Troubleshooting in the Protected-Mode Environment

PMINFO provides the information shown in Table A±1.

Table A±1. PMINFO Fields

Measurement

Purpose

CPU performance

Shows the CPU processor equivalent and the speed of the CPU (in MHz)

According to BIOS

Shows the configured memory in DOS and extended memory as provided by the

 

BIOS (interrupts 12h and 15h, function 88h)

SETUP

Shows the configuration obtained directly from the CMOS RAM as set by the com-

 

puter's setup program. It is displayed only if the numbers are different from those

 

in the BIOS line. They are different if the BIOS has reserved memory for itself or

 

if another program has allocated memory and is intercepting the BIOS configura-

 

tion requests to report less memory available than is physically configured.

DOS/16M programs

If displayed, shows the low and high addresses available to DOS/4GW in

 

extended memory

Transfer rates

PMINFO tries to determine the memory architecture. Some architectures perform

 

well under some circumstances and poorly under others; PMINFO shows the best

 

and worst cases. The architectures detected are cache, interleaved, page-mode

 

(or static column), and direct.

 

Measurements are made by using 32-bit accesses and are reported as the num-

 

ber of megabytes per second that can be transferred. The number of wait states

 

is reported in parentheses. The wait states can be a fractional number, like 0.5,

 

if there is a wait state on writes but not on reads. Memory bandwidth (that is, how

 

fast the CPU can access memory) accounts for 60% to 70% of the performance

 

for typical programs (those that are not heavily dependent on floating-point math).

Overall CPU and memory

Shows a performance metric developed by Tenberry Software, Inc. (formerly

performance

known as Rational Systems, Inc.), indicating the expected throughput for the com-

 

puter relative to a standard 8-MHz IBM PC/AT (disk accesses and floating-point

 

operations are both excluded).

Protected/real switch rate

Shows the speed with which the computer can switch between real and protected

 

modes, both as the maximum number of round-trip switches that can occur per

 

second, and as the time for a single round-trip switch, broken into the real-to-

 

protected (up) and protected-to-real (down) components.

 

 

A-4

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Texas Instruments TMS470R1x manual Table A±1. Pminfo Fields
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TMS470R1x specifications

The Texas Instruments TMS470R1x series is an advanced family of microcontrollers designed for automotive and industrial applications, renowned for their robust performance, flexibility, and reliable functionality. Built on a 32-bit RISC architecture, this series provides a powerful computing platform, tailored for embedded control systems.

One of the standout features of the TMS470R1x is its high-performance processing capabilities. Operating at clock speeds of up to 120 MHz, these microcontrollers can handle complex calculations and control algorithms efficiently. The TMS470R1x also incorporates a rich set of peripherals, including timers, pulse width modulation (PWM) modules, and communication interfaces like CAN, SPI, and UART. This versatility makes the series suitable for a wide range of applications, from automotive engine control units to industrial automation systems.

Incorporating advanced memory options, the TMS470R1x features Flash memory sizes ranging from 128 KB to 512 KB, along with RAM ranging from 20 KB to 64 KB. This ample memory is crucial for storing firmware and handling multiple data streams in real time. The microcontrollers also support in-system programming, allowing for easy updates and code modifications during the product lifecycle.

The TMS470R1x series is designed with safety in mind. It adheres to ISO 26262 standards, ensuring high levels of functional safety necessary for automotive systems. Features such as redundancy, error correction, and built-in safety mechanisms ensure operations remain reliable even in fault conditions.

Another important characteristic of the TMS470R1x is its low power consumption, making it ideal for battery-operated devices and equipment. The series employs various power management techniques, including low-power sleep modes, enabling manufacturers to optimize their systems without sacrificing performance.

The integrated Debug and Trace capabilities of the TMS470R1x facilitate effective development and troubleshooting. Engineers can debug their applications in real time, significantly reducing time-to-market and enhancing overall product quality.

In summary, the Texas Instruments TMS470R1x microcontroller series offers a powerful and versatile platform for complex automotive and industrial applications. With its high processing speed, extensive memory options, compliance with safety standards, low power consumption, and robust debugging capabilities, the TMS470R1x is a reliable choice for developers seeking to create innovative and efficient embedded systems. These features combine to position the TMS470R1x series as a leading choice in the expanding field of advanced microcontrollers.
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