Tails
Frame-Reference Markers
A Dash, Key and Plus are printed at regular intervals to help locate frame lines, especially for scenes shot in low light.
–Dash: Frame reference mark for 5- and
Key: Frame reference mark for
+Plus: Frame reference mark for
(Every third dash is a plus)
To Use: Locate one frame line and nearest reference marker for the given film format. Count the number of perforations between the frame line and the marker. Use this perf offset to identify the location of frame lines throughout the scene.
Note: