Cisco Systems ASA 5585-X, ASA 5505, ASA 5545-X, ASA 5580 Licensing for Cisco Unified Presence, 19-7

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Chapter 19 Configuring Cisco Unified Presence

Licensing for Cisco Unified Presence

nat (inside,outside) source static obj_host_<private cup2 ip> obj_host_<public cup2 IP> service

obj_udp_source_eq_5269 obj_udp_source_eq_5269

nat (inside,outside) source static obj_host_<private cup2 ip> obj_host_<public cup2 IP> service

obj_tcp_source_eq_5269 obj_tcp_source_eq_5269

nat (inside,outside) source static obj_host_<private cup3 ip> obj_host_<public cup3 IP> service

obj_udp_source_eq_5269 obj_udp_source_eq_5269

nat (inside,outside) source static obj_host_<private cup3 ip> obj_host_<public cup IP> service

obj_tcp_source_eq_5269 obj_tcp_source_eq_5269

Licensing for Cisco Unified Presence

The Cisco Unified Presence feature supported by the ASA require a Unified Communications Proxy license.

The following table shows the Unified Communications Proxy license details by platform:

Note

This feature is not available on No Payload Encryption models.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Model

 

License Requirement1

 

ASA 5505

 

Base License and Security Plus License: 2 sessions.

 

 

 

Optional license: 24 sessions.

 

 

 

 

 

ASA 5510

 

Base License and Security Plus License: 2 sessions.

 

 

 

Optional licenses: 24, 50, or 100 sessions.

 

 

 

 

 

ASA 5520

 

Base License: 2 sessions.

 

 

 

Optional licenses: 24, 50, 100, 250, 500, 750, or 1000 sessions.

 

 

 

 

 

ASA 5540

 

Base License: 2 sessions.

 

 

 

Optional licenses: 24, 50, 100, 250, 500, 750, 1000, or 2000 sessions.

 

 

 

 

 

ASA 5550

 

Base License: 2 sessions.

 

 

 

Optional licenses: 24, 50, 100, 250, 500, 750, 1000, 2000, or 3000 sessions.

 

 

 

 

 

ASA 5580

 

Base License: 2 sessions.

 

 

 

Optional licenses: 24, 50, 100, 250, 500, 750, 1000, 2000, 3000, 5000, or 10,000 sessions.2

 

ASA 5512-X

 

Base License: 2 sessions.

 

 

 

Optional licenses: 24, 50, 100, 250, or 500 sessions.

 

 

 

 

 

ASA 5515-X

 

Base License: 2 sessions.

 

 

 

Optional licenses: 24, 50, 100, 250, or 500 sessions.

 

 

 

 

 

ASA 5525-X

 

Base License: 2 sessions.

 

 

 

Optional licenses: 24, 50, 100, 250, 500, 750, or 1000 sessions.

 

 

 

 

 

