Toners Mixed from Formulas

If you want to prepare your own toners, the formulas and instructions for the following toners are included below.

Hypo Alum Sepia Toner T-1a. Produces cold-brown to

chocolate-brown tones.

Sulfide Sepia Toner T-7a.Produces warm-brown tones similar to those produced by KODAK Sepia Toner. It includes a bleach and a redeveloper.

Gold Toner T-21.Produces a pleasing range of brown tones with most warm-tone papers by “plating” the silver image with gold. It has little effect on cold-tone papers. It tones the highlights and the shadows of the print at a uniform rate, allowing you to stop the toning when the print reaches the hue you want.

Gold Protective Solution GP-1.Provides print protection while changing the image tone only slightly.

Blue Toner T-26.Produces blue tones on some papers. Warm-tone papers react well to this toner. Neutral-tone papers change slightly to soft blue-black tones. Cold-tone papers will not change.

USING MIXED TONERS

Prepare and use the toner formulas as described below.

Hypo Alum Sepia Toner T-1a

This toner will cause a loss of print density and contrast. You can compensate for this by increasing the exposure time and the development time when you make your prints.

Mix the toner as follows:

Hypo Alum Sepia Toner T-1a

Water at 20°C (68°F)	2.8 L

Sodium thiosulfate (pentahydrated)	480 g

Mix thoroughly; then add the following solution:

Water at 70°C (160°F)	640 mL

Potassium alum (dodecahydrated)	120 g

Then add the following solution (including the precipitate) slowly to the hypo alum solution while stirring rapidly*:

Water at 20°C (68°F)	64 mL

Silver nitrate, crystals†	4 g
Sodium chloride	4 g

After combining the solutions, add—

Water at 20°C (68°F) to make	4 L

*When you combine the solutions, a black precipitate may form. It will not adversely affect the toning action of the bath if you use the proper toning technique.

†Let the silver nitrate dissolve completely before you add the sodium chloride.

1.Place a tray in a tempered water bath. Pour the toner into the tray, and heat the water to 49°C (120°F).

2.Immerse a thoroughly washed print in the toner, and agitate it occasionally, especially during the first few minutes of toning. Tone for 12 to 15 minutes, depending

on the paper type. Don’t tone prints for longer than 20 minutes at 49°C (120°F), and don’t use a higher temperature. (Prints will blister or stain at higher temperatures.)

3.Rinse the print in warm water, and wipe it with a soft sponge to remove any sediment.

Wash fiber-base prints in running water at 18 to 24°C (65 to 75°F) for one hour, or use Hypo Clearing Agent to reduce the wash time; wash resin-coated prints for 4 minutes.

6	Toning Black-and-White Materials • G-23