Internet Protocol (IP) address

LAN

LEAP

The address of a computer that is attached to a network. Part of the address designates which network the computer is on, and the other part represents the host identification.

Local area network. A high-speed, low-error data network covering a relatively small geographic area.

Light Extensible Authentication Protocol. A version of Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP). LEAP is a proprietary extensible authentication protocol developed by Cisco, which provides a challenge- response authentication mechanism and dynamic key assignment.

MAC

A hardwired address applied at the factory. It uniquely identifies network

 

hardware, such as a wireless adapter, on a LAN or WAN.

Mbps

Megabits-per-second. Transmission speed of 1,000,000 bits per second.

MHz

Megahertz. A unit of frequency equal to 1,000,000 cycles per second.

MIC (Michael)

Message integrity check (commonly called Michael).

MS-CHAP

An EAP mechanism used by the client. Microsoft Challenge Authentication

 

Protocol (MSCHAP) Version 2, is used over an encrypted channel to enable

 

server validation. The challenge and response packets are sent over a non-

 

exposed TLS encrypted channel.

ns

Nanosecond. 1 billionth (1/1,000,000,000) of a second.

OFDM

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing.

PEAP

Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol (PEAP) is an Internet

 

Engineering Task Force (IETF) draft protocol sponsored by Microsoft, Cisco,

 

and RSA Security. PEAP creates an encrypted tunnel similar to the tunnel

 

used in secure web pages (SSL). Inside the encrypted tunnel, a number of

 

other EAP authentication methods can be used to perform client

 

authentication. PEAP requires a TLS certificate on the RADIUS server, but

 

unlike EAP-TLS there is no requirement to have a certificate on the client.

 

PEAP has not been ratified by the IETF. The IETF is currently comparing

 

PEAP and TTLS (Tunneled TLS) to determine an authentication standard for

 

802.1X authentication in 802.11 wireless systems. PEAP is an

 

authentication type designed to take advantage of server-side EAP-

 

Transport Layer Security (EAP-TLS) and to support various authentication

 

methods, including user's passwords and one-time passwords, and Generic

 

Token Cards.

Peer-to-Peer

A wireless network structure that allows wireless clients to communicate

Mode

with each other without using an access point.

Power Save

The state in which the radio is periodically powered down to conserve

mode

power. When the notebook is in Power Save mode, receive packets are

 

stored in the access point until the wireless adapter wakes up.

Preferred

One of the networks that has been configured. Such networks are listed

network

under Preferred networks on the Wireless Networks tab of the Wireless

 

Configuration Utility (Windows 2000 environment) or Wireless Network

 

Connection Properties (Windows XP environment).

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Intel 3945ABG specifications Ofdm

3945ABG specifications

The Intel 3945ABG is a wireless networking adapter that played a significant role in advancing wireless connectivity in laptops and portable devices. Introduced in the mid-2000s, this adapter is notable for its dual-band capabilities and compliance with the IEEE 802.11 a/b/g standards. It supports both 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands, enabling users to connect to a variety of wireless networks while offering improved performance and flexibility.

One of the standout features of the Intel 3945ABG is its support for MIMO technology, which stands for Multiple Input Multiple Output. This innovative technology enhances data transmission rates and increases the range of wireless connections by utilizing multiple antennas for sending and receiving data. MIMO allows the adapter to operate more efficiently in environments with obstacles, such as walls or furniture, making it an ideal choice for users who need reliable connectivity in varied settings.

The Intel 3945ABG adapter also includes Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) and WPA2 security protocols, ensuring that data transmitted over the wireless network remains secure. This is especially important in a time when wireless networks became progressively more vulnerable to unauthorized access and data breaches. The adapter's compatibility with these security standards aids users in establishing secure communications, whether for casual web browsing or sensitive tasks.

In terms of performance, the Intel 3945ABG offers maximum theoretical speeds of up to 54 Mbps in the 802.11a and 802.11g modes, while maintaining lower speeds in the 802.11b mode (up to 11 Mbps). In practical use, this means that users can achieve high data transfer rates in optimal conditions, making it suitable for video streaming, online gaming, and large file downloads.

The Intel 3945ABG also integrates seamlessly with Intel's Centrino mobile technology, which enhances power efficiency and optimizes the overall performance of a laptop. This synergy not only extends battery life but also provides a smooth user experience, as it allows the adapter to effectively manage network resources and maintain a stable connection.

In summary, the Intel 3945ABG wireless adapter is characterized by its dual-band support, MIMO technology, robust security features, and integration with Intel's Centrino technology. While it may now be considered outdated by modern standards, it served as an important stepping stone in the evolution of wireless networking technology and continues to be remembered for its contributions to mobile connectivity.