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Garmin GDL 88 manual NEXRAD Abnormalities, NEXRAD Limitations

Models: GDL 88

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5.1.1NEXRAD Abnormalities

NOTE: FIS-B NEXRAD does not differentiate between frozen and liquid precipitation. The FIS-B NEXRAD intensity colors (as shown below) may differ from the intensity colors from other providers.

5.1.1NEXRAD Abnormalities

There are possible abnormalities regarding displayed NEXRAD images. Some, but not all, causes of abnormal displayed information include:

•Ground Clutter

•Strobes and spurious radar data

•Sun strobes, when the radar antenna points directly at the sun

•Military aircraft deploy metallic dust which can cause alterations in radar scans

•Interference from buildings or mountains, which may cause shadows

•Scheduled maintenance may put a radar off-line

5.1.2NEXRAD Limitations

Certain limitations exist regarding the NEXRAD radar displays. Some, but not all, are listed for the user’s awareness:

•NEXRAD base reflectivity does not provide sufficient information to determine cloud layers or precipitation characteristics (hail vs. rain, etc).

•NEXRAD base reflectivity is sampled at the minimum antenna elevation angle. An individual NEXRAD site cannot depict high altitude storms at close ranges, and has no information about storms directly over the site.

•The resolution of displayed Regional NEXRAD data is approximately two kilometers and the resolution of displayed CONUS NEXRAD data is approximately 10 kilometers. Therefore, when zoomed in on the display, each square block is two kilometers (1.08 NM) or 10 kilometers (5.4 NM) on a side. The intensity level reflected by the square will be the highest level sampled within the area covered by each block.

190-01122-03 Rev. A

GDL 88 ADS-B Transceiver Pilot’s Guide

5-3

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Garmin GDL 88 manual NEXRAD Abnormalities, NEXRAD Limitations, Ground Clutter Strobes and spurious radar data

Contents

ADS-B Transceiver Pilot’s Guide Tel 913/397.8200 NOTE This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is 190-01122-03 Rev. A Initial release Record of RevisionsDate Description190-01122-03 Rev. A GDL 88 ADS-B Transceiver Pilot’s GuideGDL 88 ADS-B Out ContentsIntroduction ADS-B System OverviewGlossary Installation configurationsGDL 88 with ADS-B Out Transmission Enabled GDL 88 with ADS-B Out Transmission Disabled1.1 GDL 88D System Functions 1 INTRODUCTIONproducts for display on compatible displays 1.2 GDL 88 Part Numbersservices if you’re equipped with an ADS-B “In” solution 2 ADS-B SYSTEM OVERVIEWFigure 2-1 ADS-B Ground Stations mid-2012 - FAA Illustration 190-01122-03 Rev. A GDL 88 ADS-B Transceiver Pilot’s GuideUnit 2.1 ADS-B - Broadcast ADS-BSymbol Table 2-1 Map TIS-B Availability SymbolsFigure 2-4 ADS-R Operation - FAA Illustration 2.2 Automatic Dependent Surveillance Rebroadcast ADS-RFigure 2-5 TIS-B Operation - FAA Illustration 2.3 Traffic Information Service - Broadcast TIS-BFigure 2-6 FIS-B Operation - FAA Illustration 2.4 Flight Information Service - Broadcast FIS-B3.1 GDL 88 ADS-B Out Data 3 GDL 88 ADS-B OUTFigure 3-1 GDL 88 ADS-B In and Out 3.3 Pressure Altitude Broadcast Inhibit PABI 3.2 Self-Interrogation1090ES Out Equipped 3.5 Air/Ground Determination 3.4 Anonymous ModeGDL 88 ADS-B Transceiver Pilot’s Guide This page intentionally left blank190-01122-03 Rev. A 4.1 GDL 88 ADS-B In Data 4 GDL 88 ADS-B IN4.2.1 Traffic Applications - SURF, AIRB, etc 4.2 TrafficTraffic Info OrientationSelected Filter190-01122-03 Rev. A Figure 4-4 GDL 88 With TCAS Not In Ground Station Coverage 4.2.2 GDL 88 Integration with TCAD/TAS/TCASTable 4-1 TAS/TCAS Traffic Alerts 4.2.4 Conflict Situational Awareness CSA 4.2.3 No-Heading Source Traffic InformationVertical LookMinimum GDL 88 ADS-B Transceiver Pilot’s Guide This page intentionally left blank190-01122-03 Rev. A Report PIREP 5 WEATHERTransmission Update Interval Minutes Interval Minutes Expiration Time Minutesdata is color coded follows 5.1 FIS-B NEXRADFigure 5-1 Sample FIS-B Weather Precipitation Legend Scheduled maintenance may put a radar off-line 5.1.1 NEXRAD Abnormalities5.1.2 NEXRAD Limitations Sun strobes, when the radar antenna points directly at the sunRegional NEXRAD 5.1.3 NEXRAD Intensity5.1.4 NEXRAD Continental US NEXRAD CONUS5.3 FIS-B METARs 5.2 FIS-B TFRs5.4 FIS-B PIREPs 5.6 SIGMETs and AIRMETs 5.5 FIS-B Winds and Temperatures Aloft6.1.2 GDL 88 with ADS-B Out Transmission Disabled 6 INSTALLATION CONFIGURATIONS6.1 Possible Installation Configurations 6.1.1 GDL 88 with ADS-B Out Transmission Enabled6.2.3 TAS and TCAS Traffic Systems 6.2 Interfaces6.2.1 Audio Panel 6.2.2 Altitude SourceGLOSSARY FIS-B XPDR TCASTIS-B ADS-B Out and ADS-B InGDL 88 ADS-B Transceiver Pilot’s Guide This page intentionally left blank190-01122-03 Rev. A 8 APPENDIX 8.1 TroubleshootingExternal ADS-B Annunciator Table 8-1 GDL 88 Fault Types 8.2 Servicing Your Unit8.3 Contact Garmin configuration setting prevent8.4 Software License Agreement 8.5 LIMITED WARRANTY INDEX VFR 3-3 TroubleshootingWarnings i, 5-2 Warranty 8-4 Weather 5-1 Wind Winds aloft 5-1 TAS 1-1 TCAD 1-1 TCAS 1-1 Text TFR Thunderstorm Time TIS-B TornadosPage 2012 GARMIN Corporation GARMIN International, Inc