Power
Theory
tivity is achieved by controlling the ratio of feedback to | Voltage Translators |
input resistance. The Sensitivity Switch sets the input | A voltage divider network splits the Error Signal (ES) |
impedance to this stage and varies the gain such that | into positive and negative drive signals for the bal- |
the overall amplifier gain is 26 dB, or is adjusted | anced voltage translator stage. These offset reference |
appropriately for 0.775V or 1.4V input to attain rated | voltages drive the input to the Voltage Translator |
output. Note that earlier models (before main modules | transistors. A nested NFb loop from the output of the |
built with D | amplifier mixes with the inverted signal riding on the |
sensitivity. | offset references. This negative feedback fixes gain at |
| the offset reference points (and the output of the Error |
Error Amp | Amp) at a factor of |
The inverted output from the VGS is fed to the non- | output. The Voltage Translators are arranged in a |
inverting input of the Error Amp | common base configuration for |
an AC coupling capacitor and input resistor. Amplifier | gain with equal gain. They shift the audio from the |
output is fed back via the negative feedback (NFb) | ±15V reference to VCC reference. Their outputs drive |
loop resistor. The ratio of feedback resistor to input | their respective LVA. |
resistor fixes gain from the Error Amp input to the |
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output of the amplifier at 26 dB. Diodes prevent | Also tied into the Voltage Translator inputs are ODEP |
overdriving the Error Amp. Because the Error Amp | limiting transistors and control/protection transistors. |
amplifies the difference between input and output | The ODEP transistors steal drive as dictated by the |
signals, any difference in the two waveforms will | ODEP circuitry (discussed later). The control/protec- |
produce a near open loop gain condition which in turn | tion transistors act as switches to totally shunt audio to |
results in high peak output voltage. The output of the | ground during the |
Error Amp, called the Error Signal (ES) drives the | Fault protective action. |
Voltage Translators. |
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VOLTAGE AMPLIFICATION |
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| Last Voltage Amplifiers (LVAs) |
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| The Voltage Translator stage channels the signal to | |||||||
The Voltage Translator stage separates the output of |
| the Last Voltage Amplifiers (LVA's) in a balanced | |||||||||
the Error Amp into balanced positive and negative |
| configuration. The +LVA and | |||||||||
drive voltages for the Last Voltage Amplifiers (LVAs), |
| effect through the Bias Servo, drive the fully comple- | |||||||||
translating the signal from ground referenced ±15V to |
| mentary output stage. The LVAs are configured as | |||||||||
±Vcc reference. LVAs provide the main voltage ampli- |
| common emitter amplifiers. This configuration pro- | |||||||||
fication and drive the High Side output stages. Gain |
| vides sufficient voltage gain and inverts the audio. The | |||||||||
from Voltage Translator input to amplifier output is a |
| polarity inversion is necessary to avoid an overall | |||||||||
factor of 25.2. |
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| polarity inversion from input jack to output jack, and it | |||||
| BGS | VGS | Error | +15V |
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| Voltage | +VCC |
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| Translators |
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Audio | + | + | Amp | Divider |
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| NPN Outputs (+HS) |
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| Q100 | Q121 | Q101 | Q105 |
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Inputs |
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| Voltage |
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| Q102 | |
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| Q103 |
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| PNP Outputs | ||
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| Q122 |
| Q110 | |
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| Mute |
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| ODEP |
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| NFb Loop |
| LVA's | |
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| Figure 1. Typical Amplifier Front End and Voltage Amplification Stages. |
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