Foreign Sounds
KH as in Bach bäKH
A fricative consonant pronounced with the tongue in the same position as for k, as in German Buch and ich, or Scottish loch.
- -
N as in en route äN"root, Rodin ro"dæN
The N does not represent a consonant; it indicates that the preceding vowel is nasalized, as in French bon (bon voyage) and en (en route).
œas in hors d’oeuvre ôr"dœvr@, Goethe "gœt@
A vowel made by rounding the lips as with while saying or
ôe a
French boeuf and feu, or German Hölle and Höhle.
YlY le Y treKHt
as in Lully " -, Utrecht " %
- -
A vowel made by rounding the lips as with oo˘ or oo while saying i or e, as in French rue or German fühlen.
Stress Marks
Stress (or ‘accent’) is represented by marks placed before the affected syllable. The primary stress mark is a short, raised vertical line " which signifies that the heaviest emphasis should be placed on the following syllable. The secondary stress mark is a short, lowered vertical line % which signifies a somewhat weaker emphasis than on the syllable with primary stress.
Variant Pronunciations
There are several ways in which variant pronunciations are indicated in the respellings.
Some respellings show a pronunciation symbol within parentheses to indicate a possible variation in pronunciation; for example, in sandwich "sæn(d)wiCH sometimes the d is pronounced, while at other times it is not.
Variant pronunciations may be respelled in full, separated by semicolons. The more common pronunciation is listed first, if this can be determined, but many variants are so common and widespread as to be of equal status.
Variant pronunciations may be indicated by respelling only the part of the word that changes. A hyphen will replace the part of the pronunciation that has remained the same. These ‘cutback’ respellings will occur primarily in three areas:
a) where the headword has a variant pronunciation: quasiparticle % -
kwazl pärt k l; kwäze-
-
b) in derivative forms: dangle "dæNGg@l
dangler
Note: Cutbacks in derivatives always refer back to the headword respelling, not the preceding derivative.
c)at irregular plurals:
parenthesis p@"renTH@sisparentheses % -
-sez
Note: A hyphen sometimes serves to separate syllables where the respelling might
otherwise look confusing, as at reinforce % - " .
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