Cisco Systems ASA 5545-X Icmp Icmp error Ils, Ip-options mapname, Ipsec-pass-thru mapname, Rsh

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Chapter 9 Getting Started with Application Layer Protocol Inspection

 

 

Configuring Application Layer Protocol Inspection

 

Table 9-2

Protocol Keywords

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Keywords

 

Notes

 

 

http [map_name]

If you added an HTTP inspection policy map according to

 

 

the “Configuring an HTTP Inspection Policy Map for

 

 

Additional Inspection Control” section on page 10-16,

 

 

identify the map name in this command.

 

 

 

icmp

 

—

 

 

 

icmp error

 

—

 

 

 

ils

 

—

 

 

 

im [map_name]

 

If you added an Instant Messaging inspection policy map

 

 

according to “Configuring an Instant Messaging Inspection

 

 

Policy Map for Additional Inspection Control” section on

 

 

page 10-21, identify the map name in this command.

 

 

ip-options [map_name]

If you added an IP Options inspection policy map according

 

 

to “Configuring an IP Options Inspection Policy Map for

 

 

Additional Inspection Control” section on page 10-25,

 

 

identify the map name in this command.

 

 

ipsec-pass-thru [map_name]

If you added an IPsec Pass Through inspection policy map

 

 

according to “IPsec Pass Through Inspection” section on

 

 

page 10-25, identify the map name in this command.

 

 

ipv6 [map_name]

If you added an IP Options inspection policy map according

 

 

to “(Optional) Configuring an IPv6 Inspection Policy Map”

 

 

section on page 10-27, identify the map name in this

 

 

command.

 

 

mgcp [map_name]

If you added an MGCP inspection policy map according to

 

 

“Configuring an MGCP Inspection Policy Map for

 

 

Additional Inspection Control” section on page 11-12,

 

 

identify the map name in this command.

 

 

netbios [map_name]

If you added a NetBIOS inspection policy map according to

 

 

“Configuring a NetBIOS Inspection Policy Map for

 

 

Additional Inspection Control” section on page 10-30,

 

 

identify the map name in this command.

 

 

 

pptp

 

—

 

 

radius-accounting [map_name]

The radius-accountingkeyword is only available for a

 

 

management class map. See the “Creating a Layer 3/4 Class

 

 

Map for Management Traffic” section on page 1-14for more

 

 

information about creating a management class map.

 

 

If you added a RADIUS accounting inspection policy map

 

 

according to “Configuring a RADIUS Inspection Policy

 

 

Map for Additional Inspection Control” section on

 

 

page 13-9, identify the map name in this command.

 

 

 

rsh

 

—

 

 

rtsp [map_name]

If you added a RTSP inspection policy map according to

 

 

“Configuring an RTSP Inspection Policy Map for Additional

 

 

Inspection Control” section on page 11-16, identify the map

 

 

name in this command.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cisco ASA Series Firewall CLI Configuration Guide

