Citrix Systems 6.2.0 manual Virtual Machines, Creating VMs, Other Methods of VM Creation

Page 9

Chapter 2. Virtual Machines

This chapter provides an overview of how to create Virtual Machines (VMs) using templates. It also explains other preparation methods, including physical to virtual conversion (P2V), cloning templates, and importing previously- exported VMs.

What is a Virtual Machine?

A Virtual Machine (VM) is a software computer that, like a physical computer, runs an operating system and applications. The VM is comprised of a set of specification and configuration files and is backed by the physical resources of a host. Every VM has virtual devices that provide the same functionality as physical hardware, and can have additional benefits in terms of portability, manageability, and security. In addition, you can tailor the boot behavior of each VM to your specific requirements - for more information refer to Section 9.1, “VM Boot Behavior”.

XenServer supports guests with any combination of IPV4 or IPv6 configured addresses.

2.1. Creating VMs

2.1.1. Using VM Templates

VMs are prepared from templates. A template is a "gold image" that contains all the various configuration settings to instantiate a specific VM. XenServer ships with a base set of templates, which are "raw" VMs, on which you can install an operating system. Different operating systems require different settings in order to run at their best. Linux templates create ParaVirtualized (PV) guests, whereas Windows templates create Hardware Virtual Machine (HVM) guests. XenServer templates are tuned to maximize operating system performance.

There are two basic methods by which you can create VMs from templates:

Using a complete pre-configured template, for example the Demo Linux VM.

Installing an operating system from a CD or an ISO image onto the appropriate provided template.

You install operating systems onto VMs from either a vendor installation CD, or from an ISO repository, or can choose use a complete pre-configured OS instance.

Chapter 4, Creating Windows VMs describes how to install Windows operating systems onto VMs.

Chapter 5, Creating Linux VMs describes how to install Linux operating systems onto VMs.

2.2. Other Methods of VM Creation

In addition to creating VMs from the provided templates, there are 3 other methods that you can use to create VMs.

1.Physical to Virtual Conversion (P2V)

2.Cloning an existing VM

3.Importing an exported VM

2.2.1. Physical to Virtual Conversion (P2V)

Physical to Virtual Conversion (P2V) is the process by which an existing Windows operating system on a physical server — its file system, configuration, and so on — is converted to a virtualized instance of the operating system. This is then is transferred, instantiated, and started as a VM on the XenServer host.

2.2.2. Cloning an Existing VM

You can make a copy of an existing VM by cloning from a template. Templates are ordinary VMs which are intended to be used as master copies to instantiate VMs from. A VM can be customized and converted into a template;