Cisco ASA Series Firewall CLI Configuration Guide

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Contents Software Version Cisco ASA Series Firewall CLI Configuration GuideCisco ASA Series Firewall CLI Configuration Guide Iii N T E N T SGuidelines and Limitations Default Inspection Policy Maps NAT for VPN Guidelines and Limitations Vii RulesViii Getting Started with Application Layer Protocol InspectionIPv6 Inspection Verifying and Monitoring Sun RPC Inspection Configuring Unified Communications Xii Installing a CertificateXiii Enabling the Phone Proxy with SIP and Skinny InspectionXiv CTL Client OverviewArchitecture Xvi Configuring Connection Settings and QoSXvii Configuring the Standard Priority Queue for an InterfaceXviii Bypassing Scanning with WhitelistsXix Information About the Static DatabaseConfiguring Java Applet Filtering Xxi Filtering URLs and FTP Requests with an External Server30-15 XxiiXxiii ASA 5505 Configuring Basic Network SettingsXxiv Convention Indication Document ObjectivesRelated Documentation ConventionsXxvi Obtaining Documentation and Submitting a Service RequestR T Page Information About Service Policies For Through Supported FeaturesFeature Directionality Feature Traffic? SeeFeature Matching Within a Service Policy FeatureGlobal Direction ASA IPS ASA CX Order in Which Multiple Feature Actions are AppliedIncompatibility of Certain Feature Actions Licensing Requirements for Service Policies Feature Matching for Multiple Service PoliciesGuidelines and Limitations Service Policy Guidelines Class Map GuidelinesPolicy Map Guidelines Default Settings Default ConfigurationDefault Configuration, Default Class Maps, This section includes the following topics Task Flows for Configuring Service PoliciesDefault Class Maps Task Flow for Using the Modular Policy FrameworkSee the Identifying Traffic Layer 3/4 Class Maps section on Layer 3/4 Policy Map Example Command PurposeIdentifying Traffic Layer 3/4 Class Maps Creating a Layer 3/4 Class Map for Through TrafficSee the Default Settings and NAT Limitations section on Ports are included in the match default-inspection-trafficMatch default-inspection-traffic command to narrow Except for the match any , match access-list , or match Match flow ip destination-address command to match flowsCreating a Layer 3/4 Class Map for Management Traffic Defining Actions Layer 3/4 Policy Map Creates a management class map, where classmapname is aQoS Traffic Shaping section on page 1-11 for more Task Flow for Configuring Hierarchical Policy Maps forSee the Supported Features section on Identifying Traffic Layer 3/4 Class Maps section onApplying Actions to an Interface Service Policy IPv6, see the IPv6 Guidelines section on Configuration Examples for Modular Policy FrameworkDisplays the service policy statistics Monitoring Modular Policy FrameworkApplying Inspection to Http Traffic Globally See the following commands for this exampleCiscoasaconfig# class-map httptraffic Applying Inspection and QoS Policing to Http TrafficCiscoasaconfig# service-policy httptrafficpolicy global Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map httptrafficpolicyHost Ciscoasaconfig# service-policy httpclient interface insideApplying Inspection to Http Traffic with NAT Obj-192.168.1.1Radius-accounting Feature History for Service PoliciesFeature Name Releases Feature Information Introduced class-map type management, and inspectInformation About Inspection Policy Maps Guidelines and Limitations Default Inspection Policy Maps Identifying Traffic in an Inspection Class Map section on Defining Actions in an Inspection Policy MapIdentifying Traffic in an Inspection Class Map Getting Started with Application Layer Protocol Inspection Where to Go Next Feature History for Inspection Policy Maps1lists the release history for this feature Page Configuring Network Address Translation Page Information About NAT Why Use NAT?NAT Terminology Information About Static NAT NAT TypesNAT Types Overview Static NATInformation About Static NAT with Port Address Translation Information About Static NAT with Port TranslationStatic NAT with Identity Port Translation Information About One-to-Many Static NAT4shows a typical few-to-many static NAT scenario Information About Other Mapping Scenarios Not RecommendedInformation About Dynamic NAT Dynamic NATDynamic PAT Dynamic NAT Disadvantages and AdvantagesInformation About Dynamic PAT Dynamic PAT Disadvantages and Advantages Per-Session PAT vs. Multi-Session PATNAT in Routed and Transparent Mode Identity NATNAT in Routed Mode, NAT in Transparent Mode, NAT in Transparent Mode NAT in Routed Mode10 NAT Example Transparent Mode NAT and IPv6 How NAT is ImplementedMain Differences Between Network Object NAT and Twice NAT Information About Twice NAT Information About Network Object NAT11 Twice NAT with Different Destination Addresses 12 Twice NAT with Different Destination Ports 13 Twice Static NAT with Destination Address Translation Rule Type Order of Rules within the Section NAT Rule OrderRouting NAT Packets NAT InterfacesMapped Addresses and Routing Too late Transparent Mode Routing Requirements for Remote NetworksNAT for VPN 203.0.113.16075 NAT and Remote Access VPNSame-security-traffic permit intra-interface NAT and Site-to-Site VPN19 Interface PAT and Identity NAT for Site-to-Site VPN See the following sample NAT configuration for ASA1 BoulderObject network vpnlocal Subnet 10.3.3.0 NAT and VPN Management AccessSubnet 10.2.2.0 Object network boulderinside Subnet 10.1.1.0Subnet 10.1.1.0 Nat inside,outside dynamic interface Management-access insideEnter show nat detail and show conn all Troubleshooting NAT and VPNAdd the identity NAT configuration DNS and NAT22 DNS Reply Modification, DNS Server on Outside 192.168.1.10 24 DNS Reply Modification, DNS Server on Host Network 2001DB8D1A5C8E1 26 PTR Modification, DNS Server on Host Network Page Information About Network Object NAT Configuring Network Object NATLicensing Requirements for Network Object NAT Prerequisites for Network Object NATSupports IPv6. See also the NAT and IPv6 section on Additional Guidelines Adding Network Objects for Mapped Addresses Configuring Network Object NATConfiguring Dynamic NAT ObjectObject network objname DNS and NAT section on page 3-28 for more information Additional Guidelines section onNat inside,outside dynamic nat-pat-grp interface Configuring Dynamic PAT HideMapped addresses Configures a network object for which you want to configureOptional Create a network object or group for See the Adding Network Objects for Mapped Addresses sectionWhen you want to use the interface IP address you Configures dynamic PAT for the object IP addresses. You canInterface-Routed mode only The IP address Used. For this option, you must configure a specificCiscoasaconfig-network-object#nat inside,outside dynamic Configuring Static NAT or Static NAT-with-Port-Translation Ciscoasaconfig# object network IPv4POOLCiscoasaconfig# object network IPv6INSIDE Addresses IPv4 or IPv6 that you want to translate Static NAT section on See the DNS and NAT section on page 3-28. This option isSee the Mapped Addresses and Routing section on Configuring Identity NAT Translate. See the Adding Network Objects for MappedAddresses section on Section on page 3-22 for more information NAT command. See the Determining the Egress InterfaceSee the Additional Guidelines section on Mapped Addresses and Routing section onBy default, the following rules are installed Configuring Per-Session PAT RulesMonitoring Network Object NAT Shows