sub Bass and precise correction on the low band.

Generally medium Q-values (approx. 0.8 to 1.2) are suitable for frequency ranges from 100 Hz to 700 Hz.

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