intermittent errors are designed to be correctly detected and isolated at the time the failure occurs. Runtime and boot-time diagnostics fall into this category.

Stand-alone diagnostics

As the name implies, stand-alone or user-initiated diagnostics require user intervention. The user must perform manual steps, including:

Compact disk-based diagnostics

Keying in commands

Interactively selecting steps from a list of choices

Concurrent maintenance

The system will continue to support concurrent maintenance of power, cooling, PCI adapters, DASD, DVD, and firmware updates (when possible). The determination of whether a firmware release can be updated concurrently is identified in the readme information file released with the firmware.

Service labels

Service providers use these labels to assist them in performing maintenance actions. Service labels are found in various formats and positions, and are intended to transmit readily available information to the servicer during the repair process. Following are some of these service labels and their purpose:

Location diagrams

Location diagrams are strategically located on the system hardware, relating information regarding the placement of hardware components. Location diagrams may include location codes, drawings of physical locations, concurrent maintenance status, or other data pertinent to a repair. Location diagrams are especially useful when multiple components are installed such as DIMMs, CPUs, processor books, fans, adapter cards, LEDs, and power supplies.

Remove/replace procedures

Service labels that contain remove/replace procedures are often found on a cover of the system or in other spots accessible to the servicer. These labels provide systematic procedures, including diagrams, detailing how to remove/replace certain serviceable hardware components.

Arrows

Numbered arrows are used to indicate the order of operation and serviceability direction of components. Some serviceable parts such as latches, levers, and touch points need to be pulled or pushed in a certain direction and certain order for the mechanical mechanisms to engage or disengage. Arrows generally improve the ease of serviceability.

Packaging for service

The following service enhancements are included in the physical packaging of the systems to facilitate service:

Color coding (touch points): Terracotta colored touch points indicate that a component (FRU/CRU) can be concurrently maintained. Blue colored touch points delineate components that are not concurrently maintained -- those that require the system to be turned off for removal or repair.

Tool-less design: Selected IBM systems support tool-less or simple tool designs. These designs require no tools or simple tools such as flat head screwdrivers to service the hardware components.

Positive retention: Positive retention mechanisms help to assure proper connections between hardware components such as cables to connectors, and between two cards that attach to each other. Without positive retention, hardware

IBM United States Hardware Announcement 110-008

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IBM 755 manual Stand-alone diagnostics, Service labels, Location diagrams