NAT statistics, including hits for each NAT ruleHow many times they were allocated Configuration Examples for Network Object NAT Create a network object for the internal web server Providing Access to an Inside Web Server Static NATConfigure static NAT for the object Ciscoasaconfig# object network myWebServCreate a network object for the outside web server Configure static NAT for the web serverCiscoasaconfig-network-object#nat outside,inside static Create a network object for the inside networkCreate a network object for the load balancer Configure static NAT for the load balancerCiscoasaconfig# object network myPublicIPs Ciscoasaconfig# object network myLBHostCreate a network object for the Http server address Ciscoasaconfig# object network FtpserverCiscoasaconfig# object network Httpserver Create a network object for the FTP server addressCreate a network object for the Smtp server address Ciscoasaconfig# object network SmtpserverDNS Reply Modification DNS Reply Modification Using Outside NAT 2001DB8D1A5C8E1 Ciscoasaconfig# object network Dnsserver Platform Feature Name Releases Feature Information Feature History for Network Object NATPat-pool mappedobject extended Pat-pool mappedobject flat include-reserveGeneral-attributes configuration mode Configuration mode, show nat, show nat pool, show xlateNat-assigned-to-public-ip interface tunnel-group Show nat pool Page Information About Twice NAT Configuring Twice NATLicensing Requirements for Twice NAT Prerequisites for Twice NATSupports IPv6 Configuring Twice NAT Guidelines and Limitations Adding Network Objects for Real and Mapped Addresses Configuring Twice NATConfiguring Twice NAT Configure service objects for Optional Adding Service Objects for Real and Mapped PortsCommand Purpose See the Optional Adding Service Objects for Real and Mapped See the Adding Network Objects for Real and MappedPorts section on You can optionally configure the following fallback Configure dynamic NAT. See the following guidelinesSection and Line-Optional By default, the NAT rule is Anywhere in the applicable section using the line argumentCommand Purpose For a PAT pool Subnet 203.0.113.0Subnet 2001DB8AAAA/96 Configuring Twice NAT Detailed Steps Interface keyword enables interface PAT fallback. After Configures dynamic PAT hide. See the following guidelinesMapped-Configure one of the following Interface-Routed mode only Specify the interfaceCommand Purpose Command Purpose Service tcp destination eq Subnet 192.168.1.0Host 2001DB823 Source or Destination mapped ports Source or Destination real portsSee the Static Interface NAT with Port Translation Rule Order section on page 3-18for more information aboutExamples OUTSIDEIPv6NW ObjectMAPPEDIPv6NW Subnet 2001DB8BBBB/96Source real addresses you will typically use Static Interface NAT with Port Translation section on How many times they were allocated To monitor twice NAT, enter one of the following commandsMonitoring Twice NAT Shows NAT statistics, including hits for each NAT ruleAdd a network object for the DMZ network Configuration Examples for Twice NATCiscoasaconfig# object network PATaddress1 Add a network object for the inside networkConfigure the second twice NAT rule Configure the first twice NAT ruleCiscoasaconfig# object network TelnetWebServer Add a network object for the PAT address when using TelnetAdd a service object for Telnet Ciscoasaconfig# object network myInsideNetworkAdd a service object for Http Existing functionality. The unidirectional keyword is Feature History for Twice NATWe modified the following command nat source static Show nat, show xlate, show nat poolPat-pool mappedobject flat include-reserve Nat-assigned-to-public-ip interface tunnel-group Show nat pool Configuring Access Control Page Information About Access Rules Configuring Access RulesGeneral Information About Rules Implicit PermitsInformation About EtherType Rules, Inbound and Outbound Rules Implicit DenyOutbound ACL Transactional-Commit ModelInformation About Extended Access Rules Access Rules for Returning TrafficAdditional Guidelines and Limitations Traffic Type Protocol or Port Management Access RulesInformation About EtherType Rules Supported EtherTypes and Other TrafficSupported in routed and transparent firewall modes Licensing Requirements for Access RulesPrerequisites Allowing MplsPer-User ACL Guidelines Default SettingsConfiguring Access Rules To apply an access rule, perform the following stepsSee Per-User ACL Guidelines, Per-user-override optionHostname config# object-group service myaclog Monitoring Access RulesTo monitor network access, enter the following command Show running-config access-groupFeature History for Access Rules ExtendedPermit deny is-is Transactional-commit,show running-config asp Extended, access-list webtypeIpv6 access-list webtype, ipv6-vpn-filter Access-list extended, service-object, serviceLicensing Requirements for AAA Rules AAA PerformanceInformation About Authentication Configuring Authentication for Network AccessASA Authentication Prompts One-Time AuthenticationAAA Prompts and Identity Firewall Name name1@name2 Password password1@password2Static PAT and Http AAA Rules as a Backup Authentication MethodNat inside,outside static 10.48.66.155 service tcp 111 Configuring Network Access Authentication Authentication include command whichUser-group any and user-group none can be Lockout command Protocol ldap Ldap-login-passwordLdap-over-ssl enable Aaa authentication match Auth inside LdapEnabling Secure Authentication of Web Clients Authenticating Https Connections with a Virtual Server Authenticating Directly with the ASAAuthenticating Telnet Connections with a Virtual Server Authentication include command Configuring TACACS+ Authorization Configuring Authorization for Network AccessFTP in the ACL, because the user must authenticate Authenticate. For details, see the general operationsAuthentication, while deny entries exclude matching Traffic from authentication. Be sure to includeAuthorization include command which Authentication match commandAbout the Downloadable ACL Feature and Cisco Secure ACS Configuring Radius AuthorizationACSCiscoSecure-Defined-ACL=acl-set-name Access-list aclname extended Configuring Cisco Secure ACS for Downloadable ACLsDownloaded ACL on the ASA consists of the following lines With the following textIpinacl#nnn= Filter-id=aclname Configuring Accounting for Network AccessAccounting include command which Information, see the Configuring Network AccessAuthentication section on page 7-7. If you want Access-list commandConfiguring AAA Rules for Network Access Mac-exempt match command Feature History for AAA Rules Page Configuring Application Inspection Page How Inspection Engines Work Getting Started with Application Layer Protocol InspectionHow Inspection Engines Work When to Use Application Protocol InspectionSupports IPv6 for the following inspections Failover Guidelines323 H.225 Default Settings and NAT LimitationsNetBIOS Name IP OptionsServer over IP Smtp SQL*NetSun RPC over Configuring Application Layer Protocol Inspection View the entire class map using the following command Ciscoasaconfig# policy-mapname ciscoasaconfig-pmap# Keywords Ipsec-pass-thru mapname Icmp Icmp error IlsNetbios mapname Ip-options mapnameScansafe mapname Sqlnet SunrpcTftp Waas Xdmcp 10-1 DNS InspectionDNS Inspection Actions Default Settings for DNS InspectionInformation About DNS Inspection General Information About DNSDo one of the following 10-3Class-map type inspect dns match-all 10-4 Defining Actions