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

9-11

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Contents Software Version Cisco ASA Series Firewall CLI Configuration GuideCisco ASA Series Firewall CLI Configuration Guide Iii N T E N T SGuidelines and Limitations Default Inspection Policy Maps NAT for VPN Guidelines and Limitations Vii RulesViii Getting Started with Application Layer Protocol InspectionIPv6 Inspection Verifying and Monitoring Sun RPC Inspection Configuring Unified Communications Xii Installing a CertificateXiii Enabling the Phone Proxy with SIP and Skinny InspectionXiv CTL Client OverviewArchitecture Xvi Configuring Connection Settings and QoSXvii Configuring the Standard Priority Queue for an InterfaceXviii Bypassing Scanning with WhitelistsXix Information About the Static DatabaseConfiguring Java Applet Filtering Xxi Filtering URLs and FTP Requests with an External Server30-15 XxiiXxiii ASA 5505 Configuring Basic Network SettingsXxiv Convention Indication Document ObjectivesRelated Documentation ConventionsXxvi Obtaining Documentation and Submitting a Service RequestR T Page Information About Service Policies For Through Supported FeaturesFeature Directionality Feature Traffic? SeeFeature Feature Matching Within a Service PolicyGlobal Direction ASA IPS ASA CX Order in Which Multiple Feature Actions are AppliedIncompatibility of Certain Feature Actions Feature Matching for Multiple Service Policies Licensing Requirements for Service PoliciesGuidelines and Limitations Class Map Guidelines Service Policy GuidelinesPolicy Map Guidelines Default Configuration Default SettingsDefault Configuration, Default Class Maps, This section includes the following topics Task Flows for Configuring Service PoliciesDefault Class Maps Task Flow for Using the Modular Policy FrameworkSee the Identifying Traffic Layer 3/4 Class Maps section on Layer 3/4 Policy Map Example Command PurposeIdentifying Traffic Layer 3/4 Class Maps Creating a Layer 3/4 Class Map for Through TrafficPorts are included in the match default-inspection-traffic See the Default Settings and NAT Limitations section onMatch default-inspection-traffic command to narrow Match flow ip destination-address command to match flows Except for the match any , match access-list , or matchCreating a Layer 3/4 Class Map for Management Traffic Defining Actions Layer 3/4 Policy Map Creates a management class map, where classmapname is aQoS Traffic Shaping section on page 1-11 for more Task Flow for Configuring Hierarchical Policy Maps forSee the Supported Features section on Identifying Traffic Layer 3/4 Class Maps section onApplying Actions to an Interface Service Policy IPv6, see the IPv6 Guidelines section on Configuration Examples for Modular Policy FrameworkDisplays the service policy statistics Monitoring Modular Policy FrameworkApplying Inspection to Http Traffic Globally See the following commands for this exampleCiscoasaconfig# class-map httptraffic Applying Inspection and QoS Policing to Http TrafficCiscoasaconfig# service-policy httptrafficpolicy global Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map httptrafficpolicyHost Ciscoasaconfig# service-policy httpclient interface insideApplying Inspection to Http Traffic with NAT Obj-192.168.1.1Radius-accounting Feature History for Service PoliciesFeature Name Releases Feature Information Introduced class-map type management, and inspectInformation About Inspection Policy Maps Guidelines and Limitations Default Inspection Policy Maps Identifying Traffic in an Inspection Class Map section on Defining Actions in an Inspection Policy MapIdentifying Traffic in an Inspection Class Map Getting Started with Application Layer Protocol Inspection Feature History for Inspection Policy Maps Where to Go Next1lists the release history for this feature Page Configuring Network Address Translation Page Information About NAT Why Use NAT?NAT Terminology Information About Static NAT NAT TypesNAT Types Overview Static NATInformation About Static NAT with Port Address Translation Information About Static NAT with Port TranslationStatic NAT with Identity Port Translation Information About One-to-Many Static NAT4shows a typical few-to-many static NAT scenario Information About Other Mapping Scenarios Not RecommendedInformation About Dynamic NAT Dynamic NATDynamic NAT Disadvantages and Advantages Dynamic PATInformation About Dynamic PAT Dynamic PAT Disadvantages and Advantages Per-Session PAT vs. Multi-Session PATIdentity NAT NAT in Routed and Transparent ModeNAT in Routed Mode, NAT in Transparent Mode, NAT in Transparent Mode NAT in Routed Mode10 NAT Example Transparent Mode How NAT is Implemented NAT and IPv6Main Differences Between Network Object NAT and Twice NAT Information About Twice NAT Information About Network Object NAT11 Twice NAT with Different Destination Addresses 12 Twice NAT with Different Destination Ports 13 Twice Static NAT with Destination Address Translation Rule Type Order of Rules within the Section NAT Rule OrderRouting NAT Packets NAT InterfacesMapped Addresses and Routing Too late Transparent Mode Routing Requirements for Remote NetworksNAT for VPN 203.0.113.16075 NAT and Remote Access VPNSame-security-traffic permit intra-interface NAT and Site-to-Site VPN19 Interface PAT and Identity NAT for Site-to-Site VPN See the following sample NAT configuration for ASA1 BoulderObject network vpnlocal Subnet 10.3.3.0 NAT and VPN Management AccessSubnet 10.2.2.0 Object network boulderinside Subnet 10.1.1.0Subnet 10.1.1.0 Nat inside,outside dynamic interface Management-access insideEnter show nat detail and show conn all Troubleshooting NAT and VPNAdd the identity NAT configuration DNS and NAT22 DNS Reply Modification, DNS Server on Outside 192.168.1.10 24 DNS Reply Modification, DNS Server on Host Network 2001DB8D1A5C8E1 26 PTR Modification, DNS Server on Host Network Page Information About Network Object NAT Configuring Network Object NATPrerequisites for Network Object NAT Licensing Requirements for Network Object NATSupports IPv6. See also the NAT and IPv6 section on Additional Guidelines Adding Network Objects for Mapped Addresses Configuring Network Object NATObject Configuring Dynamic NATObject network objname DNS and NAT section on page 3-28 for more information Additional Guidelines section onNat inside,outside dynamic nat-pat-grp interface Configuring Dynamic PAT HideMapped addresses Configures a network object for which you want to configureOptional Create a network object or group for See the Adding Network Objects for Mapped Addresses sectionWhen you want to use the interface IP address you Configures dynamic PAT for the object IP addresses. You canInterface-Routed mode only The IP address Used. For this option, you must configure a specificCiscoasaconfig-network-object#nat inside,outside dynamic Ciscoasaconfig# object network IPv4POOL Configuring Static NAT or Static NAT-with-Port-TranslationCiscoasaconfig# object network IPv6INSIDE Addresses IPv4 or IPv6 that you want to translate See the DNS and NAT section on page 3-28. This option is Static NAT section onSee the Mapped Addresses and Routing section on Translate. See the Adding Network Objects for Mapped Configuring Identity NATAddresses section on Section on page 3-22 for more information NAT command. See the Determining the Egress InterfaceSee the Additional Guidelines section on Mapped Addresses and Routing section onBy default, the following rules are installed Configuring Per-Session PAT RulesShows NAT statistics, including