5 Basis of measurement and calculations

Reactive and Apparent Power

Active powers are calculated directly by multiplication of voltage and current. Reactive powers are calculated using frequency corrected quarter phase time delay method. Apparent power is calculated as the square root of sum of squares of active and reactive powers. For 4 wire products, overall powers are the sum of the per phase powers. For 3 phase 3 wire products, the "two wattmeter" method is used for overall powers.

Energy resolution

Cumulative energy counts are reported using the standard IEEE floating point format. Reported energy values in excess of 16MWh may show a small non cumulative error due to the limitations of the number format. Internally the count is maintained with greater precision. The reporting error is less than 1 part per million and will be automatically corrected when the count increases.

Power Factor

The magnitude of Per Phase Power Factor is derived from the per phase active power and per phase apparent power. The power factor value sign is set to negative for an inductive load and positive for a capacitive load.

The magnitude of the System Power Factor is derived from the sum of the per phase active power and per phase apparent power. The system power factor value sign is set to negative for an inductive load and positive for a capacitive load. The load type, capacitive or inductive, is determined from the signs of the sums of the relevant active powers and reactive powers. If both signs are the same, then the load is inductive, if the signs are different then the load is capacitive.

The magnitude of the phase angle is the ArcCos of the power factor. It's sign is taken as the opposite of the var's sign.

Maximum Demand

The maximum power consumption of an installation is an important measurement as power utilities often levy related charges. Many utilities use a thermal maximum demand indicator (MDI) to measure this peak power consumption. An MDI averages the power consumed over a number of minutes, such that short surges do not give an artificially high reading.

Integra uses a sliding window algorithm to simulate the characteristics of a thermal MDI instrument, with the demand period being updated every minute.

The demand period can be reset, which allows synchronisation to other equipment. When it is reset, the values in the Demand and Maximum Demand registers are set to zero.

54 Integra 1540, 1000, 0640, 0440, 0340, 0240 Issue 1 04/03

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Tyco 1540 manual Basis of measurement and calculations, Reactive and Apparent Power, Energy resolution
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1540 specifications

The Tyco 1540 is an innovative and versatile telecommunications solution that has gained popularity in various industries due to its robust features and state-of-the-art technology. Designed primarily for high-performance communication, the Tyco 1540 has become a go-to choice for service providers, enterprises, and data centers looking to enhance their network capabilities.

One of the main features of the Tyco 1540 is its advanced multiplexing technology. This allows for the efficient transmission of multiple data signals over a single optical fiber, maximizing bandwidth utilization and reducing infrastructure costs. The device supports a range of protocols, making it adaptable to various network environments and requirements.

The Tyco 1540 also incorporates automation capabilities, which significantly streamline network management and operational processes. With built-in monitoring and diagnostic tools, administrators can easily track performance metrics, troubleshoot issues, and optimize network resources in real-time, thus ensuring seamless communication and minimal downtime.

Another standout characteristic of the Tyco 1540 is its scalability. As businesses grow and their communication needs evolve, the Tyco 1540 can be adjusted to accommodate increased data traffic without needing extensive hardware upgrades. This scalability is essential for organizations that need to remain agile and responsive in an ever-changing technological landscape.

Security is a critical concern in telecommunications, and the Tyco 1540 addresses this with robust encryption protocols. This functionality safeguards sensitive data transmitted across the network, providing peace of mind for organizations handling confidential information. Moreover, the device is designed to comply with industry standards and regulations, ensuring that users meet necessary compliance requirements.

Energy efficiency is another notable aspect of the Tyco 1540. The device is engineered to consume less power, reducing operational costs and minimizing the environmental impact. The incorporation of energy-saving technologies reflects a commitment to sustainable practices, which is increasingly important in today's eco-conscious world.

In conclusion, the Tyco 1540 represents a significant advancement in telecommunications technology. Its features, including advanced multiplexing, automation capabilities, scalability, enhanced security, and energy efficiency, make it an ideal choice for a wide range of applications. Organizations looking to improve their communication infrastructure can certainly benefit from integrating the Tyco 1540 into their systems. With its robust performance and adaptability, the Tyco 1540 stands out as a leading solution in the evolving telecommunications landscape.
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