in an Inspection Policy Map section onSection Keyword specifies the question portion of a DNS message.Section the authority keyword specifies the Authority RR Section the additional keyword specifies the Additional RRMatches a DNS message domain name list. The regexname 10-6Match not domain-name regex regexid 10-7 Id-mismatch count number duration seconds actionMessage-length maximum length client length auto Tsig enforced action drop log-Requires a TsigConfiguring DNS Inspection Layer 3/4 Class Maps section on page 1-12 for more10-8 Monitoring DNS Inspection Dynamic-filter-snoop keyword, see the Enabling DNS10-9 10-10 Ciscoasa# show service-policyFTP Inspection FTP Inspection Overview10-11 Using the strict Option10-12 10-13 10-14 Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect ftp mymapHttp Inspection Overview Ciscoasaconfig# service-policy ftp-policy interface insideHttp Inspection Verifying and Monitoring FTP Inspection10-16 10-17 Ciscoasaconfig-cmap#match not req-resp content-type mismatch10-18 Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect http policymapname10-19 IM Inspection Overview Icmp Error InspectionIcmp Inspection Instant Messaging InspectionCiscoasaconfig-cmap#match not protocol im-yahoo im-msn 10-21Conference games 10-22 Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect im policymapname10-23 IP Options Inspection10-24 IP Options Inspection OverviewCiscoasaconfig-pmap-p#router-alert action allow clear IPsec Pass Through Inspection10-25 10-26 IPv6 InspectionIPsec Pass Through Inspection Overview Example for Defining an IPsec Pass Through Parameter Map10-27 Default Settings for IPv6 InspectionOptional Configuring an IPv6 Inspection Policy Map Information about IPv6 Inspection10-28 Routing-address count gt number -Sets the maximumConfiguring IPv6 Inspection To enable IPv6 inspection, perform the following steps10-29 NetBIOS Inspection NetBIOS Inspection Overview10-30 10-31 10-32 Pptp InspectionSmtp and Extended Smtp Inspection Smtp and Esmtp Inspection Overview10-33 10-34 Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect esmtp policymapname10-35 Tftp Inspection10-36 Ctiqbe Inspection Ctiqbe Inspection Overview11-1 Limitations and Restrictions Verifying and Monitoring Ctiqbe Inspection11-2 11-3 InspectionInspection Overview How H.323 Works11-4 11-5 Support in H.245 Messages11-6 Ciscoasaconfig-cmap#match not media-type audio data video Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect h323 policymapname11-7 11-8 Ciscoasaconfig# ras-rcf-pinholes enableCiscoasaconfig-pmap-p#rtp-conformance enforce-payloadtype Ciscoasaconfig-pmap-p#state-checking h225 ras11-9 Configuring H.323 and H.225 Timeout ValuesVerifying and Monitoring H.323 Inspection Monitoring H.225 SessionsCiscoasa# show h323-ras Monitoring H.245 SessionsMonitoring H.323 RAS Sessions 11-10Mgcp Inspection Mgcp Inspection Overview11-11 11-12 Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect mgcp mapnameConfiguring Mgcp Timeout Values Following example shows how to define an Mgcp map11-13 Rtsp Inspection Verifying and Monitoring Mgcp Inspection11-14 11-15 Using RealPlayerRtsp Inspection Overview Restrictions and Limitations11-16 Ciscoasaconfig-cmap#match not request-method method11-17 Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect rtsp policymapnameSIP Inspection SIP Inspection Overview11-18 11-19 SIP Instant Messaging11-20 11-21 Ciscoasaconfig-cmap#match not content length gt lengthCiscoasaconfig-cmap#match not uri sip tel length gt length Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect sip policymapname11-22 Ciscoasaconfig-pmap-p#software-version action mask log log Ciscoasaconfig-pmap-p#uri-non-sip action mask log log11-23 11-24 Configuring SIP Timeout ValuesSkinny Sccp Inspection Verifying and Monitoring SIP InspectionSccp Inspection Overview Supporting Cisco IP Phones11-25 11-26 Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect skinny policymapname11-27 Ciscoasaconfig-pmap-p#sccp-prefix-len max min valuelength11-28 Verifying and Monitoring Sccp InspectionILS Inspection ILS Inspection, SQL*Net Inspection, Sun RPC Inspection,12-1 12-2 SQL*Net InspectionSun RPC Inspection Sun RPC Inspection Overview12-3 Managing Sun RPC Services Verifying and Monitoring Sun RPC Inspection12-4 Ciscoasa# show sunrpc-server active 12-512-6 Dcerpc Inspection Dcerpc Overview13-1 13-2 Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect dcerpc policymapnameGTP Inspection GTP Inspection Overview13-3 13-4 Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect gtp policymapnameCiscoasaconfig# object-group network GSN-pool-name Ciscoasaconfig-network#network-object host13-5 Ciscoasaconfig# object-group network SGSN-name Ciscoasaconfig# object-group network sgsn3213-6 13-7 Ciscoasaconfig# service-policy globalpolicy globalCiscoasa# show service-policy inspect gtp statistics Verifying and Monitoring GTP InspectionCiscoasa# show service-policy gtp statistics grep gsn Radius Accounting Inspection13-8 Inspect radius-accounting radiusaccountingmap Configure the service policyRadius Accounting Inspection Overview 13-913-10 RSH InspectionSnmp Inspection Snmp Inspection Overview13-11 Xdmcp Inspection13-12 Configuring Unified Communications Page 14-1 14-2 Application Might not needCertificate for Phone proxy14-4 Model License Requirement1ASA Base License and Security Plus License 2 sessions ASA Base License 2 sessionsASA 5585-X with Base License 2 sessions SSP-10 ASA 5585-X with Base License 2 sessions SSP-20, -40, or14-5 14-6 IME15-1 Cisco Mobility Advantage ProxyCisco Presence Federation Proxy Cisco Intercompany Media Engine Proxy15-2 15-3 Licensing Requirements for the Unified Communication Wizard15-4 Supports IPv6 addresses15-5 Configuring the Private Network for the Phone ProxyConfiguring Servers for the Phone Proxy Click the Generate and Export LDC Certificate button15-6 15-7 Address Default Port Description15-8 15-9 Configuring the Public IP Phone Network15-10 15-11 15-12 15-13 15-14 Dialog box. See Installing a Certificate, Certificate,15-15 15-16 15-17 Basic Deployment Off-path Deployment15-18 15-19 15-20 Other, respectively, during TLS handshakes Wizard supports using self-signed certificates onlyCisco UCMs need to be installed on the security appliance Supports installing self-signed certificates15-22 Installing a Certificate Exporting an Identity Certificate15-23 15-24 Click Install Certificate15-25 Saving the Identity Certificate Request15-26 15-27 15-28 Information About the Cisco Phone Proxy Phone Proxy Functionality16-1 TCP/RTP TLS/SRTP 16-216-3 Supported Cisco UCM and IP Phones for the Phone ProxyCisco Unified Communications Manager Cisco Unified IP Phones16-4 Licensing Requirements for the Phone Proxy16-5 16-6 Prerequisites for the Phone ProxyMedia Termination Instance Prerequisites This section contains the following topicsACL Rules Certificates from the Cisco UCMDNS Lookup Prerequisites Cisco Unified Communications Manager PrerequisitesPAT Prerequisites NAT and PAT PrerequisitesAddress Port Protocol Description NAT Prerequisites16-9 Prerequisites for IP Phones on Multiple Interfaces7940 IP Phones Support There must be two CTL file record entries for the Cisco UCMCipc security-mode authenticated Cisco IP Communicator Prerequisites16-10 16-11 Rate Limiting Configuration ExamplePrerequisites for Rate Limiting Tftp Requests Icmp deny any outside16-12 Phone Proxy Guidelines and LimitationsEnd-User Phone Provisioning Ways to Deploy IP Phones to End Users16-13 General Guidelines and LimitationsConfiguring