hits for each NAT rule Monitoring Network Object NATHow many times they were allocated Configuration Examples for Network Object NAT Create a network object for the internal web server Providing Access to an Inside Web Server Static NATConfigure static NAT for the object Ciscoasaconfig# object network myWebServCreate a network object for the outside web server Configure static NAT for the web serverCiscoasaconfig-network-object#nat outside,inside static Create a network object for the inside networkCreate a network object for the load balancer Configure static NAT for the load balancerCiscoasaconfig# object network myPublicIPs Ciscoasaconfig# object network myLBHostCreate a network object for the Http server address Ciscoasaconfig# object network FtpserverCiscoasaconfig# object network Httpserver Create a network object for the FTP server addressCreate a network object for the Smtp server address Ciscoasaconfig# object network SmtpserverDNS Reply Modification DNS Reply Modification Using Outside NAT 2001DB8D1A5C8E1 Ciscoasaconfig# object network Dnsserver Platform Feature Name Releases Feature Information Feature History for Network Object NATPat-pool mappedobject extended Pat-pool mappedobject flat include-reserveConfiguration mode, show nat, show nat pool, show xlate General-attributes configuration modeNat-assigned-to-public-ip interface tunnel-group Show nat pool Page Information About Twice NAT Configuring Twice NATPrerequisites for Twice NAT Licensing Requirements for Twice NATSupports IPv6 Configuring Twice NAT Guidelines and Limitations Adding Network Objects for Real and Mapped Addresses Configuring Twice NATConfiguring Twice NAT Configure service objects for Optional Adding Service Objects for Real and Mapped PortsCommand Purpose See the Adding Network Objects for Real and Mapped See the Optional Adding Service Objects for Real and MappedPorts section on You can optionally configure the following fallback Configure dynamic NAT. See the following guidelinesSection and Line-Optional By default, the NAT rule is Anywhere in the applicable section using the line argumentCommand Purpose Subnet 203.0.113.0 For a PAT poolSubnet 2001DB8AAAA/96 Configuring Twice NAT Detailed Steps Interface keyword enables interface PAT fallback. After Configures dynamic PAT hide. See the following guidelinesMapped-Configure one of the following Interface-Routed mode only Specify the interfaceCommand Purpose Command Purpose Subnet 192.168.1.0 Service tcp destination eqHost 2001DB823 Source or Destination mapped ports Source or Destination real portsSee the Static Interface NAT with Port Translation Rule Order section on page 3-18for more information aboutExamples OUTSIDEIPv6NW ObjectMAPPEDIPv6NW Subnet 2001DB8BBBB/96Source real addresses you will typically use Static Interface NAT with Port Translation section on How many times they were allocated To monitor twice NAT, enter one of the following commandsMonitoring Twice NAT Shows NAT statistics, including hits for each NAT ruleAdd a network object for the DMZ network Configuration Examples for Twice NATCiscoasaconfig# object network PATaddress1 Add a network object for the inside networkConfigure the second twice NAT rule Configure the first twice NAT ruleCiscoasaconfig# object network TelnetWebServer Add a network object for the PAT address when using TelnetAdd a service object for Telnet Ciscoasaconfig# object network myInsideNetworkAdd a service object for Http Existing functionality. The unidirectional keyword is Feature History for Twice NATWe modified the following command nat source static Show nat, show xlate, show nat poolPat-pool mappedobject flat include-reserve Nat-assigned-to-public-ip interface tunnel-group Show nat pool Configuring Access Control Page Information About Access Rules Configuring Access RulesImplicit Permits General Information About RulesInformation About EtherType Rules, Inbound and Outbound Rules Implicit DenyOutbound ACL Transactional-Commit ModelAccess Rules for Returning Traffic Information About Extended Access RulesAdditional Guidelines and Limitations Traffic Type Protocol or Port Management Access RulesInformation About EtherType Rules Supported EtherTypes and Other TrafficSupported in routed and transparent firewall modes Licensing Requirements for Access RulesPrerequisites Allowing MplsPer-User ACL Guidelines Default SettingsConfiguring Access Rules To apply an access rule, perform the following stepsSee Per-User ACL Guidelines, Per-user-override optionHostname config# object-group service myaclog Monitoring Access RulesTo monitor network access, enter the following command Show running-config access-groupExtended Feature History for Access RulesPermit deny is-is Transactional-commit,show running-config asp Extended, access-list webtypeIpv6 access-list webtype, ipv6-vpn-filter Access-list extended, service-object, serviceLicensing Requirements for AAA Rules AAA PerformanceInformation About Authentication Configuring Authentication for Network AccessASA Authentication Prompts One-Time AuthenticationAAA Prompts and Identity Firewall Name name1@name2 Password password1@password2Static PAT and Http AAA Rules as a Backup Authentication MethodNat inside,outside static 10.48.66.155 service tcp 111 Authentication include command which Configuring Network Access AuthenticationUser-group any and user-group none can be Lockout command Protocol ldap Ldap-login-passwordLdap-over-ssl enable Aaa authentication match Auth inside LdapEnabling Secure Authentication of Web Clients Authenticating Https Connections with a Virtual Server Authenticating Directly with the ASAAuthenticating Telnet Connections with a Virtual Server Authentication include command Configuring TACACS+ Authorization Configuring Authorization for Network AccessFTP in the ACL, because the user must authenticate Authenticate. For details, see the general operationsAuthentication, while deny entries exclude matching Traffic from authentication. Be sure to includeAuthorization include command which Authentication match commandAbout the Downloadable ACL Feature and Cisco Secure ACS Configuring Radius AuthorizationACSCiscoSecure-Defined-ACL=acl-set-name Access-list aclname extended Configuring Cisco Secure ACS for Downloadable ACLsWith the following text Downloaded ACL on the ASA consists of the following linesIpinacl#nnn= Filter-id=aclname Configuring Accounting for Network AccessAccounting include command which Information, see the Configuring Network AccessAuthentication section on page 7-7. If you want Access-list commandConfiguring AAA Rules for Network Access Mac-exempt match command Feature History for AAA Rules Page Configuring Application Inspection Page How Inspection Engines Work Getting Started with Application Layer Protocol InspectionHow Inspection Engines Work When to Use Application Protocol InspectionSupports IPv6 for the following inspections Failover Guidelines323 H.225 Default Settings and NAT LimitationsIP Options NetBIOS NameServer over IP SQL*Net SmtpSun RPC over Configuring Application Layer Protocol Inspection View the entire class map using the following command Ciscoasaconfig# policy-mapname ciscoasaconfig-pmap# Keywords Ipsec-pass-thru mapname Icmp Icmp error IlsNetbios mapname Ip-options mapnameSqlnet Sunrpc Scansafe mapnameTftp Waas Xdmcp 10-1 DNS InspectionDNS Inspection Actions Default Settings for DNS InspectionInformation About DNS Inspection General Information About DNS10-3 Do one of the followingClass-map type inspect dns match-all 10-4 Defining