APPENDIX A - THE COSPAS-SARSAT SYSTEM

EPIRBs transmit to the satellite portion of the Cospas-Sarsat system. Cospas-Sarast satellites are an international system that utilizes Russian Federation and United States’ low altitude, near-polar orbiting satellites (LEOSAR). These satellites assist in detecting and locating activated 406 MHz satellite beacons.

Cospas-Sarsat satellites receive distress signals from EPIRBs transmitting on the frequency of 406 MHz. The Cospas- Sarsat 406 MHz beacon signal consists of

atransmission of non-modulated carriers followed by a digital message format that provides identification data. The 406 MHz system uses satellite-borne equipment to measure and store the Doppler-shifted frequency along with the beacon’s digital data message and time of measurement.

This information is transmitted in real time to an earth station called the Local User Terminal (LUT), which may be within the view of the satellite, as well as being stored for later transmission to other LUTs.

The LUT processes the Doppler-shifted signal from the LEOSAR and determines the location of the beacon, then the LUT relays the position of the distress to a Mission Control Center (MCC) where the distress alert and location information is immediately forwarded to an appropriate Rescue Coordination Center (RCC). The RCC dispatches Search and Rescue (SAR) forces.

The addition of the GEOSAR satellite system greatly improves the reaction time for a SAR event. This satellite system has no Doppler capabilities at 406 MHz, but will relay the distress alert to any of the LUT stations. When there is GPS data included in the distress message, SAR authorities instantly know your location to within 110 yards (100 m). This speeds up the reaction time by not having to wait for one of the LEOSAR satellite to pass overhead. Because most of the search and rescue forces presently are not equipped to home in on the 406 MHz Satellite beacons signal, homing must be accomplished at 121.5 MHz.

Once the 406 MHz signal is relayed through the LEOSAR and/or GEOSAR network, SAR forces determine who is closest, and then proceed to the beacon using the 121.5 MHz homing frequency.

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ACR Electronics RLB-40, Y1-03-0240A manual Appendix a the COSPAS-SARSAT System
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Y1-03-0240A, RLB-40 specifications

The ACR Electronics RLB-40, designated Y1-03-0240A, represents a state-of-the-art solution in the realm of marine safety and emergency communication. Designed for both recreational and commercial maritime use, the RLB-40 is a highly reliable life raft beacon that enhances safety on the open seas.

One of the standout features of the RLB-40 is its integrated 406 MHz and 121.5 MHz dual frequency technology. The 406 MHz signal is crucial for precise satellite tracking, allowing rescue operations to be initiated swiftly and accurately. Simultaneously, the 121.5 MHz signal aids in localizing the emergency vessel by search and rescue teams, providing an additional layer of communication redundancy.

The beacon is equipped with advanced GPS capabilities, which significantly increases the accuracy of its distress signals. This ensures that rescue teams have exact coordinates, enabling them to reach the distressed vessel as quickly as possible. The RLB-40 is known for its user-friendly operation, featuring a straightforward activation process that can be initiated manually or automatically upon immersion in water.

Durability is another key characteristic of the RLB-40. Built to withstand harsh marine environments, it is water-resistant and designed to function effectively in extreme temperatures. This reliability is supported by rigorous testing and adherence to international safety standards, making it a trusted device among mariners.

The beacon has an extended battery life, which is critical during emergencies when every minute counts. It utilizes long-lasting lithium batteries, ensuring that even in prolonged situations, the RLB-40 remains operational.

Moreover, the ACR Electronics RLB-40 can be integrated with other safety devices, creating a comprehensive safety network aboard vessels. It can be easily mounted or stored in life rafts, enhancing its accessibility during critical situations.

With its blend of advanced technologies, robust construction, and user-centric design, the ACR Electronics RLB-40, Y1-03-0240A, stands out as a key piece of equipment that significantly improves the chances of survival in maritime emergencies. Its commitment to safety makes it an essential asset for anyone venturing into the marine environment, whether for recreational or commercial purposes.
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