the Phone Proxy Media Termination Address Guidelines and Limitations16-14 Importing Certificates from the Cisco UCM Choose Security Certificate Management16-15 Certificate Name Required for Authenticating IP phones with an LSCHostnameconfig# crypto ca trustpoint trustpointname Hostnameconfig# crypto ca authenticate trustpoint16-17 Creating Trustpoints and Generating Certificates16-18 Creating the CTL FilePrerequisites What to Do Next16-19 16-20 Using an Existing CTL File16-21 Creating the TLS Proxy for a Mixed-mode Cisco UCM Cluster16-22 16-23 Creating the Media Termination InstanceCucm/cucos/504/iptpch6.html#wp1040848 Cucm/cucos/504/iptpch6.html#wp1040354Creating the Phone Proxy Instance See Media Termination Instance Prerequisites16-24 16-25 See Creating the Media Termination InstanceEnabling the Phone Proxy with SIP and Skinny Inspection See Cisco IP Communicator Prerequisites16-26 16-27 16-28 Troubleshooting the Phone ProxyConfiguring Your Router Debugging Information from the Security Appliance16-29 Use the Command16-30 Show conn all Show asp dropDebugging Information from IP Phones Show asp table classify domain16-32 Debugging Information from IP Phones16-33 Tftp Auth Error Displays on IP Phone ConsoleProblem The IP phone displays the following Status message IP Phone Registration Failure16-34 Configuration File Parsing ErrorConfiguration File Parsing Error Unable to Get DNS Response Ciscoasa# show running-config all ctl-file ctlnameHostname# debug phone-proxy tftp Non-configuration File Parsing ErrorPhone-proxy tftp 16-35Hostname# capture out interface outside 16-3616-37 IP Phone Requesting Unsigned File ErrorHostnameconfig# show running-config all phone-proxy IP Phone Unable to Download CTL File16-38 IP Phone Registration Failure from Signaling ConnectionsHostname# show run all ssl To add the required ciphers, enter the following commandDebug sip Debug skinny 16-3916-40 SSL Handshake FailureMedia Termination Address Errors Certificate Validation Errors16-41 Audio Problems with IP Phones Saving Sast Keys16-42 16-43 Record-entry capf trustpoint trustpoint address address Configuration Examples for the Phone Proxy16-44 Record-entry cucm trustpoint trustpoint address addressCorporate Network 16-45Fqdn my-ldc-ca.exmaple.com 16-46Phone a 10.10.0.24 16-4716-48 ASA Outside Interface Phone a 10.10.0.24 16-4916-50 16-51 Enroll terminal crypto ca authenticate capf ctl-file myctl16-52 Example 6 Vlan TransversalASA Inside Interface 10.130.50.24 16-5316-54 Feature History for the Phone Proxy17-1 17-2 Supported Cisco UCM and IP Phones for the TLS Proxy17-3 CTL Client Overview17-4 CTL Client TLS Proxy Features ASA IP Address or Domain Name17-5 Licensing for the TLS Proxy17-6 17-7 Configuring the TLS Proxy for Encrypted Voice InspectionCiscoasaconfig# tls-proxy maximum-sessions Ciscoasaconfig# show crypto ca server certificate17-8 17-9 17-10 Creating an Internal CA17-11 Creating a CTL Provider Instance17-12 Creating the TLS Proxy Instance17-13 Crypto ca trustpoint command17-14 17-15 Monitoring the TLS ProxyAES128-SHA 17-162lists the release history for this feature TLS Proxy TLS proxy feature was introduced17-17 17-18 18-1 Cisco Mobility Advantage Proxy FunctionalityHostnameconfig-tlsp#no server authenticate-client Mobility Advantage Proxy Deployment Scenarios18-2 TLS 18-3Mobility Advantage Proxy Using NAT/PAT Versus18-4 18-5 Trust Relationships for Cisco UMA DeploymentsConfiguring Cisco Mobility Advantage Longer requires a Unified Communications Proxy license18-6 18-7 Task Flow for Configuring Cisco Mobility AdvantageInstalling the Cisco UMA Server Certificate Enabling the TLS Proxy for MMP Inspection,18-8 18-9 Enabling the TLS Proxy for MMP Inspection18-10 Exits from the Policy Map configuration modeEnables the service policy on all interfaces Monitoring for Cisco Mobility Advantage18-11 Configuration Examples for Cisco Mobility Advantage18-12 18-13 18-14 Feature History for Cisco Mobility Advantage19-1 Information About Cisco Unified Presence19-2 Ciscoasaconfig# object network obj-10.0.0.2-0119-3 19-4 Trust Relationship in the Presence Federation19-5 Xmpp Federation Deployments19-6 Configuration Requirements for Xmpp FederationConfigure the following NAT commands Allow traffic from any address to any single node on port19-7 Licensing for Cisco Unified Presence19-8 Configuring Cisco Unified Presence Proxy for SIP Federation19-9 Install the certificates. See Installing Certificates,Installing Certificates Trustpoint for the remote entity19-10 19-11 19-12 Trust-pointcommand is the remote entity proxy Enabling the TLS Proxy for SIP Inspection19-13 19-14 Configuration Example for Cisco Unified PresenceExample Configuration for SIP Federation Deployments, Monitoring Cisco Unified Presence19-15 Example Configuration for SIP Federation Deployments19-16 19-17 Example ACL Configuration for Xmpp Federation19-18 Example NAT Configuration for Xmpp Federation19-19 19-20 Feature History for Cisco Unified Presence20-1 Features of Cisco Intercompany Media Engine Proxy20-2 How the UC-IME Works with the Pstn and the Internet20-3 Tickets and Passwords20-4 Call Fallback to the PstnArchitecture Architecture, Basic Deployment, Off Path Deployment,20-5 20-6 Basic DeploymentLicensing for Cisco Intercompany Media Engine Off Path Deployment20-7 20-8 Supported in single context mode onlySupported in routed firewall mode only Does not support IPv6 addresses20-9 Configuring Cisco Intercompany Media Engine Proxy Task Flow for Configuring Cisco Intercompany Media Engine20-10 Configuring NAT for Cisco Intercompany Media Engine Proxy Create the TLS proxy. See Creating the TLS Proxy,20-11 20-12 Cisco UCM that you want to translate20-13 Configuring PAT for the Cisco UCM Server20-14 20-15 Creating ACLs for Cisco Intercompany Media Engine ProxyProcedure Guidelines20-16 Creating the Cisco Intercompany Media Engine Proxy See Creating the Cisco Intercompany Media Engine20-17 20-18 20-19 Show running-config uc-ime command20-20 20-21 Prerequisites for Installing Certificates20-22 20-23 Creating the TLS ProxyCreating Trustpoints and Generating Certificates section on20-24 Created in , page 20-15of the task Creating ACLs for Cisco Intercompany Media Engine Proxy20-25 20-26 Optional Configuring TLS within the Local EnterpriseWhere policymapname is the name of the policy Map you created in of this task20-27 Commands PurposeWhere proxytrustpoint for the server trust-point Where proxytrustpoint for the client trust-point20-28 20-29 Optional Configuring Off Path Signaling20-30 Intercompany Media Engine Proxy,Creating the Cisco Intercompany Media Engine Proxy,20-31 20-32 20-33 Show uc-ime signaling-sessionsShow uc-ime signaling-sessions statistics Show uc-ime media-sessions detail20-34 20-35 Show uc-ime mapping-service-sessionsShow uc-ime mapping-service-sessions statistics Show uc-ime fallback-notification statistics20-36 Configuring Connection Settings and QoS Page 22-1 Information About Connection SettingsTCP Intercept and Limiting Embryonic Connections Dead Connection Detection DCD22-2 22-3 TCP Sequence RandomizationTCP Normalization TCP State Bypass22-4 Licensing Requirements for Connection SettingsTCP Normalizer TCP State Bypass Unsupported FeaturesMaximum Concurrent and Embryonic Connection Guidelines TCP State BypassCustomizing the TCP Normalizer with a TCP Map Configuring Connection SettingsTask Flow For Configuring Connection Settings For each TCP map, you can customize one or more settings22-7 22-8 Command22-9 Command22-10 22-11 Configuring