Actions in an Inspection Policy Map section onSection Keyword specifies the question portion of a DNS message.Section the authority keyword specifies the Authority RR Section the additional keyword specifies the Additional RR10-6 Matches a DNS message domain name list. The regexnameMatch not domain-name regex regexid 10-7 Id-mismatch count number duration seconds actionMessage-length maximum length client length auto Tsig enforced action drop log-Requires a TsigLayer 3/4 Class Maps section on page 1-12 for more Configuring DNS Inspection10-8 Dynamic-filter-snoop keyword, see the Enabling DNS Monitoring DNS Inspection10-9 10-10 Ciscoasa# show service-policyFTP Inspection FTP Inspection Overview10-11 Using the strict Option10-12 10-13 10-14 Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect ftp mymapHttp Inspection Overview Ciscoasaconfig# service-policy ftp-policy interface insideHttp Inspection Verifying and Monitoring FTP Inspection10-16 10-17 Ciscoasaconfig-cmap#match not req-resp content-type mismatch10-18 Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect http policymapname10-19 IM Inspection Overview Icmp Error InspectionIcmp Inspection Instant Messaging Inspection10-21 Ciscoasaconfig-cmap#match not protocol im-yahoo im-msnConference games 10-22 Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect im policymapname10-23 IP Options Inspection10-24 IP Options Inspection OverviewIPsec Pass Through Inspection Ciscoasaconfig-pmap-p#router-alert action allow clear10-25 10-26 IPv6 InspectionIPsec Pass Through Inspection Overview Example for Defining an IPsec Pass Through Parameter Map10-27 Default Settings for IPv6 InspectionOptional Configuring an IPv6 Inspection Policy Map Information about IPv6 Inspection10-28 Routing-address count gt number -Sets the maximumTo enable IPv6 inspection, perform the following steps Configuring IPv6 Inspection10-29 NetBIOS Inspection Overview NetBIOS Inspection10-30 10-31 10-32 Pptp InspectionSmtp and Extended Smtp Inspection Smtp and Esmtp Inspection Overview10-33 10-34 Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect esmtp policymapname10-35 Tftp Inspection10-36 Ctiqbe Inspection Overview Ctiqbe Inspection11-1 Verifying and Monitoring Ctiqbe Inspection Limitations and Restrictions11-2 11-3 InspectionHow H.323 Works Inspection Overview11-4 11-5 Support in H.245 Messages11-6 Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect h323 policymapname Ciscoasaconfig-cmap#match not media-type audio data video11-7 11-8 Ciscoasaconfig# ras-rcf-pinholes enableCiscoasaconfig-pmap-p#rtp-conformance enforce-payloadtype Ciscoasaconfig-pmap-p#state-checking h225 ras11-9 Configuring H.323 and H.225 Timeout ValuesVerifying and Monitoring H.323 Inspection Monitoring H.225 SessionsCiscoasa# show h323-ras Monitoring H.245 SessionsMonitoring H.323 RAS Sessions 11-10Mgcp Inspection Overview Mgcp Inspection11-11 11-12 Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect mgcp mapnameFollowing example shows how to define an Mgcp map Configuring Mgcp Timeout Values11-13 Verifying and Monitoring Mgcp Inspection Rtsp Inspection11-14 11-15 Using RealPlayerRtsp Inspection Overview Restrictions and Limitations11-16 Ciscoasaconfig-cmap#match not request-method method11-17 Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect rtsp policymapnameSIP Inspection Overview SIP Inspection11-18 11-19 SIP Instant Messaging11-20 11-21 Ciscoasaconfig-cmap#match not content length gt lengthCiscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect sip policymapname Ciscoasaconfig-cmap#match not uri sip tel length gt length11-22 Ciscoasaconfig-pmap-p#uri-non-sip action mask log log Ciscoasaconfig-pmap-p#software-version action mask log log11-23 11-24 Configuring SIP Timeout ValuesSkinny Sccp Inspection Verifying and Monitoring SIP InspectionSupporting Cisco IP Phones Sccp Inspection Overview11-25 11-26 Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect skinny policymapname11-27 Ciscoasaconfig-pmap-p#sccp-prefix-len max min valuelength11-28 Verifying and Monitoring Sccp InspectionILS Inspection, SQL*Net Inspection, Sun RPC Inspection, ILS Inspection12-1 12-2 SQL*Net InspectionSun RPC Inspection Overview Sun RPC Inspection12-3 Verifying and Monitoring Sun RPC Inspection Managing Sun RPC Services12-4 Ciscoasa# show sunrpc-server active 12-512-6 Dcerpc Overview Dcerpc Inspection13-1 13-2 Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect dcerpc policymapnameGTP Inspection Overview GTP Inspection13-3 13-4 Ciscoasaconfig# policy-map type inspect gtp policymapnameCiscoasaconfig-network#network-object host Ciscoasaconfig# object-group network GSN-pool-name13-5 Ciscoasaconfig# object-group network sgsn32 Ciscoasaconfig# object-group network SGSN-name13-6 13-7 Ciscoasaconfig# service-policy globalpolicy globalCiscoasa# show service-policy inspect gtp statistics Verifying and Monitoring GTP InspectionRadius Accounting Inspection Ciscoasa# show service-policy gtp statistics grep gsn13-8 Inspect radius-accounting radiusaccountingmap Configure the service policyRadius Accounting Inspection Overview 13-913-10 RSH InspectionSnmp Inspection Snmp Inspection Overview13-11 Xdmcp Inspection13-12 Configuring Unified Communications Page 14-1 14-2 Application Might not needCertificate for Phone proxy14-4 Model License Requirement1ASA Base License and Security Plus License 2 sessions ASA Base License 2 sessionsASA 5585-X with Base License 2 sessions SSP-20, -40, or ASA 5585-X with Base License 2 sessions SSP-1014-5 14-6 IME15-1 Cisco Mobility Advantage ProxyCisco Presence Federation Proxy Cisco Intercompany Media Engine Proxy15-2 15-3 Licensing Requirements for the Unified Communication Wizard15-4 Supports IPv6 addresses15-5 Configuring the Private Network for the Phone ProxyClick the Generate and Export LDC Certificate button Configuring Servers for the Phone Proxy15-6 15-7 Address Default Port Description15-8 15-9 Configuring the Public IP Phone Network15-10 15-11 15-12 15-13 15-14 Certificate, Dialog box. See Installing a Certificate,15-15 15-16 15-17 Off-path Deployment Basic Deployment15-18 15-19 15-20 Other, respectively, during TLS handshakes Wizard supports using self-signed certificates onlyCisco UCMs need to be installed on the security appliance Supports installing self-signed certificates15-22 Exporting an Identity Certificate Installing a Certificate15-23 15-24 Click Install Certificate15-25 Saving the Identity Certificate Request15-26 15-27 15-28 Phone Proxy Functionality Information About the Cisco Phone Proxy16-1 TCP/RTP TLS/SRTP 16-216-3 Supported Cisco UCM and IP Phones for the Phone ProxyCisco Unified Communications Manager Cisco Unified IP Phones16-4 Licensing Requirements for the Phone Proxy16-5 16-6 Prerequisites for the Phone ProxyMedia Termination Instance Prerequisites This section contains the following topicsACL Rules Certificates from the Cisco UCMDNS Lookup Prerequisites Cisco Unified Communications Manager PrerequisitesPAT Prerequisites NAT and PAT PrerequisitesAddress Port Protocol Description NAT Prerequisites16-9 Prerequisites for IP Phones on Multiple Interfaces7940 IP Phones Support There must be two CTL file record entries for the Cisco UCMCisco IP Communicator Prerequisites Cipc security-mode authenticated16-10 16-11 Rate Limiting Configuration ExamplePrerequisites for Rate Limiting Tftp Requests Icmp deny any outside16-12 Phone Proxy Guidelines and LimitationsEnd-User Phone Provisioning Ways to Deploy IP Phones to End Users16-13 General Guidelines and LimitationsMedia