Kramer Electronics SG-6 user manual Video Sync Processors

Another twist to this format is that in most cases the logic-level syncs are separated and run each in its own channel, but there are cases where the logic-level syncs come composite – joined together in the same mix of directions.

In the digital world – SDI, DV, MPEG and other formats, the synchronization signals either travel in a special digital sync channel or, in most cases, are embedded in the digital signal.

Due to the extensive use of sync related products, serious problems concerning sync signals may arise such as improper analog sync levels, damaged vertical sync, sync deterioration and improper polarity of the horizontal and vertical syncs.

1.2Video Sync Processors

Kramer Electronics has a full line of Video Sync Processors that can perform sync stabilization, restoration and conversion n the following categories:

Video Sync Generators: Generate standard video sync and black burst for studio genlock.

Video Sync Converters: Convert between the different sync formats - Composite, separate H & V syncs and Analog or TTL level. One machine in this category does sync to Green adding and separating.

Video Sync Restorers: Restore and re-build lost or distorted sync signals and full black burst signals.

1.3Factors Affecting Quality of Results

There are many factors affecting the quality of results when signals are transmitted from a source to an acceptor as described in Table 1:

		Table 1: Factors Affecting Quality of Results
FACTOR	EFFECT
Connection cables:		Low quality cables are susceptible to interference; they degrade signal quality
		due to poor matching and cause elevated noise levels. They should therefore be
		of the best quality.
Sockets and connectors of		So often ignored, they should be of highest quality, since "Zero Ohm" connection
the sources and acceptors:		resistance is the objective. Sockets and connectors also must match the required
		impedance (75ohm in video). Cheap, low quality connectors tend to rust, thus
		causing breaks in the signal path.
Amplifying circuitry:		Must have quality performance when the desired end result is high linearity, low
		distortion and low noise operation.
Distance between sources		Plays a major role in the final result. For long distances between sources and
and acceptors:		acceptors, special measures should be taken in order to avoid cable losses. These
		include using higher quality cables or adding line amplifiers.
Interference from		These can have an adverse effect on signal quality. Balanced audio lines are less
neighboring electrical		prone to interference, but unbalanced audio should be installed far from any
appliances:		mains power cables, electric motors, transmitters, etc. even when the cables are
		shielded.

Kramer Electronics Ltd.

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