2

Image 9
Contents Citrix XenServer 6.2.0 Virtual Machine Users Guide Trademarks Contents VM Migration with XenMotion and Storage XenMotion Importing the Demo Linux Virtual Appliance Windows VM Release Notes Setting Up a Red Hat Installation Server About this Document OverviewXenServer Documentation Virtual Machines Creating VMsOther Methods of VM Creation Importing an Exported VM XenServer ToolsPage Supported Guests and Allocating Resources Supported Guests, Virtual Memory, and Disk Size LimitsOperating System Minimum Maximum Minimum Disk Space 4GB 8GB Operating System Experimental GuestsDeprecated Guests XenServer Product Family Virtual Device SupportVirtual device Linux VMs Windows VMs VM Block Devices Creating Windows VMs Basic Procedure for Creating a Windows VMAvailable Windows Templates Template Name DescriptionUsing XenCenter to Create a VM Attaching an ISO Image LibraryTo create a Windows 7 32-bit VM Page Installing a Windows VM from an ISO Repository Using the CLI Using the CLI to Create a Windows VMCreating Linux VMs Distribution Vendor Install From Network From CD RepositoryCreating a Linux VM by Installing from a Physical CD/DVD Network Installation Notes Creating a Linux VM by Installing From an ISO ImageAdvanced Operating System Boot Parameters To install Debian using a preseed fileTo install Rhel Using a Kickstart File To install the guest agent Installing the Linux Guest AgentLinux Distribution Installation Notes Additional Installation Notes for Linux DistributionsAdditional Debian Notes Preparing to Clone a Linux VMMachine Name IP addressPage XenMotion and Storage XenMotion VM Migration with XenMotion and Storage XenMotionXenMotion Storage XenMotionMigrating a VM using XenCenter Live VDI MigrationLimitations and Caveats To Move Virtual Disks Updating VMs To uninstall the XenServer ToolsUpdating Windows Operating Systems Updating XenServer Tools for Windows VMsPage VApps Creating a vApp using XenCenterManaging vApps in XenCenter Creating vAppsDeleting vApps using XenCenter Start and shutdown vApps using XenCenterDeleting vApps To start a vAppImporting and Exporting vApps To export a vAppTo import a vApp Persist XenDesktop Private Desktop Mode VM Boot BehaviorReset XenDesktop Shared Desktop Mode Advanced Notes for Virtual MachinesInstalldir/xensetup.exe /S /norestart Connecting to a Windows VM Using Remote Desktop Windows Volume Shadow Copy Service VSS providerTo enable the Windows XenServer VSS provider To Enable Remote Desktop on a Windows VMTime Handling in Linux VMs Time Handling in Windows VMsInstalling a VM from Reseller Option Kit BIOS-locked Media To set individual Linux VMs to maintain independent timesGuest OS Dependent wallclock Independent wallclock Preparing for Cloning a Windows VM Using VSS Using XenCenterUsing the CLI Cloning Windows VMs Assigning a GPU to a Windows VM for Use with XenDesktopTo assign a GPU to a Windows VM using xe CLI To assign a GPU to a Windows VM using XenCenterTo detach a Windows VM from a GPU using XenCenter To detach a Windows VM from a GPU using the xe CLIDetach the GPU from the VM by entering the following To Import the Demo Linux Virtual Appliance Using XenCenter Importing the Demo Linux Virtual ApplianceUseful Tests Page Importing and Exporting VMs Supported FormatsFormat Description Attribute Description Open Virtualization Format OVF and OVAXVA Format Disk Image Formats VHD and VmdkXVA Version 1 Format Operating System FixupTransfer VM Importing VMsTo use the RawVDI transfer protocol Importing VMs from OVF/OVA To Import VMs from OVF/OVA using XenCenterPage Importing Disk Images To Import VMs from a Disk Image using XenCenterImporting VMs from XVA To Import VMs from XVA Files VM using XenCenterTo Import a VM from XVA using the xe CLI Exporting VMsExporting VMs as OVF/OVA To Export VMs as OVF/OVA using XenCenter Exporting VMs as XVA To Export VMs as XVA Files using XenCenterTo Export VMs as XVA Files using the xe CLI Release Notes Appendix A. Windows VM Release NotesRed Hat Enterprise Linux 4.5 to Appendix B. Linux VM Release NotesPreparing a Rhel 4.5 to 4.8 guest for cloning Red Hat Enterprise LinuxOracle Enterprise Linux CentOSSuse Enterprise Linux 10 SP1 Suse Enterprise Linux 10 SP3Ubuntu Appendix C. Creating ISO Images Creating an ISO on a Linux computerOn a Windows computer Enabling a Graphical Console on Debian Squeeze VMs Appendix D. Enabling VNC for Linux VMsConfiguring GDM to use VNC Determining the Location of your VNC Configuration FileVNC Screen Resolution Firewall SettingsCreate the xinetd.d file, /etc/xinetd.d/vnc-server-stream Enabling VNC for RHEL, CentOS, or OEL 6.x VMsEnabling Remote Administration Setting up SLES-based VMs for VNCModifying the xinetd Configuration Checking for a VNC ServerTo Open the VNC Port on Sles 10.x VMs Firewall To Open the VNC Port on Sles 11.x VMs Firewall Checking RunlevelsCopying Installation Media Appendix E. Setting Up a Red Hat Installation ServerEnable Remote Access NFSHttp FTPTo enable saving of Linux VM crash dumps Appendix F. Troubleshooting VM ProblemsVM Crashes Controlling Linux VM Crashdump BehaviourTroubleshooting Boot Problems on Linux VMs