Glossary
VXI-USB User Manual G-2 ni.com
ANSI American National Standards Institute
API Application Programming Interface—the direct interface that an end user 
sees when creating an application.
arbitration A process in which a potential bus master gains control over a particular 
bus.
BB Byte—eight related bits of data, an 8-bit binary number. Also used to 
denote the amount of memory required to store one byte of data.
backplane An assembly, typically a printed circuit board, with 96-pin connectors and 
signal paths that bus the connector pins. A C-size VXIbus system will have 
two sets of bused connectors called J1 and J2. A D-size VXIbus system will 
have three sets of bused connectors called J1, J2, and J3.
BERR* bus error signal
BIOS Basic Input/Output System. BIOS functions are the fundamental level 
ofany PC or compatible computer. BIOS functions embody the basic 
operations needed for successful use of the computer’s hardware resources.
block-mode transfer An uninterrupted transfer of data elements in which the master sources only 
the first address at the beginning of the cycle. The slave is then responsible 
for incrementing the address on subsequent transfers so that the next 
element is transferred to or from the proper storage location. A VME data 
transfer may have no more than 256 elements.
bus The group of conductors that interconnect  individual circuitry in a 
computer. Typically, a bus is the expansion vehicle to which I/O or other 
devices are connected. Examples of buses include the ISAbus, PCI bus, 
VXI bus, and VMEbus.
bus error An error that signals failed access to an address. Bus errors occur with 
low-level accesses to memory and usually involve hardware with bus 
mapping capabilities. For example, nonexistent memory, a nonexistent 
register, or an incorrect device access can cause a bus error.
bus master A device that is capable of requesting the Data Transfer Bus (DTB) for the 
purpose of accessing a slave device.