Avalon Acoustics AVALON ASCENDANT manual Accuracy of Bass Reproduction

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9. Accuracy of Bass Reproduction

Introduction

We have all had the experience of listening to speakers with poor bass quality. Perhaps the bass was muddy, or ill-defined. Possibly the bass was exaggerated or bloated. These distortions are distracting and keep us from enjoying the full measure of the performer’s intent.

Concerning the reproduction of low frequencies, Avalon Acoustics pursues a different design goal than most other speaker manufacturers. Specifically, we believe that the complete absence of stored resonant energy is of paramount sonic importance. First, we will discuss some of the technical aspects of bass reproduction and perception, and then explain how this relates to the listening experience.

9.1Sensitivity to Time-Related Information

The human ear/brain system is extremely sensitive to time-related distortions. This is because directional (and spatial) information is provided by inter-aural time (and phase) differences. During the period of man’s evolution, the ability to accurately determine the direction and distance of sound sources conferred a survival advantage, hence our present day aural acuity.

This sensitivity to time-related information is apparent in the terms used to describe the quality of a system’s bass reproduction. Many of the terms refer to temporal properties. A system with poor low-frequency transient response is described as “boomy”, heavy “sluggish”, or “slow”. When the transient response is accurate, the bass is characterized as “tight”, “clean”, “quick”, or “fast”.

“Fast Bass”

The term “fast bass” would seem to be an oxymoron. After all, it is the “slowness” of a note that makes it a low frequency. Nonetheless, the term provides an accurate description of our subjective impression. Many people have erroneously ascribed “fast bass” to the use of a light diaphragm or the use of a powerful energizing system. (See note 1) In fact, it is not how fast the diaphragm can be set into motion that imparts a speaker with “fast” bass. Rather, it is how fast that motion can be stopped, how quickly the stored energy can be dissipated, that results in the sensation of “fast” bass.

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(1)The acceleration of an object is equal to the force exerted upon it, divided by the mass of the object. Since a loudspeaker is used above its fundamental resonance, it operates in what is known as the mass- controlled region. In this region, high acceleration (large driving force and/or small driven mass) does not imply extended high frequency response or fast transient response. Instead, high acceleration confers high efficiency.

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Contents Page Page Table of Contents Page Introduction Introduction ContentsUnpacking Instructions Opening the Crate Orientation of the Felt Anti-Diffraction Mask Installing the GrillesReplacing Grille Pins Page Connecting the Speaker to the Amplifier Wiring InstructionsBreak-in Period Maximizing Performance Speaker Placement and SymmetryBreak-in Grille AssembliesApex Couplers Toe-inCorner Treatment First Reflection PointsCabinet Care of Your Avalon LoudspeakersWarranty Statement WarrantyPage Introduction Room Acoustics and Speaker PositionAn Optical Analogy Standing Waves Avoiding Early Reflections Flutter EchoEarly Reflections Page Bass reinforcement Page Summary of Recommendations Speaker Placement Listening Room Example Sensitivity to Time-Related Information Accuracy of Bass ReproductionAnechoic Frequency Response vs. In-Room Frequency Response RationaleCorrelation with Amplifier Measurements Measurements of Audio EquipmentDesigning for Accurate Bass Reproduction Loudspeaker MeasurementsListening for Size Distortions Listening QualitiesFrequency Response Effects Transient Response Effects ConclusionFeatures Specifications
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