Termination Address Guidelines and Limitations Configuring the Phone Proxy16-14 Choose Security Certificate Management Importing Certificates from the Cisco UCM16-15 Certificate Name Required for Authenticating IP phones with an LSCHostnameconfig# crypto ca trustpoint trustpointname Hostnameconfig# crypto ca authenticate trustpoint16-17 Creating Trustpoints and Generating Certificates16-18 Creating the CTL FilePrerequisites What to Do Next16-19 16-20 Using an Existing CTL File16-21 Creating the TLS Proxy for a Mixed-mode Cisco UCM Cluster16-22 16-23 Creating the Media Termination InstanceCucm/cucos/504/iptpch6.html#wp1040848 Cucm/cucos/504/iptpch6.html#wp1040354See Media Termination Instance Prerequisites Creating the Phone Proxy Instance16-24 16-25 See Creating the Media Termination InstanceSee Cisco IP Communicator Prerequisites Enabling the Phone Proxy with SIP and Skinny Inspection16-26 16-27 16-28 Troubleshooting the Phone ProxyConfiguring Your Router Debugging Information from the Security Appliance16-29 Use the Command16-30 Show conn all Show asp dropDebugging Information from IP Phones Show asp table classify domain16-32 Debugging Information from IP Phones16-33 Tftp Auth Error Displays on IP Phone ConsoleProblem The IP phone displays the following Status message IP Phone Registration Failure16-34 Configuration File Parsing ErrorConfiguration File Parsing Error Unable to Get DNS Response Ciscoasa# show running-config all ctl-file ctlnameHostname# debug phone-proxy tftp Non-configuration File Parsing ErrorPhone-proxy tftp 16-35Hostname# capture out interface outside 16-3616-37 IP Phone Requesting Unsigned File ErrorHostnameconfig# show running-config all phone-proxy IP Phone Unable to Download CTL File16-38 IP Phone Registration Failure from Signaling ConnectionsHostname# show run all ssl To add the required ciphers, enter the following commandDebug sip Debug skinny 16-3916-40 SSL Handshake FailureCertificate Validation Errors Media Termination Address Errors16-41 Saving Sast Keys Audio Problems with IP Phones16-42 16-43 Record-entry capf trustpoint trustpoint address address Configuration Examples for the Phone Proxy16-44 Record-entry cucm trustpoint trustpoint address addressCorporate Network 16-45Fqdn my-ldc-ca.exmaple.com 16-46Phone a 10.10.0.24 16-4716-48 ASA Outside Interface Phone a 10.10.0.24 16-4916-50 16-51 Enroll terminal crypto ca authenticate capf ctl-file myctl16-52 Example 6 Vlan TransversalASA Inside Interface 10.130.50.24 16-5316-54 Feature History for the Phone Proxy17-1 17-2 Supported Cisco UCM and IP Phones for the TLS Proxy17-3 CTL Client Overview17-4 CTL Client TLS Proxy Features ASA IP Address or Domain Name17-5 Licensing for the TLS Proxy17-6 17-7 Configuring the TLS Proxy for Encrypted Voice InspectionCiscoasaconfig# show crypto ca server certificate Ciscoasaconfig# tls-proxy maximum-sessions17-8 17-9 17-10 Creating an Internal CA17-11 Creating a CTL Provider Instance17-12 Creating the TLS Proxy Instance17-13 Crypto ca trustpoint command17-14 17-15 Monitoring the TLS ProxyAES128-SHA 17-16TLS Proxy TLS proxy feature was introduced 2lists the release history for this feature17-17 17-18 18-1 Cisco Mobility Advantage Proxy FunctionalityMobility Advantage Proxy Deployment Scenarios Hostnameconfig-tlsp#no server authenticate-client18-2 TLS 18-3Versus Mobility Advantage Proxy Using NAT/PAT18-4 18-5 Trust Relationships for Cisco UMA DeploymentsLonger requires a Unified Communications Proxy license Configuring Cisco Mobility Advantage18-6 18-7 Task Flow for Configuring Cisco Mobility AdvantageInstalling the Cisco UMA Server Certificate Enabling the TLS Proxy for MMP Inspection,18-8 18-9 Enabling the TLS Proxy for MMP Inspection18-10 Exits from the Policy Map configuration modeEnables the service policy on all interfaces Monitoring for Cisco Mobility Advantage18-11 Configuration Examples for Cisco Mobility Advantage18-12 18-13 18-14 Feature History for Cisco Mobility Advantage19-1 Information About Cisco Unified Presence19-2 Ciscoasaconfig# object network obj-10.0.0.2-0119-3 19-4 Trust Relationship in the Presence Federation19-5 Xmpp Federation Deployments19-6 Configuration Requirements for Xmpp FederationConfigure the following NAT commands Allow traffic from any address to any single node on port19-7 Licensing for Cisco Unified Presence19-8 Configuring Cisco Unified Presence Proxy for SIP Federation19-9 Install the certificates. See Installing Certificates,Trustpoint for the remote entity Installing Certificates19-10 19-11 19-12 Enabling the TLS Proxy for SIP Inspection Trust-pointcommand is the remote entity proxy19-13 19-14 Configuration Example for Cisco Unified PresenceExample Configuration for SIP Federation Deployments, Monitoring Cisco Unified Presence19-15 Example Configuration for SIP Federation Deployments19-16 19-17 Example ACL Configuration for Xmpp Federation19-18 Example NAT Configuration for Xmpp Federation19-19 19-20 Feature History for Cisco Unified Presence20-1 Features of Cisco Intercompany Media Engine Proxy20-2 How the UC-IME Works with the Pstn and the Internet20-3 Tickets and Passwords20-4 Call Fallback to the PstnArchitecture, Basic Deployment, Off Path Deployment, Architecture20-5 20-6 Basic DeploymentOff Path Deployment Licensing for Cisco Intercompany Media Engine20-7 20-8 Supported in single context mode onlySupported in routed firewall mode only Does not support IPv6 addresses20-9 Task Flow for Configuring Cisco Intercompany Media Engine Configuring Cisco Intercompany Media Engine Proxy20-10 Create the TLS proxy. See Creating the TLS Proxy, Configuring NAT for Cisco Intercompany Media Engine Proxy20-11 20-12 Cisco UCM that you want to translate20-13 Configuring PAT for the Cisco UCM Server20-14 20-15 Creating ACLs for Cisco Intercompany Media Engine ProxyGuidelines Procedure20-16 See Creating the Cisco Intercompany Media Engine Creating the Cisco Intercompany Media Engine Proxy20-17 20-18 20-19 Show running-config uc-ime command20-20 20-21 Prerequisites for Installing Certificates20-22 20-23 Creating the TLS ProxyCreating Trustpoints and Generating Certificates section on20-24 ACLs for Cisco Intercompany Media Engine Proxy Created in , page 20-15of the task Creating20-25 20-26 Optional Configuring TLS within the Local EnterpriseWhere policymapname is the name of the policy Map you created in of this task20-27 Commands PurposeWhere proxytrustpoint for the client trust-point Where proxytrustpoint for the server trust-point20-28 20-29 Optional Configuring Off Path Signaling20-30 Intercompany Media Engine Proxy,Creating the Cisco Intercompany Media Engine Proxy,20-31 20-32 20-33 Show uc-ime signaling-sessionsShow uc-ime media-sessions detail Show uc-ime signaling-sessions statistics20-34 20-35 Show uc-ime mapping-service-sessionsShow uc-ime mapping-service-sessions statistics Show uc-ime fallback-notification statistics20-36 Configuring Connection Settings and QoS Page 22-1 Information About Connection SettingsDead Connection Detection DCD TCP Intercept and Limiting Embryonic Connections22-2 22-3 TCP Sequence RandomizationTCP Normalization TCP State Bypass22-4 Licensing Requirements for Connection SettingsTCP Normalizer TCP State Bypass Unsupported FeaturesMaximum Concurrent and Embryonic Connection Guidelines TCP State BypassCustomizing the TCP Normalizer with a TCP Map Configuring Connection SettingsTask Flow For Configuring Connection Settings For each TCP map, you can customize one or more settings22-7 22-8 Command22-9 Command22-10 22-11 Configuring