Ampro Corporation 486E manual Expanded Memory and Extended Memory, Memory Address Function

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Little Board™/486e Technical Manual

Table 2–6. Little Board/486e Memory Map

Memory Address	Function

0100000h – 3FFFFFFh	Extended memory

00F0000h - 00FFFFFh	64K ROM BIOS

00D0000h - 00EFFFFh	Byte-wide socket S0, if enabled, otherwise, free

00CC000h – 00CFFFFh	Onboard BIOS Expansion Flash device for Ethernet
	boot PROM code

00C0000h - 00CBFFFh	Video BIOS for onboard flat panel video controller

00A0000h - 00BFFFFh	Normally contains video RAM, as follows:
	CGA Video: B8000-BFFFFh
	Monochrome: B0000-B7FFFh
	EGA and VGA video: A0000-AFFFFh

000000h - 09FFFFh	Onboard DRAM

Expanded Memory and Extended Memory

Extended memory is a contiguous linear block of memory above 1M byte. Some programs require that memory be available as expanded or EMS memory, which makes memory available as pages rather than as a contiguous block. The procedure for accessing expanded memory is defined in the EMS LIM 4.0 specification.

Expanded memory can be converted into EMS memory by using the EMS emulation utilities in DOS. Current versions of DOS provide EMS emulation utilities, such as EMM386, that conform to the LIM 4.0 specification. Refer to the DOS technical documentation for instructions for using the EMS emulation utility.

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Contents Little Board/486e Computer Revision Reason for Change Date Table of Contents Page Technical Specifications Index Introduction Technical SupportThis page left intentionally blank Viii General Description FeaturesChapter CPU/MotherboardEnhanced Embedded-PC Bios VL-Bus Flat Panel/CRT Display ControllerFloppy Interface Serial PortsEnhanced Parallel Port IDE InterfaceEthernet LAN Interface Byte-Wide Socket and Solid State Disk SSDEnhanced Reliability Modular PC/104 Expansion BusHalt Testing Software Little Board Development Platform Interface Connector Summary OverviewConnector Function Size Key Pin ConnectorsConnector and Jumper Locations System I/O Map Jumper Configuration OptionsJumper Group Function Default Address Function Pin Connection DC PowerConnector Type Mating Connector Cooling Requirements Power RequirementsBackup Battery Powerfail Monitor Dram System Memory MapExpanded Memory and Extended Memory Memory Address FunctionRS-485 Serial Port Serial Ports J11, J13RS-232C Serial Ports AddressesInterrupt Assignments IRQ11 IRQ7ROM-BIOS Installation of the Serial Ports Serial Port Connectors J11, J13Ports Pin Signal Function In/Out DB25 Name PinConfiguring Serial 2 for RS-485 J6, W5, W6 Pin Signal NameRS-485 Twisted-Pair Cabling Using RJ11 Connectors Pin RJ11 Signal Standard Wire ColorUsing the RS-485 Interface Interconnection Scheme ExamplesHex Command Serial ConsoleCOM Port Table Serial HandshakeSerial Booting and Serial Programming Using a Serial ModemSelection Address Interrupts Bi-Directional Parallel PortRegister Name Address Primary Secondary Standard and General Purpose I/O Operation ROM-BIOS Installation of Parallel PortsSignal Type Number of Lines Function Output Drive Parallel Port Interrupt Or Function High/Low Pin Parallel Port Interrupt EnableRegister Bit Signal Name In/Out Active J15 Parallel Port Connector J15 J15 Pin Signal Function In/Out DB25 NameSignal Name Full Name Description Register Bit DefinitionsCapacity Drive Size Tracks Data Rate Floppy Disk InterfaceFloppy Drive Considerations Pin Signal Name Function In/Out Floppy Interface ConfigurationFloppy Interface Connector J14 IDE Connector J12 IDE Hard Disk Interface25. IDE Drive Interface Connector J12 IDE Interface Configuration Enabling the Drive Master/Slave SettingCompact Flash Solid-State Disk Solid-State Disk PreparationFlat Panel/CRT Video Controller Connecting a CRT J5Name Connector Pins/Type Description J5 Pin Signal Name DB-15 DB-9 Part Description Mating ConnectorConnecting a Flat Panel J3 W10 +5VPin Signal Description Name FLMPower Sequencing Advanced Power ManagementBios Support of Non-Standard Panels Pgmebios VIDEO=filenameJ4 Pin J3 Pin Description Selecting Vee PolarityLCD Bias Supply Option Attaching an External Contrast Control Ra = 270 Rb = Vee max Vee min / 1.5Example Ethernet Network Interface Network TermsInstalling an Ethernet Boot Prom QNXInstalling a Boot Prom in Byte-Wide Socket S0 Twisted-Pair InstallationsInstalling a Boot Prom Twisted Pair Interface J7Using Network Operating Systems NOS Program Name Vendor Function Driver Name Network OS DriversControlling the Ethernet LAN Interface Directly Manufacturer’s Ethernet ID 00 40SSD Device Size Package Generic Type Pins Part Number Byte-Wide Socket S0Window Address ROM-BIOS ExtensionsAddressing the Byte-wide Socket Solid State Disk SSD Drives Accessing the Byte-Wide SocketPerformance Issues Device 64KB Segment Address Size Segments Upper Nibble of BH W14 Pin Signal Name Description Byte-Wide Socket SignalsTypical Devices Pins Jumper Diagram Jumpering the Byte-Wide SocketFlash Eprom Programming Using EPROMsFlash Eprom Typical Devices Pins Jumper Diagram Using SRAMs Non-volatile RAMUtility Connector J16 Pin Signal Name Function ExsmiPC Speaker Push Button Reset ConnectionExternal Battery Connections LED ConnectionBattery-Backed Clock WDT Response Watchdog TimerJumper W4 AL,61H AL,NOT 08H OUT 61H,AL Page AT Expansion Bus Using Standard PC and AT Bus Cards Onboard MiniModule ExpansionBus Expansion Guidelines Bus TerminationExpansion Bus Connector Pinouts Pin Signal Function In/Out Current PU/PD/S47. AT Expansion Bus Connector, B1-B32 P1 48. AT Expansion Bus Connector, C0-C19 P2 PU/PD/S Interrupt and DMA Channel Usage Interrupt FunctionEthernet Video Channel FunctionSerial Parallel Floppy Setup Overview Menu Name Functions Setup Page 1-Standard CMOS/EEPROM Setup Standard CMOS/EEPROM SetupFloppy Drives Drive Parameter SetupDate and Time IDE Hard Disk DrivesPage Dram Memory Error HaltVideo System PostSetup Page 2-Options/Peripheral Configuration Extended BiosPort Address Serial PortParallel Port Selection Address InterruptHot Key Setup Enable Floppy Interface EnableIDE Interface Enable Selection AddressVideo State Blank Post TestWatchdog Timer Configuration Byte-Wide Socket ConfigurationSerial Boot Loader Enable Local Bus Video DisplayInstalling a Modified Bios to Support a New Panel Flat Panel Display TypeSetup Page 3-Serial Console Configuration Extended Serial Console ConfigurationPage Creating Configuration Files with SETUP.COM Switch FunctionOperation with DOS DIR LPT1Utility Software Overview Little Board/486e CPU Specifications Embedded-PC System EnhancementsOnboard Peripherals CRT Support for Standard Video Modes Vesa Font Pixels Clock Horiz Vert Mem Mode MHz KHz Support Software Mechanical and Environmental Specifications Mechanical Dimensions Technical Specifications Page Index Page POST, Setup Little Board/486e Technical Manual Index-4