Cooking Techniques | (continued) |
Covering
As with conventional cooking, moisture evaporates during microwave cooking. Casserole lids or plastic wrap are used for a tighter seal. When using plastic wrap, vent the plastic wrap by folding back part of the plastic wrap from the edge of the dish to allow steam to escape. Loosen or remove plastic wrap as recipe directs for stand time. When removing plastic wrap covers, as well as any glass lids, be careful to remove them away from you to avoid steam burns. Various degrees of moisture retention are also obtained by using wax paper or paper towels.
Shielding
Thin areas of meat and poultry cook more quickly than meaty portions. To prevent overcooking, these thin areas can be shield- ed with strips of aluminum foil. Wooden toothpicks may be used to hold the foil in place.
CAUTION is to be exercised when using foil. Arcing can occur if foil is too close to oven wall or door and damage to your oven will result.
Cooking time
A range of cooking time is given in each recipe. The time range compensates for the uncontrollable differences in food shapes, starting temperature, and regional prefer- ences. Always cook food for the minimum cooking time given in a recipe and check for doneness. If the food is undercooked, con- tinue cooking. It is easier to add time to an undercooked product. Once the food is overcooked, nothing can be done.
Stirring
Stirring is usually necessary during microwave cooking. Always bring the cooked outside edges toward the center and the less cooked center portions toward the outside of the dish.
Rearranging
Rearrange small items such as chicken pieces, shrimp, hamburger patties, or pork chops. Rearrange pieces from the edge to the center and pieces from the center to the edge of the dish.
Turning
It is not possible to stir some foods to dis- tribute the heat evenly. At times, microwave energy will concentrate in one area of the food. To help insure even cooking, these food need to be turned. Turn over large foods, such as roasts or turkeys, halfway through cooking.
Stand Time
Most foods will continue to cook by conduc- tion after the microwave oven is turned off. In meat cookery, the internal temperature will rise 5 - 15 °F (3 - 8 °C), if allowed to stand, tented with foil, for 10 to 15 minutes. Casseroles and vegetables need a shorter amount of standing time, but this standing time is necessary to allow foods to complete cooking to the center without overcooking on the edges.
Test for Doneness
The same tests for doneness used in con- ventional cooking may be used for microwave cooking. Meat is done when
ABOUT FOOD SAFETY AND COOKING TEMPERATURE
Check foods to see that they are cooked to the United States Department of Agriculture’s recommended temperatures.
TEMP |
| FOOD |
160 °F |
| ... for fresh pork, ground meat, |
|
| boneless white poultry, fish, |
|
| seafood, egg dishes and |
|
| frozen prepared food. |
165 °F |
| ... for leftover, |
|
| refrigerated, and deli and |
|
| carryout “fresh” food. |
170 °F |
| ... white meat of poultry. |
180 °F |
| ... dark meat of poultry. |
To test for doneness, insert a meat ther- mometer in a thick or dense area away from fat or bone. NEVER leave the thermometer in the food during cooking, unless it is approved for microwave oven use.
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