Connection SettingsUrgent-flag allow clear Window-variation allow drop22-12 22-13 Random-sequence-number enable disable keywordTCP Sequence Randomization section on page 22-3 section for Embryonic-conn-max keywordsTo 0, which means the connection never times out Command in the command referenceEmbryonic hh mm ss keyword sets the timeout period until a Idle hh mm ss keyword sets the idle timeout period after22-15 Monitoring Connection SettingsConfiguration Examples for Connection Settings Configuration Examples for Connection Limits and Timeouts22-16 Configuration Examples for TCP State BypassConfiguration Examples for TCP Normalization Following is a sample configuration for TCP state bypass22-17 Feature History for Connection SettingsPer-client-max Timeout half-closed,timeout half-closedConn-max,set connection embryonic-conn-max,set Connection per-client-embryonic-max,set connection23-1 Information About QoSWhat is a Token Bucket? Supported QoS Features23-2 Information About Priority Queuing Information About Policing23-3 Information About Traffic Shaping How QoS Features Interact23-4 Model Guidelines Licensing Requirements for QoSDscp and DiffServ Preservation Does not support IPv623-6 Configuring QoS23-7 Mbps125 Kbps23-8 Configuring the Standard Priority Queue for an InterfacePriority queue, or for the ASA 5505 or ASASM, the Vlan Interface name23-9 23-10 23-11 Step23-12 23-13 23-14 Configuring the Service RulePriority Queuing Policy section on Multiple of 8000. See the Information About Traffic Shaping23-15 23-16 Ciscoasa# show service-policy policeMonitoring QoS Viewing QoS Police StatisticsViewing QoS Shaping Statistics Viewing QoS Standard Priority Statistics23-17 23-18 Viewing QoS Standard Priority Queue StatisticsCiscoasa# show priority-queue statistics test 23-19 Feature History for QoS23-20 Testing Your Configuration Troubleshooting Connections and Resources24-1 24-2 Enabling Icmp Debugging Messages and Syslog Messages24-3 Pinging ASA Interfaces24-4 ASA24-5 Passing Traffic Through the ASA24-6 Disabling the Test Configuration24-7 Monitoring Per-Process CPU UsageDetermining Packet Routing with Traceroute Tracing Packets with Packet Tracer24-8 Configuring Advanced Network Protection Page 25-1 Configuring the ASA for Cisco Cloud Web Security25-2 User Authentication and Cloud Web SecurityInformation About Cisco Cloud Web Security Redirection of Web Traffic to Cloud Web Security25-3 Authentication KeysCompany Authentication Key Group Authentication Key Company Authentication Key, Group Authentication Key,25-4 ScanCenter PolicyDirectory Groups Custom GroupsCloud Web Security Actions How Groups and the Authentication Key Interoperate25-5 IPv4 and IPv6 Support Failover from Primary to Backup Proxy ServerLicensing Requirements for Cisco Cloud Web Security Bypassing Scanning with Whitelists25-7 Optional User Authentication PrerequisitesPrerequisites for Cloud Web Security Optional Fully Qualified Domain Name PrerequisitesBy default, Cisco Cloud Web Security is not enabled Configuring Cisco Cloud Web Security25-8 25-9 See the Authentication Keys section on25-10 Config-url disk0/onectx.cfg Context two25-11 Optional Configuring Whitelisted Traffic section on25-12 Adding an Extended Access Control List,25-13 Policy section on page 1-17for more information25-14 25-15 Optional Configuring Whitelisted Traffic25-16 Optional Configuring the User Identity MonitorConfiguring the Cloud Web Security Policy Object-group-user-Specifies an object-group user nameHttp//Whoami.scansafe.net Monitoring Cloud Web Security25-17 Single Mode Example Configuration Examples for Cisco Cloud Web Security25-18 25-19 Multiple Mode ExampleWhitelist Example To attach class-maps to the Cloud Web Security Policy mapDirectory Integration Examples Configuring the Active Directory Server Using Ldap25-20 Creating the ASA as a Client on the AD Agent Server Configuring the Active Directory Agent Using RadiusTesting the AD Agent Configuring the Identity Options on the ASAShowing a List of Active Users Cloud Web Security with Identity Firewall ExampleMonitoring the Active Directory Groups Downloading the Database from the AD Agent25-23 Aaa-server AD inside host 192.168.116.220 server-port 25-24No call-home reporting anonymous call-home 25-2525-26 Feature History for Cisco Cloud Web SecurityRelated Documents Related DocumentsBotnet Traffic Filter Address Types, Information About the Botnet Traffic Filter26-1 Information About the Dynamic Database Botnet Traffic Filter Address TypesBotnet Traffic Filter Actions for Known Addresses Botnet Traffic Filter Databases26-3 Information About the Static Database26-4 26-5 How the Botnet Traffic Filter WorksPrerequisites for the Botnet Traffic Filter Licensing Requirements for the Botnet Traffic Filter26-6 Task Flow for Configuring the Botnet Traffic Filter Configuring the Botnet Traffic Filter26-7 26-8 Configuring the Dynamic DatabaseSee the Adding Entries to the Static Database section on Adding Entries to the Static Database26-9 26-10 Enabling DNS SnoopingSee the Enabling DNS Snooping section on TCP DNS traffic is not supported26-11 26-12 Inspection section on page 10-1 for more information about26-13 Recommended ConfigurationVery-low Low Moderate High Very-high Subset of the dynamic-filter enable ACLSee the Blocking Botnet Traffic Manually section on Threat-level range moderate very-high26-15 For dropping purposes. If you do not enable this commandBlocking Botnet Traffic Manually About the greylist26-16 Searching the Dynamic Database26-17 Botnet Traffic Filter CommandsMonitoring the Botnet Traffic Filter Botnet Traffic Filter Syslog MessagingDns-snoop command Infected-hosts command26-18 Ciscoasa# show dynamic-filter reports top malware-ports Configuration Examples for the Botnet Traffic FilterRecommended Configuration Example 26-1926-20 Other Configuration ExamplesOutside 26-21 26-22 Feature History for the Botnet Traffic Filter27-1 Configuring Threat DetectionInformation About Threat Detection Licensing Requirements for Threat DetectionInformation About Basic Threat Detection Statistics Configuring Basic Threat Detection Statistics27-2 Types of Traffic Monitored Trigger Settings Packet Drop Reason Average Rate Burst RateGuidelines and Limitations Security Context Guidelines27-4 Configuring Basic Threat Detection StatisticsThreat Detection Statistics section on Monitoring Basic Threat Detection Statistics27-5 27-6 Configuring Advanced Threat Detection StatisticsFeature History for Basic Threat Detection Statistics Information About Advanced Threat Detection Statistics27-7 Configuring Advanced Threat Detection Statistics27-8 27-9 Monitoring Advanced Threat Detection Statistics27-10 27-11 Using the show threat-detection rate acl-drop command27-12 Protocolnumber argument is an integer between 0Statistics Field27-13 Field Description27-14 Feature History for Advanced Threat Detection StatisticsInformation About Scanning Threat Detection Configuring Scanning Threat Detection27-15 27-16 Average Rate Burst RateDisplays the hosts that are currently shunned Configuring Scanning Threat DetectionConfiguration see the Configuring Basic Threat Detection Monitoring Shunned Hosts, Attackers, and Targets27-18 Feature History for Scanning Threat Detection27-19 Configuration Examples for Threat Detection27-20 28-1 Preventing IP SpoofingBlocking Unwanted Connections Configuring the Fragment Size28-2 28-3 Configuring IP Audit for Basic IPS SupportConfiguring IP Audit Configuring IP Audit, IP Audit Signature List,28-4 IP Audit Signature