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ZyXEL Communications 2002 Series 5.4 SIP ALG, 5.5 Pulse Code Modulation, 5.6 Voice Coding, 5.7 PSTN Call Setup Signaling, 5.6.1 G.711, 5.6.2 G.729

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Prestige 2002 Series User’s Guide

5.4 SIP ALG

Some NAT routers may include a SIP Application Layer Gateway (ALG). A SIP ALG allows VoIP calls to pass through NAT by examining and translating IP addresses embedded in the data stream. When the Prestige registers with the SIP register server, the SIP ALG translates the Prestige’s private IP address inside the SIP data stream to a public IP address. You do not need to use STUN if your Prestige is behind a SIP ALG.

5.5 Pulse Code Modulation

Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) measures analog signal amplitudes at regular time intervals and converts them into bits.

5.6 Voice Coding

A codec (coder/decoder) codes analog voice signals into digital signals and decodes the digital signals back into voice signals. The Prestige supports the following codecs.

5.6.1 G.711

G.711 is a Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) waveform codec. G.711 provides very good sound quality but requires 64kbps of bandwidth.

5.6.2 G.729

G.729 is an Analysis-by-Synthesis (AbS) hybrid waveform codec that uses a filter based on information about how the human vocal tract produces sounds. G.729 provides good sound quality and reduces the required bandwidth to 8kbps.

5.7 PSTN Call Setup Signaling

Dual-Tone MultiFrequency (DTMF) signaling uses pairs of frequencies (one lower frequency and one higher frequency) to set up calls. It is also known as Touch Tone®. Each of the keys on a DTMF telephone corresponds to a different pair of frequencies.

Pulse dialing sends a series of clicks to the local phone office in order to dial numbers.1

1.The Prestige does not support pulse dialing at the time of writing.

46	Chapter 5 Introduction to VoIP

Contents

User’s Guide Page Copyright Disclaimer Trademarks Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement Notice Certifications ZyXEL Limited Warranty Note Safety Warnings Customer Support Table of Contents Introduction to VoIP Phone Phone Book Maintenance Troubleshooting Appendix A Hardware Specifications Appendix B Appendix C List of Figures Page List of Tables Page Preface About This User's Guide Related Documentation User Guide Feedback Syntax Conventions Graphics Icons Key Introducing the Prestige 1.1 Prestige 2002 VoIP Analog Telephone Adaptor Overview 1.2Prestige 2002L VoIP Analog Telephone Adaptor with Lifeline 1.3 Features 10/100Mbps Auto-negotiatingFast Ethernet Interfaces PSTN Lifeline REN Dynamic Jitter Buffer Standards Compliance Multiple SIP Accounts 1.4 Applications 1.4.2 Make Calls via IP-PBX Page Page Introducing the Web Configurator 2.1 Web Configurator Overview 2.2Accessing the Prestige Web Configurator Apply Ignore MAIN MENU 2.3 Resetting the Prestige 2.4Navigating the Prestige Web Configurator Page 2.5 Common Screen Command Buttons Page System Screens 3.1 System Overview 3.2 General Setup 3.3 General Setup Configuration 3.4 Configuring Password 3.5 Pre-definedNTP Time Servers List 3.6 Configuring Time Setting Page Page Ethernet Screens 4.1 ETHERNET Overview 4.2 Configuring Ethernet Figure 10 ETHERNET Table 7 ETHERNET 4.3 Configuring the Ethernet Management Port Introduction to VoIP 5.1 Introduction to VoIP 5.2 Introduction to SIP 5.2.1.1 SIP Number 5.2.1.2 SIP Service Domain 5.2.3.1 SIP User Agent Server 5.2.3.2 SIP Proxy Server 5.2.3.3 SIP Redirect Server 5.2.3.4 SIP Register Server 5.3 STUN 5.3.2.1 Full Cone NAT 5.3.2.2 Restricted Cone NAT 5.3.2.3 Port Restricted Cone NAT 5.3.2.4 Symmetric NAT 5.4 SIP ALG 5.5 Pulse Code Modulation 5.6 Voice Coding 5.7 PSTN Call Setup Signaling VoIP Screens 6.1 VoIP Introduction 6.2 VoIP Configuration 6.3 Advanced VoIP Settings Configuration Page Page 6.4 Quality of Service (QoS) 6.4.2.1 DSCP and Per-HopBehavior 6.5 QoS Configuration Phone 7.1 Phone Introduction 7.2 Phone Port Configuration Figure 24 Phone Port Phone Book 8.1 Phone Book Introduction 8.1.1.1 Peer-to-PeerCalls 8.2 Speed Dial Configuration Figure 25 Phone Book 8.3 Lifeline Configuration (Prestige 2002L) Page Logs 9.1 Viewing Logs 9.1.1 Log Message Descriptions Table 19 SIP Logs Table 20 RTP Logs Page Maintenance 10.1 Maintenance Overview 10.2 Status Screen 10.3 F/W Upload Screen Firmware Upload in Process 10.4 Configuration Screen 10.4.1Backup Configuration Configuration Upload Error 10.4.3 Back to Factory Defaults Reset 10.5 Restart Screen Page Troubleshooting 11.1 Problems Starting Up the Prestige 11.2 Problems with the LAN or PC LED 11.3 Problems with the LAN Interface 11.4 Problems with Internet Access 11.5 Problems with the Password 11.6 Problems with the Web Configurator 11.7 Problems with Telephone or Telephone Port 11.8 Problems with Voice Service Appendix A Hardware Specifications Ethernet Port Specifications Prestige 2002 Power Adaptor Specifications Prestige 2002L Power Adaptor Specifications Appendix B Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address Windows 95/98/Me Installing Components Add Adapter Protocol Microsoft Configuring Obtain an IP address automatically Specify an IP address Subnet Mask DNS Windows 2000/NT/XP Network Connections Network and Dial-up Connections 3Right-click Local Area Connection and then click Properties Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) General Use the following IP Address IP address Subnet mask Default gateway Advanced Use the following DNS server addresses Preferred DNS server Alternate DNS server 8Click OK to close the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window 9Click OK to close the Local Area Connection Properties window Macintosh OS 8/9 Macintosh OS Automatic Location •Select Built-inEthernet from the Show list Using DHCP Apply Now Appendix C IP Subnetting IP Addressing IP Classes Subnet Masks Subnetting Example: Two Subnets Page Example: Four Subnets Example Eight Subnets Subnetting With Class A and Class B Networks Page Appendix D PPPoE PPPoE in Action Benefits of PPPoE Traditional Dial-upScenario How PPPoE Works Prestige as a PPPoE Client Index