Connection SettingsUrgent-flag allow clear Window-variation allow drop22-12 22-13 Random-sequence-number enable disable keywordTCP Sequence Randomization section on page 22-3 section for Embryonic-conn-max keywordsTo 0, which means the connection never times out Command in the command referenceEmbryonic hh mm ss keyword sets the timeout period until a Idle hh mm ss keyword sets the idle timeout period after22-15 Monitoring Connection SettingsConfiguration Examples for Connection Settings Configuration Examples for Connection Limits and Timeouts22-16 Configuration Examples for TCP State BypassConfiguration Examples for TCP Normalization Following is a sample configuration for TCP state bypass22-17 Feature History for Connection SettingsPer-client-max Timeout half-closed,timeout half-closedConn-max,set connection embryonic-conn-max,set Connection per-client-embryonic-max,set connection23-1 Information About QoSSupported QoS Features What is a Token Bucket?23-2 Information About Policing Information About Priority Queuing23-3 How QoS Features Interact Information About Traffic Shaping23-4 Model Guidelines Licensing Requirements for QoSDscp and DiffServ Preservation Does not support IPv623-6 Configuring QoS23-7 Mbps125 Kbps23-8 Configuring the Standard Priority Queue for an InterfacePriority queue, or for the ASA 5505 or ASASM, the Vlan Interface name23-9 23-10 23-11 Step23-12 23-13 23-14 Configuring the Service RuleMultiple of 8000. See the Information About Traffic Shaping Priority Queuing Policy section on23-15 23-16 Ciscoasa# show service-policy policeMonitoring QoS Viewing QoS Police StatisticsViewing QoS Standard Priority Statistics Viewing QoS Shaping Statistics23-17 Viewing QoS Standard Priority Queue Statistics 23-18Ciscoasa# show priority-queue statistics test 23-19 Feature History for QoS23-20 Troubleshooting Connections and Resources Testing Your Configuration24-1 24-2 Enabling Icmp Debugging Messages and Syslog Messages24-3 Pinging ASA Interfaces24-4 ASA24-5 Passing Traffic Through the ASA24-6 Disabling the Test Configuration24-7 Monitoring Per-Process CPU UsageDetermining Packet Routing with Traceroute Tracing Packets with Packet Tracer24-8 Configuring Advanced Network Protection Page 25-1 Configuring the ASA for Cisco Cloud Web Security25-2 User Authentication and Cloud Web SecurityInformation About Cisco Cloud Web Security Redirection of Web Traffic to Cloud Web Security25-3 Authentication KeysCompany Authentication Key Group Authentication Key Company Authentication Key, Group Authentication Key,25-4 ScanCenter PolicyDirectory Groups Custom GroupsHow Groups and the Authentication Key Interoperate Cloud Web Security Actions25-5 IPv4 and IPv6 Support Failover from Primary to Backup Proxy ServerLicensing Requirements for Cisco Cloud Web Security Bypassing Scanning with Whitelists25-7 Optional User Authentication PrerequisitesPrerequisites for Cloud Web Security Optional Fully Qualified Domain Name PrerequisitesConfiguring Cisco Cloud Web Security By default, Cisco Cloud Web Security is not enabled25-8 25-9 See the Authentication Keys section on25-10 Config-url disk0/onectx.cfg Context two25-11 Optional Configuring Whitelisted Traffic section on25-12 Adding an Extended Access Control List,25-13 Policy section on page 1-17for more information25-14 25-15 Optional Configuring Whitelisted Traffic25-16 Optional Configuring the User Identity MonitorConfiguring the Cloud Web Security Policy Object-group-user-Specifies an object-group user nameMonitoring Cloud Web Security Http//Whoami.scansafe.net25-17 Configuration Examples for Cisco Cloud Web Security Single Mode Example25-18 25-19 Multiple Mode ExampleWhitelist Example To attach class-maps to the Cloud Web Security Policy mapConfiguring the Active Directory Server Using Ldap Directory Integration Examples25-20 Creating the ASA as a Client on the AD Agent Server Configuring the Active Directory Agent Using RadiusTesting the AD Agent Configuring the Identity Options on the ASAShowing a List of Active Users Cloud Web Security with Identity Firewall ExampleMonitoring the Active Directory Groups Downloading the Database from the AD Agent25-23 Aaa-server AD inside host 192.168.116.220 server-port 25-24No call-home reporting anonymous call-home 25-2525-26 Feature History for Cisco Cloud Web SecurityRelated Documents Related DocumentsInformation About the Botnet Traffic Filter Botnet Traffic Filter Address Types,26-1 Information About the Dynamic Database Botnet Traffic Filter Address TypesBotnet Traffic Filter Actions for Known Addresses Botnet Traffic Filter Databases26-3 Information About the Static Database26-4 26-5 How the Botnet Traffic Filter WorksLicensing Requirements for the Botnet Traffic Filter Prerequisites for the Botnet Traffic Filter26-6 Configuring the Botnet Traffic Filter Task Flow for Configuring the Botnet Traffic Filter26-7 26-8 Configuring the Dynamic DatabaseAdding Entries to the Static Database See the Adding Entries to the Static Database section on26-9 26-10 Enabling DNS SnoopingSee the Enabling DNS Snooping section on TCP DNS traffic is not supported26-11 26-12 Inspection section on page 10-1 for more information about26-13 Recommended ConfigurationVery-low Low Moderate High Very-high Subset of the dynamic-filter enable ACLSee the Blocking Botnet Traffic Manually section on Threat-level range moderate very-high26-15 For dropping purposes. If you do not enable this commandBlocking Botnet Traffic Manually About the greylist26-16 Searching the Dynamic Database26-17 Botnet Traffic Filter CommandsMonitoring the Botnet Traffic Filter Botnet Traffic Filter Syslog MessagingInfected-hosts command Dns-snoop command26-18 Ciscoasa# show dynamic-filter reports top malware-ports Configuration Examples for the Botnet Traffic FilterRecommended Configuration Example 26-19Other Configuration Examples 26-20Outside 26-21 26-22 Feature History for the Botnet Traffic Filter27-1 Configuring Threat DetectionInformation About Threat Detection Licensing Requirements for Threat DetectionConfiguring Basic Threat Detection Statistics Information About Basic Threat Detection Statistics27-2 Types of Traffic Monitored Trigger Settings Packet Drop Reason Average Rate Burst RateGuidelines and Limitations Security Context Guidelines27-4 Configuring Basic Threat Detection StatisticsMonitoring Basic Threat Detection Statistics Threat Detection Statistics section on27-5 27-6 Configuring Advanced Threat Detection StatisticsFeature History for Basic Threat Detection Statistics Information About Advanced Threat Detection Statistics27-7 Configuring Advanced Threat Detection Statistics27-8 27-9 Monitoring Advanced Threat Detection Statistics27-10 27-11 Using the show threat-detection rate acl-drop command27-12 Protocolnumber argument is an integer between 0Statistics Field27-13 Field Description27-14 Feature History for Advanced Threat Detection StatisticsConfiguring Scanning Threat Detection Information About Scanning Threat Detection27-15 27-16 Average Rate Burst RateDisplays the hosts that are currently shunned Configuring Scanning Threat DetectionConfiguration see the Configuring Basic Threat Detection Monitoring Shunned Hosts, Attackers, and Targets27-18 Feature History for Scanning Threat Detection27-19 Configuration Examples for Threat Detection27-20 28-1 Preventing IP SpoofingConfiguring the Fragment Size Blocking Unwanted Connections28-2 28-3 Configuring IP Audit for Basic IPS SupportConfiguring IP Audit Configuring IP Audit, IP Audit Signature List,28-4 IP Audit Signature