List1lists supported signatures and system message numbers Signature Message Number Signature Title28-5 28-6 28-7 28-8 29-1 Information About Web Traffic Filtering29-2 Configuring ActiveX FilteringLicensing Requirements for ActiveX Filtering Information About ActiveX Filtering29-3 Configuring ActiveX FilteringConfiguration Examples for ActiveX Filtering Guidelines and Limitations for ActiveX FilteringLicensing Requirements for Java Applet Filtering Configuring Java Applet FilteringFeature History for ActiveX Filtering Information About Java Applet Filtering29-5 Configuring Java Applet FilteringConfiguration Examples for Java Applet Filtering Guidelines and Limitations for Java Applet Filtering29-6 Feature History for Java Applet FilteringFiltering URLs and FTP Requests with an External Server Information About URL FilteringGuidelines and Limitations for URL Filtering Licensing Requirements for URL Filtering29-7 Choose from the following options Identifying the Filtering Server29-8 29-9 Maximum memory allocation of 2 KB to 10 MB Configuring Additional URL Filtering SettingsBuffering the Content Server Response Replaces block-buffer with the maximum number of HttpWebsense server Caching Server AddressesFiltering Http URLs On the Websense server29-12 29-13 Filtering Https URLsMight enter cd ./files instead of cd /public/files Filtering FTP Requests29-14 Ciscoasa# show url-server Following is sample output from the show url-servercommandMonitoring Filtering Statistics 29-1529-16 Following is sample output from the show url-blockcommandFollowing is sample output from the show perfmon command Following is sample output from the show filter command29-17 Feature History for URL Filtering29-18 Configuring Modules Page 30-1 Information About the ASA CX Module30-2 How the ASA CX Module Works with the ASA30-3 Monitor-Only ModeService Policy in Monitor-Only Mode Traffic-Forwarding Interface in Monitor-Only Mode30-4 Initial ConfigurationInitial Configuration, Policy Configuration and Management, Information About ASA CX ManagementInformation About VPN and the ASA CX Module Information About Authentication ProxyCompatibility with ASA Features Policy Configuration and Management30-6 Licensing Requirements for the ASA CX Module30-7 Monitor-Only Mode GuidelinesASA Clustering Guidelines Does not support clusteringTask Flow for the ASA CX Module Configuring the ASA CX ModuleSee the Compatibility with ASA Features section on Parameters DefaultASA 5585-X Hardware Module Connecting the ASA CX Management Interface30-9 If you do not have an inside router If you have an inside router30-10 30-11 ASA 5512-X through ASA 5555-X Software Module30-12 Partition the SSD Example30-13 30-14 Session 1 do setup host ipASA 5585-X Changing the ASA CX Management IP Address Sets the ASA CX management IP address, mask, and gatewayEnter an IPv6 address 2001DB80CD301234/64 Configuring Basic ASA CX Settings at the ASA CX CLI30-15 Ciscoasa# session cxsc consoleAsacx config passwd Change the admin password by entering the following command30-16 30-17 Optional Configuring the Authentication Proxy PortRedirecting Traffic to the ASA CX Module Creating the ASA CX Service Policy30-18 30-19 See the Monitor-Only Mode section on page 30-3 for moreSee the Feature Matching Within a Service Policy section on Configuring Traffic-Forwarding Interfaces Monitor-Only Mode30-20 30-21 Managing the ASA CX Module30-22 Resetting the PasswordReloading or Resetting the Module For a software module ASA 5512-X through ASA30-23 Shutting Down the ModuleReload Sw-module module cxsc uninstallNew module type 30-2430-25 Admin123Monitoring the ASA CX Module Showing Module Status30-26 Showing Module Statistics30-27 Monitoring Module ConnectionsShow asp event dp-cp cxsc-msg Dp-cp‘X’ flag 30-28Ciscoasa# show asp drop 30-29Ciscoasa# show asp event dp-cp cxsc-msg 30-30 Troubleshooting the ASA CX ModuleCapturing Module Traffic Debugging the Module30-31 Problems with the Authentication Proxy30-32 Configuration Examples for the ASA CX ModuleCheck the authentication proxy port Check the authentication proxy rules30-33 Feature History for the ASA CX Module30-34 We modified or introduced the following commands cxscFail-close fail-openmonitor-only,traffic-forward Cxsc monitor-onlyAsadataplane Capture interface asadataplane command30-35 30-36 31-1 Information About the ASA IPS Module31-2 How the ASA IPS Module Works with the ASAOperating Modes Using Virtual Sensors ASA 5510 and Higher31-3 31-4 Information About Management Access31-5 Licensing Requirements for the ASA IPS moduleManagement Vlan ASA 5505 only 1lists the default settings for the ASA IPS module31-6 Task Flow for the ASA IPS Module Configuring the ASA IPS module31-7 31-8 Connecting the ASA IPS Management Interface31-9 31-10 ASASessioning to the Module from the ASA ASA 5512-X through ASA 5555-X Booting the Software Module31-11 31-12 Configuring Basic IPS Module Network SettingsFor example, using the filename in the example in , enter Ciscoasa# sw-module module ips recover bootSessioning to the Module from the ASA Section on ASA 5510 and Higher Configuring Basic Network SettingsASA 5505 Configuring Basic Network Settings Connecting the ASA IPS Management Interface section on31-14 Details command Configuring the Security Policy on the ASA IPS Module31-15 31-16 31-17 31-18 Diverting Traffic to the ASA IPS module31-19 31-20 31-21 Installing and Booting an Image on the ModuleManaging the ASA IPS module IPS module31-22 31-23 Uninstalling a Software Module ImageSw-module module ips uninstall For a software module for example, the ASA 5545-XFor a software module for example, the ASA Sw-module module ips password-reset31-24 Ips for a software module Monitoring the ASA IPS module31-25 31-26 Configuration Examples for the ASA IPS moduleCiscoasa# show module ips 31-27 Feature History for the ASA IPS moduleAllow-ssc-mgmt,hw-module module ip, and hw-module Module allow-ipSession, show module, sw-module Inventory, show environment31-28 32-1 Information About the CSC SSM32-2 ASA32-3 Determining What Traffic to Scan32-4 Common Network Configuration for CSC SSM ScanningPrerequisites for the CSC SSM Licensing Requirements for the CSC SSM32-5 32-6 1lists the default settings for the CSC SSMParameter Default Supported in single and multiple context modesBefore Configuring the CSC SSM Configuring the CSC SSM32-7 See the Connecting to the CSC SSM section on Connecting to the CSC SSM32-8 32-9 32-10 Diverting Traffic to the CSC SSMSee the Diverting Traffic to the CSC SSM section on Determining What Traffic to Scan section on32-11 32-12 Guidelines and Limitations section onDisplays additional status information Monitoring the CSC SSMSee the Monitoring the CSC SSM section on Displays the statusInstalling an Image on the Module Troubleshooting the CSC Module32-14 Recover command Resetting the Password32-15 32-16 Reloading or Resetting the ModuleShuts down the module Configuration Examples for the CSC SSMCiscoasaconfig-cmap#policy-map cscinpolicy Shutting Down the ModuleAssistance with the Startup Wizard Additional ReferencesRelated Topic Document Title Instructions on use of the CSC SSM GUI32-19 Feature History for the CSC SSMFeature Name Platform Releases Feature Information Details recover32-20 IN-1 IN-2 IN-3 IN-4 IN-5 IN-6 See also policy mapLDP 6-7router-id 6-7TDP Multi-session PAT RPC not supported withIN-7 IN-8 IN-9 IN-10
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ASA 5555-X, and the ASA Services Module, ASA 5545-X, ASA 5585-X, ASA 5580 specifications

