Chapter 3 Configuring Additional Router Features

Configuring Logging and Logging Correlation

Configuring Logging and Logging Correlation

System messages generated by the Cisco IOS XR software can be logged to a variety of locations based on the severity level of the messages. For example, you could direct information messages to the system console and also log debugging messages to a network server.

In addition, you can define correlation rules that group and summarize related events, generate complex queries for the list of logged events, and retrieve logging events through an XML interface.

The following sections describe logging and the basic commands used to log messages in

Cisco IOS XR software:

Logging Locations and Severity Levels, page 3-11

Alarm Logging Correlation, page 3-11

Configuring Basic Message Logging, page 3-12

Logging Locations and Severity Levels

Error messages can be logged to a variety of locations, as shown in Table 3-1.

Table 3-1

Logging Locations for System Error Messages

 

 

Logging Destination

Command (Global Configuration Mode)

 

 

 

console

 

logging console

 

 

 

vty terminal

 

logging monitor

 

 

external syslog server

logging trap

 

 

 

internal buffer

 

logging buffered

 

 

 

You can log messages based on the severity level of the messages, as shown in Table 3-2.

Table 3-2

Logging Severity Levels for System Error Messages

 

 

 

Level

 

Description

 

 

Level 0—Emergencies

System has become unusable.

 

 

Level 1—Alerts

Immediate action needed to restore system stability.

 

 

Level 2—Critical

Critical conditions that may require attention.

 

 

Level 3—Errors

Error conditions that may help track problems.

 

 

Level 4—Warnings

Warning conditions that are not severe.

 

 

Level 5—Notifications

Normal but significant conditions that bear notification.

 

 

Level 6—Informational

Informational messages that do not require action.

 

 

Level 7—Debugging

Debugging messages are for system troubleshooting only.

 

 

 

Alarm Logging Correlation

Alarm logging correlation is used to group and filter similar messages to reduce the amount of redundant logs and isolate the root causes of the messages.

Cisco IOS XR Getting Started Guide

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Cisco Systems IOS XR Configuring Logging and Logging Correlation, Logging Locations and Severity Levels, Level Description

IOS XR specifications

Cisco Systems IOS XR is an advanced operating system designed specifically for high-performance routers and service provider networks. It serves as the backbone for many of Cisco's high-end routing platforms, enabling service providers to manage their networks with increased efficiency, flexibility, and scalability.

One of the main features of IOS XR is its modular architecture. This allows for the independent operation of various components within the OS, facilitating the deployment of new features and updates without affecting the overall stability of the system. This modularity ensures that service providers can implement rapid changes and enhancements while maintaining service continuity.

Another characteristic of IOS XR is its support for 64-bit architecture, which provides enhanced performance and the ability to manage larger amounts of data. This is particularly beneficial for service providers that deal with high traffic volumes and require robust data processing capabilities. The utilization of 64-bit technology also enables the operating system to utilize memory more efficiently, allowing for greater scalability.

IOS XR incorporates advanced technologies such as Distributed System Architecture (DSA) and Multiple Routing Instances (Merging Routes). DSA allows for the distribution of routing processes across multiple hardware resources, maximizing performance and redundancy. Multiple Routing Instances enable operators to create separate logical routing tables for different services, improving isolation and efficiency in managing network traffic.

The operating system also focuses heavily on security, featuring extensive encryption methods and access controls to safeguard network resources. IOS XR supports various authentication protocols, ensuring secure access to routers and switches. In addition, the OS includes comprehensive logging and monitoring capabilities, allowing network administrators to track activities and respond quickly to potential threats.

Another critical aspect of IOS XR is its adherence to the principles of service-oriented architecture (SOA). This approach permits the development of applications and services that can operate independently, fostering innovation and enabling service providers to tailor their offerings based on customer demands.

Ultimately, Cisco IOS XR is a powerful, reliable operating system that meets the complex needs of modern telecommunications networks. With its focus on modularity, performance, security, and scalability, it enables service providers to deliver high-quality, resilient services to their customers while efficiently managing network resources. As the industry continues to evolve, IOS XR remains a vital tool for those aiming to stay competitive in the ever-changing landscape of networking.