List1lists supported signatures and system message numbers Signature Message Number Signature Title28-5 28-6 28-7 28-8 29-1 Information About Web Traffic Filtering29-2 Configuring ActiveX FilteringLicensing Requirements for ActiveX Filtering Information About ActiveX Filtering29-3 Configuring ActiveX FilteringConfiguration Examples for ActiveX Filtering Guidelines and Limitations for ActiveX FilteringLicensing Requirements for Java Applet Filtering Configuring Java Applet FilteringFeature History for ActiveX Filtering Information About Java Applet Filtering29-5 Configuring Java Applet FilteringConfiguration Examples for Java Applet Filtering Guidelines and Limitations for Java Applet Filtering29-6 Feature History for Java Applet FilteringFiltering URLs and FTP Requests with an External Server Information About URL FilteringLicensing Requirements for URL Filtering Guidelines and Limitations for URL Filtering29-7 Identifying the Filtering Server Choose from the following options29-8 29-9 Maximum memory allocation of 2 KB to 10 MB Configuring Additional URL Filtering SettingsBuffering the Content Server Response Replaces block-buffer with the maximum number of HttpWebsense server Caching Server AddressesFiltering Http URLs On the Websense server29-12 29-13 Filtering Https URLsFiltering FTP Requests Might enter cd ./files instead of cd /public/files29-14 Ciscoasa# show url-server Following is sample output from the show url-servercommandMonitoring Filtering Statistics 29-1529-16 Following is sample output from the show url-blockcommandFollowing is sample output from the show perfmon command Following is sample output from the show filter command29-17 Feature History for URL Filtering29-18 Configuring Modules Page 30-1 Information About the ASA CX Module30-2 How the ASA CX Module Works with the ASA30-3 Monitor-Only ModeService Policy in Monitor-Only Mode Traffic-Forwarding Interface in Monitor-Only Mode30-4 Initial ConfigurationInitial Configuration, Policy Configuration and Management, Information About ASA CX ManagementInformation About VPN and the ASA CX Module Information About Authentication ProxyCompatibility with ASA Features Policy Configuration and Management30-6 Licensing Requirements for the ASA CX Module30-7 Monitor-Only Mode GuidelinesASA Clustering Guidelines Does not support clusteringTask Flow for the ASA CX Module Configuring the ASA CX ModuleSee the Compatibility with ASA Features section on Parameters DefaultConnecting the ASA CX Management Interface ASA 5585-X Hardware Module30-9 If you have an inside router If you do not have an inside router30-10 30-11 ASA 5512-X through ASA 5555-X Software Module30-12 Example Partition the SSD30-13 30-14 Session 1 do setup host ipASA 5585-X Changing the ASA CX Management IP Address Sets the ASA CX management IP address, mask, and gatewayEnter an IPv6 address 2001DB80CD301234/64 Configuring Basic ASA CX Settings at the ASA CX CLI30-15 Ciscoasa# session cxsc consoleChange the admin password by entering the following command Asacx config passwd30-16 30-17 Optional Configuring the Authentication Proxy PortCreating the ASA CX Service Policy Redirecting Traffic to the ASA CX Module30-18 30-19 See the Monitor-Only Mode section on page 30-3 for moreConfiguring Traffic-Forwarding Interfaces Monitor-Only Mode See the Feature Matching Within a Service Policy section on30-20 30-21 Managing the ASA CX Module30-22 Resetting the PasswordReloading or Resetting the Module For a software module ASA 5512-X through ASA30-23 Shutting Down the ModuleReload Sw-module module cxsc uninstallNew module type 30-2430-25 Admin123Monitoring the ASA CX Module Showing Module Status30-26 Showing Module Statistics30-27 Monitoring Module ConnectionsShow asp event dp-cp cxsc-msg Dp-cp‘X’ flag 30-2830-29 Ciscoasa# show asp dropCiscoasa# show asp event dp-cp cxsc-msg 30-30 Troubleshooting the ASA CX ModuleCapturing Module Traffic Debugging the Module30-31 Problems with the Authentication Proxy30-32 Configuration Examples for the ASA CX ModuleCheck the authentication proxy port Check the authentication proxy rules30-33 Feature History for the ASA CX Module30-34 We modified or introduced the following commands cxscFail-close fail-openmonitor-only,traffic-forward Cxsc monitor-onlyCapture interface asadataplane command Asadataplane30-35 30-36 31-1 Information About the ASA IPS Module31-2 How the ASA IPS Module Works with the ASAUsing Virtual Sensors ASA 5510 and Higher Operating Modes31-3 31-4 Information About Management Access31-5 Licensing Requirements for the ASA IPS module1lists the default settings for the ASA IPS module Management Vlan ASA 5505 only31-6 Configuring the ASA IPS module Task Flow for the ASA IPS Module31-7 31-8 Connecting the ASA IPS Management Interface31-9 31-10 ASAASA 5512-X through ASA 5555-X Booting the Software Module Sessioning to the Module from the ASA31-11 31-12 Configuring Basic IPS Module Network SettingsFor example, using the filename in the example in , enter Ciscoasa# sw-module module ips recover bootSessioning to the Module from the ASA Section on ASA 5510 and Higher Configuring Basic Network SettingsASA 5505 Configuring Basic Network Settings Connecting the ASA IPS Management Interface section on31-14 Configuring the Security Policy on the ASA IPS Module Details command31-15 31-16 31-17 31-18 Diverting Traffic to the ASA IPS module31-19 31-20 31-21 Installing and Booting an Image on the ModuleManaging the ASA IPS module IPS module31-22 31-23 Uninstalling a Software Module ImageSw-module module ips uninstall For a software module for example, the ASA 5545-XSw-module module ips password-reset For a software module for example, the ASA31-24 Monitoring the ASA IPS module Ips for a software module31-25 Configuration Examples for the ASA IPS module 31-26Ciscoasa# show module ips 31-27 Feature History for the ASA IPS moduleAllow-ssc-mgmt,hw-module module ip, and hw-module Module allow-ipInventory, show environment Session, show module, sw-module31-28 32-1 Information About the CSC SSM32-2 ASA32-3 Determining What Traffic to Scan32-4 Common Network Configuration for CSC SSM ScanningLicensing Requirements for the CSC SSM Prerequisites for the CSC SSM32-5 32-6 1lists the default settings for the CSC SSMParameter Default Supported in single and multiple context modesConfiguring the CSC SSM Before Configuring the CSC SSM32-7 Connecting to the CSC SSM See the Connecting to the CSC SSM section on32-8 32-9 32-10 Diverting Traffic to the CSC SSMSee the Diverting Traffic to the CSC SSM section on Determining What Traffic to Scan section on32-11 32-12 Guidelines and Limitations section onDisplays additional status information Monitoring the CSC SSMSee the Monitoring the CSC SSM section on Displays the statusTroubleshooting the CSC Module Installing an Image on the Module32-14 Resetting the Password Recover command32-15 32-16 Reloading or Resetting the ModuleShuts down the module Configuration Examples for the CSC SSMCiscoasaconfig-cmap#policy-map cscinpolicy Shutting Down the ModuleAssistance with the Startup Wizard Additional ReferencesRelated Topic Document Title Instructions on use of the CSC SSM GUI32-19 Feature History for the CSC SSMFeature Name Platform Releases Feature Information Details recover32-20 IN-1 IN-2 IN-3 IN-4 IN-5 IN-6 See also policy mapLDP 6-7router-id 6-7TDP Multi-session PAT RPC not supported withIN-7 IN-8 IN-9 IN-10
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ASA 5555-X, and the ASA Services Module, ASA 5545-X, ASA 5585-X, ASA 5580 specifications