Cisco Systems has long been a leader in the field of network security, and its Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) series is a testament to this expertise. Within the ASA lineup, models such as the ASA 5505, ASA 5580, ASA 5585-X, ASA 5545-X, and ASA 5555-X stand out for their unique features, capabilities, and technological advancements.

The Cisco ASA 5505 is designed for small businesses or branch offices. It provides essential security features such as firewall protection, flexible VPN capabilities, and intrusion prevention. The ASA 5505 supports a user-friendly interface, allowing for straightforward management. Its built-in threat detection and prevention tools provide a layered defense, and with scalability in mind, it can accommodate various expansion options as organizational needs grow.

Moving up the line, the ASA 5580 delivers greater throughput and advanced security features. This model is suited for medium to large enterprises that require robust protection against increasingly sophisticated threats. Its multi-core architecture allows it to manage high volumes of traffic seamlessly while maintaining excellent performance levels. The ASA 5580 also supports application-layer security and customizable access policies, making it highly adaptable to diverse security environments.

The ASA 5585-X further enhances Cisco's security offerings with advanced malware protection and extensive security intelligence capabilities. It incorporates next-generation firewall features, including context-aware security, and supports advanced threat detection technologies. This model is ideal for large enterprises or data centers that prioritize security while ensuring uninterrupted network performance and availability.

For enterprises requiring a balance of performance and security, the ASA 5545-X presents a compelling option. This model features scalable performance metrics, high availability, and integrated advanced threat protection. Coupled with advanced endpoint protection and detailed monitoring capabilities, the ASA 5545-X enables organizations to manage their security posture effectively.

Lastly, the ASA 5555-X blends cutting-edge technologies with strong security infrastructures. It boasts high throughput and the ability to execute deep packet inspections. Its sophisticated architecture supports threat intelligence feeds that provide real-time security updates, making it a powerful tool against modern threats.

Each of these Cisco ASA models brings specific advantages to varied environments. Their integrative capabilities enable businesses to enhance their security postures while benefiting from seamless scalability and management. As cybersecurity threats evolve, these advanced appliances play a vital role in protecting valuable digital assets.
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