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BASIC OPERATION

desired number clicks into place next to the white index mark. An in-between setting should not be used. When changing shutter speeds, there is no need to remove your eye from the eyepiece, because the selected shutter speed is automatically indicated on the large scale in the viewfinder. With a total of 17 click-stop settings to choose from, the question you might ask is: "How do I select the right shutter speed?" First of all, you must select a shutter speed which keeps the meter needle somewhere within the white portion of the aperture scale. If you take a picture when the needle is touching either of the red warning marks (underexposure at the bottom of the scale and overexposure at the top), then your photograph will be improperly exposed. Depending on the brightness of the scene, the film's ASA, and your photographic intentions, you can use the following general guidelines to help you select an appropriate shutter speed when using the standard 50mm lens: When you are shooting outdoors in the open or want to freeze action, choose fast shutter speeds (1/125 – 1/1000 sec.). When photographing in the shade or indoors without a flash, then select slower speeds (1/30 or 1/60 sec.). To take pictures at night (without a flash), use slow shutter speeds (30 – 1/15 sec.), with the camera mounted on a tripod.

•At the "B" setting, the shutter will remain open as long as the shutter button is depressed. A cable release is a handy device for holding the shutter button in for long periods of time. Also, it allows the shutter to be opened without the photographer touching the camera or button directly, and there- fore keeps camera shake to a minimum, thus insuring a clear picture. At "B," the aperture ring must be set manually.

•Intentional blur oftentimes can give your photo- graphs a convincing feeling of action. Two types of intentional blur are (1) subject blur and (2) back- ground blur created by panning. Subject blur (1) is created by keeping the camera still while the subject moves across the field of view. The subject becomes blurred while the background remains sharp. Back- ground blur (2) can be created by panning, or following the subject with the camera, keeping the subject basically at the same position in the view- finder. The subject remains relatively sharp while the background blurs into a streaky effect. Experiment by using slow shutter speeds of 1 – 1/60 sec. A neutral density filter (ND4 or ND8) over the lens will permit using slow shutter speeds even with fast films.

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