distributed company and operates the company’s mission-critical applications.

Ethernet

The most popular LAN communication technology. There are a variety of types of

 

Ethernet, including 10Mbps (traditional Ethernet), 100Mbps (Fast Ethernet), and

 

1,000Mbps (Gigabit Ethernet). Most Ethernet networks use Category 5 cabling to carry

 

information, in the form of electrical signals, between devices. Ethernet is an

 

implementation of CSMA/CD that operates in a bus or star topology.

F

Fast Ethernet

Fast Ethernet, also called 100BASE-T, operates at 10 or 100Mbps per second over

 

UTP, STP, or fiber-optic media.

Firewall

Firewall is considered the first line of defense in protecting private information. For

 

better security, data can be encrypted. A system designed to prevent unauthorized

 

access to or from a private network. Firewalls are frequently used to prevent

 

unauthorized Internet users from accessing private networks connected to the Internet,

 

especially Intranets all messages entering or leaving the intranet pass through the

 

firewall, which examines each message and blocks those that do not meet the specified

 

security criteria.

G

Gateway

A gateway links computers that use different data formats together.

Group

Groups consist of several user machines that have similar characteristics such as being

 

in the same department.

H

HEX

Short for hexadecimal refers to the base-16 number system, which consists of 16

 

unique symbols: the numbers 0 to 9 and the letters A to F. For example, the decimal

 

number 15 is represented as F in the hexadecimal numbering system. The hexadecimal

 

system is useful because it can represent every byte (8 bits) as two consecutive

 

hexadecimal digits. It is easier for humans to read hexadecimal numbers than binary

 

numbers.

I

Intranet

This is a private network, inside an organization or company that uses the same

 

software you will find on the public Internet. The only difference is that an Intranet is

 

used for internal usage only.

Internet

The Internet is a globally linked system of computers that are logically connected based

 

on the Internet Protocol (IP). The Internet provides different ways to access private and

 

public information worldwide.

Internet address

To participate in Internet communications and on Internet Protocol-based networks, a

 

node must have an Internet address that identifies it to the other nodes. All Internet

 

addresses are IP addresses

IP

Internet Protocol is the standard that describes the layout of the basic unit of

 

information on the Internet (the packet) and also details the numerical addressing

 

format used to route the information. Your Internet service provider controls the IP

 

address of any device it connects to the Internet. The IP addresses in your network

 

must conform to IP addressing rules. In smaller LANs, most people will allow the DHCP

 

function of a router or gateway to assign the IP addresses on internal networks.

IP address

IP address is a 32-binary digit number that identifies each sender or receiver of

 

information that is sent in packets across the Internet. For example 80.80.80.69 is an IP

 

address. When you “call” that number, using any connection methods, you get

 

connected to the computer that “owns” that IP address.

ISP

ISP (Internet Service Provider) is a company that maintains a network that is linked to

 

the Internet by way of a dedicated communication line. An ISP offers the use of its

 

dedicated communication lines to companies or individuals who can’t afford the high

 

monthly cost for a direct connection.

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