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Ramsey Electronics FM10A manual Appendix B Understanding Legal Field Strength

Models: FM10A

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APPENDIX B: UNDERSTANDING LEGAL "FIELD STRENGTH"

A "microvolt" is one-millionth of one volt and designated "µV" in the following explanations.

The new FCC Part 15 Rules specify a maximum "Field Strength" of your transmitted signal. Since it is unlikely that you have the equipment to carry out accurate field strength measurements in microvolts, it is useful to understand at least the theory of field strength so that you can understand both what you can expect from such transmitters, and what limits the FCC intends.

Previous limits on nonlicensed FM-broadcast band devices were defined as a maximum field strength of 40µV per meter measured at a distance of 15 meters. The June 1989 revised rule specifies a maximum of 250 µV per meter, but measured at 3 meters from your antenna. Both limitations are the same in practice. "250µV per meter" means that an accurate field-strength meter with a 1-meter antenna may indicate a maximum signal field strength of 250µV (In contrast, non-licensed operation from 26.96 to 27.28 MHz is limited to a field strength of 10,000 µV per meter at 3 meters).

In all cases, the field strength of a signal decreases in direct proportion to the distance away from the antenna. Power decreases by the square of distance: for every doubling in distance, the signal power is quartered, but the field strength voltage is only halved. Using this theory, we can construct a simple chart to show the maximum permitted performance of a non- licensed FM band transmitter. The theoretical figures assume a simple 1 meter receiving antenna in all cases and do not take into consideration that reception can be greatly enhanced with larger, multi-element antennas and preamplifiers. In the following chart, the field strength (theoretical minimum) gets even stronger as you move from the edge of these circular boundaries toward the antenna:

This "exercise in meters and microvolts" demonstrates that the FCC clearly intends to limit the theoretical range of non-licensed devices operating in this band. It also shows the potential for causing interference at a home down the street from you. But it also shows that you can legally put out quite a good signal over wider areas than you might have imagined.

For other kinds of radio services, the FCC restricts such factors as transmitter power or antenna height, which cannot really limit the possible "range" of a transmission under good conditions. By restricting the maximum field strength at a specific distance from your antenna, the FCC clearly plans for your signal to "die out" at a specific distance from your antenna, no matter what kind of transmitter power or extra-gain antenna you are using. On the other hand, the FCC standards do make it legal and possible for you to

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Ramsey Electronics FM10A manual Appendix B Understanding Legal Field Strength
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FM10A specifications

The Ramsey Electronics FM10A is a compact and efficient FM transmitter tailored for hobbyists, educators, and anyone with a passion for creating their own radio broadcast. This device stands out in the world of electronics due to its user-friendly design and array of features that make it an ideal starting point for both beginners and experienced users.

One of the main characteristics of the FM10A is its simplicity in setup and operation. Users can quickly assemble the kit without the need for advanced soldering skills, making it accessible to a broader audience. The transmitter operates in the FM band, allowing for high-quality broadcasts with minimal distortion. Its frequency stability is maintained through a PLL (Phase-Locked Loop) technology, ensuring that the transmitted frequency remains consistent throughout its operation.

The FM10A features adjustable transmission power, allowing users to customize their broadcast range. With a maximum range of approximately one mile under optimal conditions, this device is versatile enough for personal use, small events, or classroom demonstrations. Additionally, the transmitter is equipped with an audio input for connecting various media sources such as smartphones, computers, or other audio devices. This flexibility makes it suitable for a range of applications, from playing music to broadcasting educational content.

Another notable feature is its compact design, which makes the FM10A easy to transport and set up in different locations. The device is powered by a standard 12V supply, which is widely available, making it convenient for users at home or on the go. The lightweight nature of the unit further enhances its portability, enabling users to take their radio broadcasts anywhere.

The FM10A also includes an LED power indicator and a built-in antenna for straightforward operation. Users can enhance their transmitting range by adding an external antenna, providing further customization based on specific needs. The kit comes with comprehensive instructions to guide even those new to radio transmission through each step of assembly and operation.

In addition to its engaging technical features, the FM10A serves as an educational tool. Users can learn about radio frequency technology, electromagnetic theories, and audio broadcasting principles, making it an excellent addition to any STEM program. Overall, the Ramsey Electronics FM10A is a stand-out choice for anyone looking to delve into the world of FM transmission with a robust, user-friendly device that doesn't compromise on quality and functionality.