10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
Switching Technology
Another approach to pushing beyond the limits of Ethernet technology is the development of switching technology. A switch bridge's Ethernet packets at the MAC address level of the Ethernet protocol transmitting among connected Ethernet or Fast Ethernet LAN segments.
Switching is a cost-effective way of increasing the total network capacity available to users on a local area network. A switch increases capacity and decreases network loading by making it possible for a local area network to be divided into different segments which don’t compete with each other for network transmission capacity, giving a decreased load on each.
The switch acts as a high-speed selective bridge between the individual segments. The switch, without interfering with any other segments automatically forwards traffic that needs to go from one segment to another. This allows the total network capacity to be multiplied, while still maintaining the same network cabling and adapter cards.
For Fast Ethernet networks, a switch is an effective way of eliminating problems of chaining hubs beyond the two-repeater limit.” A switch can be used to split parts of the network into different collision domains, making it possible to expand your Fast Ethernet network beyond the 205-meter network diameter limit for 100BASE-TX networks. Switches supporting both traditional 10Mbps Ethernet and 100Mbps Fast Ethernet are also ideal for bridging between existing 10Mbps networks and new 100Mbps networks.
Switching LAN technology is a marked improvement over the previous generation of network bridges, which were characterized by higher latencies. Routers have also been used to segment local area networks, but the cost of a router and the setup and maintenance required make routers relatively impractical. Today switches are an ideal solution to most kinds of local area network congestion problems.