Introduction

Ping

The “ping” message is actually a query status message that may be sent to devices on the LAN to query their operation status. The ping message is basically a message asking “Are you alive?” The LAN device will reply with a message if it is active.

Time and Mask server

Two other ICMP messages are used to query the time and/or subnet mask from a particular LAN device. A message is sent to a LAN device asking for the time or mask, and the device replies appropriately.

RIP—Routing Information Protocol

The most important function of the IP protocol is routing. IP routers constantly exchange information keeping their routing tables up to date. A method of communication is required to ensure compatibility between all IP routers in the network. RIP is the portion of the IP protocol that is used for router communication.

Route Tables

Each router will maintain a table of network addresses and the appropriate action to take with an IP frame it receives. A routing table entry will usually consist of the following items:

•Network or sub-network address

•IP address of the next hop router

•Network interface to use to get to the next hop router

•Subnet mask for this network interface

•Number of hops to reach the destination network

•Number of seconds since this route was updated

When a router receives an IP frame, the router will examine it to determine the destination network address. The router will then look in the routing table, determine the next router to send the IP frame to, and send the frame to that router.

The selection of the best route path is based solely on the number of hops to the destination network.

Update Mechanism

In order to ensure that the routing tables of all routers in the network are kept up to date, each router will broadcast its routing table onto each of its locally connected networks. The broadcast of the routing tables occurs every 30 seconds.

The process of updating a routing table with current information, and deciding which router to use to reach a destination network, creates a ripple effect of changes through the network. When a router goes down and an adjacent router determines that the path has disappeared, the remaining adjacent routers on that network must determine the next path to use to reach the destination network. Each router will now broadcast its new routing table with the updated information. The updated information will propagate through the network until all routing tables have been brought up to date. This process is called convergence.

The broadcast of the routing tables is also used as a method of determining whether a router is still alive or has been removed from the network. If a router has not heard from an adjacent router in 180 seconds, the local router will mark the adjacent router as unreachable and start to adjust the routing table, if necessary.

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Perle Systems P840 manual RIP-Routing Information Protocol, Ping, Time and Mask server, Route Tables, Update Mechanism
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P840 specifications

Perle Systems is renowned for its high-performance networking hardware, and the Perle P840 model exemplifies this reputation with its advanced features and technologies. Designed for small to medium-sized enterprises, the P840 serves as a versatile and reliable solution for connectivity needs.

One of the main features of the Perle P840 is its robust network performance, supporting both Ethernet and serial connectivity. With support for RS-232, RS-422, and RS-485 interfaces, the P840 enables seamless integration of legacy devices into modern network architectures, allowing businesses to leverage existing infrastructure without the need for extensive upgrades.

The P840 also boasts advanced security features to protect sensitive data during transmission. It supports SSL encryption and VPN capabilities, ensuring that data travels securely across the network. Additionally, it implements strong authentication protocols, providing organizations with peace of mind knowing that their communications are safeguarded against potential threats.

Another standout characteristic of the P840 is its flexibility in configuration. It offers multiple port configurations, allowing for customization based on specific user needs. With options for both managed and unmanaged modes, the device can easily adapt to various network environments. This flexibility makes it suitable for diverse applications, including industrial automation, process control, and telecommunications.

The Perle P840 is designed for durability and reliability, featuring a rugged enclosure that can withstand demanding environments. Its solid-state components reduce the risk of failure, contributing to increased uptime and lower maintenance costs. Furthermore, the compact design allows for easy installation in tight spaces, making it a practical choice for various deployment scenarios.

In terms of management and monitoring, the P840 includes an intuitive web-based interface, enabling administrators to configure settings and monitor network performance effortlessly. SNMP support further enhances management capabilities, allowing for integration into larger network management systems.

Overall, the Perle P840 stands out as a powerful solution for enterprises seeking seamless connectivity, robust security, and flexibility in configuration. Its combination of advanced features and durable design makes it an ideal choice for industries requiring reliable serial and network connectivity in challenging environments. With the P840, businesses can build a resilient networking infrastructure that supports their growing demands while safeguarding their critical data.
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