Subnet Addressing

Reference Manual for the Model RP614 Web Safe Router

By looking at the addressing structures, you can see that even with a Class C address, there are a large number of hosts per network. Such a structure is an inefficient use of addresses if each end of a routed link requires a different network number. It is unlikely that the smaller office LANs would have that many devices. You can resolve this problem by using a technique known as subnet addressing.

Subnet addressing allows us to split one IP network address into smaller multiple physical networks known as subnetworks. Some of the node numbers are used as a subnet number instead. A Class B address gives us 16 bits of node numbers translating to 64,000 nodes. Most organizations do not use 64,000 nodes, so there are free bits that can be reassigned. Subnet addressing makes use of those bits that are free, as shown below.

Class B

Network

Subnet

Node

7262

Figure B-2. Example of Subnetting a Class B Address

A Class B address can be effectively translated into multiple Class C addresses. For example, the IP address of 172.16.0.0 is assigned, but node addresses are limited to 255 maximum, allowing eight extra bits to use as a subnet address. The IP address of 172.16.97.235 would be interpreted as IP network address 172.16, subnet number 97, and node number 235. In addition to extending the number of addresses available, subnet addressing provides other benefits. Subnet addressing allows a network manager to construct an address scheme for the network by using different subnets for other geographical locations in the network or for other departments in the organization.

Although the preceding example uses the entire third octet for a subnet address, note that you are not restricted to octet boundaries in subnetting. To create more network numbers, you need only shift some bits from the host address to the network address. For instance, to partition a Class C network number (192.68.135.0) into two, you shift one bit from the host address to the network address. The new netmask (or subnet mask) is 255.255.255.128. The first subnet has network number 192.68.135.0 with hosts 192.68.135.1 to 129.68.135.126, and the second subnet has network number 192.68.135.128 with hosts 192.68.135.129 to 192.68.135.254.

Network and Routing Basics

B-5

RP614 specifications

The NETGEAR RP614 is a widely recognized broadband router that provides an efficient solution for home networking needs. As a popular choice among users seeking both performance and reliability, this router boasts a variety of features aimed at enhancing connectivity and security.

One of the most notable features of the NETGEAR RP614 is its ability to support multiple connections. With four Ethernet LAN ports, it allows home users to connect several devices simultaneously, such as computers, printers, and gaming consoles, without causing bottlenecks. This is particularly useful in households where multiple users may be streaming, downloading, or gaming at the same time, ensuring a stable and uninterrupted internet experience.

The RP614 utilizes advanced networking technologies, including NAT (Network Address Translation) and firewall capabilities. NAT enables the router to assign private IP addresses to connected devices, effectively allowing them to share a single public IP address. This not only conserves IP addresses but also provides a layer of security by hiding the internal network structure from external threats. The built-in firewall offers added protection against unauthorized access, making it suitable for users concerned about internet security.

In terms of compatibility, the RP614 supports various internet connection types, including DSL and cable. This versatility ensures that it can be seamlessly integrated into most home networking setups, regardless of the internet service provider. The router is also equipped with a user-friendly web-based interface for setup and configuration, allowing users to easily manage network settings, security options, and parental controls.

One of the key characteristics of the NETGEAR RP614 is its reliability and performance. It is designed to deliver consistent speed and efficiency, making it suitable for both casual browsing and more intensive applications such as online gaming and video streaming. Its compact design allows for easy placement in any part of the home.

Overall, the NETGEAR RP614 stands out as a robust router that caters to the needs of everyday users. With its multiple connectivity options, security features, and user-friendly setup, it provides an effective solution for reliable home networking. Whether used for work, play, or streaming, the RP614 helps to ensure that all connected devices operate smoothly and safely.