the presence of DC (direct current) at the output

either over-voltage or under-voltage conditions on the AC mains

unsafe operating temperatures in any of several critical areas within the amplifier

sustained output current in excess of 80 amperes (which would occur only in the event of a dead short across the outputs).

If any of these fault conditions is sensed while the amplifier is in either standby or fully on, the amplifier will shut down completely (off mode, not merely standby). Moreover, it will not turn on again until the fault condition is corrected.

In addition, the AC input to each transformer is fused to protect against excessive current conditions such as driving shorted outputs. In-rush limiting prevents pre- mature aging of power supply components during power-up, and switches off- line once the power supply has been charged.

Finally, the Nº33 incorporates a controlled clipping circuit that prevents the output devices from saturating. The harsh high frequency harmonics generated by hard- clipped output devices are avoided by the waveshaping action of this controlled clip circuitry.

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Image 15
Madrigal Imaging N33, power amplifier manual