Cisco Systems has long been a leader in the field of network security, and its Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) series is a testament to this expertise. Within the ASA lineup, models such as the ASA 5505, ASA 5580, ASA 5585-X, ASA 5545-X, and ASA 5555-X stand out for their unique features, capabilities, and technological advancements.

The Cisco ASA 5505 is designed for small businesses or branch offices. It provides essential security features such as firewall protection, flexible VPN capabilities, and intrusion prevention. The ASA 5505 supports a user-friendly interface, allowing for straightforward management. Its built-in threat detection and prevention tools provide a layered defense, and with scalability in mind, it can accommodate various expansion options as organizational needs grow.

Moving up the line, the ASA 5580 delivers greater throughput and advanced security features. This model is suited for medium to large enterprises that require robust protection against increasingly sophisticated threats. Its multi-core architecture allows it to manage high volumes of traffic seamlessly while maintaining excellent performance levels. The ASA 5580 also supports application-layer security and customizable access policies, making it highly adaptable to diverse security environments.

The ASA 5585-X further enhances Cisco's security offerings with advanced malware protection and extensive security intelligence capabilities. It incorporates next-generation firewall features, including context-aware security, and supports advanced threat detection technologies. This model is ideal for large enterprises or data centers that prioritize security while ensuring uninterrupted network performance and availability.

For enterprises requiring a balance of performance and security, the ASA 5545-X presents a compelling option. This model features scalable performance metrics, high availability, and integrated advanced threat protection. Coupled with advanced endpoint protection and detailed monitoring capabilities, the ASA 5545-X enables organizations to manage their security posture effectively.

Lastly, the ASA 5555-X blends cutting-edge technologies with strong security infrastructures. It boasts high throughput and the ability to execute deep packet inspections. Its sophisticated architecture supports threat intelligence feeds that provide real-time security updates, making it a powerful tool against modern threats.

Each of these Cisco ASA models brings specific advantages to varied environments. Their integrative capabilities enable businesses to enhance their security postures while benefiting from seamless scalability and management. As cybersecurity threats evolve, these advanced appliances play a vital role in protecting valuable digital assets.
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