Advanced Digital Filter Techniques

Digital to Analog

Conversion

Design of the fully balanced DAC/analog output module follows the Mark Levinson tradition of rigorous component selection. An unusual hybrid design approach incorporating both advanced Surface-Mount and “through-hole” technologies, allows us to utilize the optimum part at each location in the circuit, without the constraints on parts selection normally associated with traditional PCB assembly practices. Every active device has been painstakingly selected for top technical performance, with final selections of top performing devices determined by numerous, controlled sonic evaluations.

Just as with Mark Levinson separate Digital Audio Processors, such as our Nº30.6 Reference, the Nº390S incorporates advanced digital filter techniques carefully chosen to optimize the sonic performance of its on-board digital processor. Whether playing a CD, or decoding a digital signal received through an auxiliary input, sample depth is increased to 24 bits and sample rate increased to 352.8kHZ or 384kHz (input rate dependent) prior to conversion to an analog signal. This sophisticated “processing” of the digital signal before conversion (referred to variously as “unconversion”, “upsampling”, or “oversampling”) is a fundamental contributor to the excellent sound achieved by all Mark Levinson digital processors. The Nº390S confirms its internal conversion rate on its front panel display each time a disc is loaded, or an auxiliary input is chosen and locked.

The Nº390S also incorporates High Definition Compatible Digital® decoding to take full advantage of the resolution avail- able from HDCD encoded 16-bit CDs. The HDCD format retains more of the resolution inherent in modern high resolution record- ings than can be accommodated by the normal CD standard by encoding information more efficiently within the 16-bit space available on the disc.

Digital to analog conversion within the Nº390S is performed at an extraordinarily high level and features a Mark Levinson-developed, balanced implementation of the Analog Devices AD1853—a new class of multi-bit Sigma/Delta DAC devices delivering superb technical performance. In addition to its unusual multi-bit architecture and unlike typical Sigma/Delta devices, the AD-1853 has a differential current output stage, which allows us to optimize the critical current-to-voltage(I/V) conversion stage with dedicated operational amplifiers possessing superlative rise time and bandwidth characteristics. Following this, a new active analog filter circuit, implemented in a differential amplifier, sums both halves of the balanced signal and provides superb common mode noise rejection in addition to its outstanding filter characteristics.

This approach to the Digital-to-Analog circuit block yields distortion and noise levels that are extraordinarily low and contributes greatly to the natural sound of the Nº390S.

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Mark Levinson N390S owner manual
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N390S specifications

The Mark Levinson N390S is a high-performance digital to analog converter (DAC) and audio processor that exemplifies the brand's commitment to superior sound quality and advanced technology. Renowned for its exceptional build quality and cutting-edge engineering, the N390S stands out as a centerpiece in high-end audio systems.

At the heart of the N390S is its state-of-the-art DAC architecture. It employs advanced multibit Delta-Sigma architecture, which ensures a precise and accurate conversion of digital audio signals into analog. This results in an incredibly clean and detailed sound signature, allowing users to experience their music as it was intended by the artist. The N390S supports high-resolution audio formats, making it compatible with a wide range of digital sources, including CDs, streaming devices, and high-resolution audio files.

One of the remarkable features of the N390S is its comprehensive connectivity options. It includes multiple digital inputs, such as optical, coaxial, and AES/EBU, as well as USB input for connecting modern computers and media servers. This versatility ensures that users can easily integrate the N390S into their existing audio systems, regardless of the source devices they use.

The N390S is equipped with a sophisticated digital signal processor (DSP) that provides advanced processing capabilities. It includes features like digital filtering and upsampling, which enhance the audio quality by improving the timing and precision of the sound. Users can customize the sound to their liking, providing a tailored listening experience that can adapt to different musical styles and preferences.

In terms of build quality, the N390S features a robust chassis designed to minimize vibrations and external interferences, further preserving audio integrity. The premium components used in its construction lend to its durability and long-lasting performance.

Finally, the user-friendly interface of the N390S, combined with its high-resolution display, makes navigation simple and intuitive. Overall, the Mark Levinson N390S is a remarkable piece of audio technology that delivers exemplary sound quality, luxurious design, and impressive flexibility, making it an ideal choice for audiophiles seeking the ultimate listening experience.
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